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How women and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer physics doctoral students navigate graduate education: The roles of professional environments and social networks

Justin A. Gutzwa, Ramón S. Barthelemy, Camila Amaral, Madison Swirtz, Adrienne Traxler, and Charles Henderson

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020115 (2024) - Published 12 September, 2024

A qualitative social network analysis of women and/or LGBT+ Ph.D.’s shows how direct support from peers, faculty, and identity-based affinity groups were necessary for minoritized physics students to navigate departmental exclusion.

Modeling when and how physics Ph.D. students search for a research group: The role of interests and prior research experiences in timely group integration

Mike Verostek, Casey W. Miller, and Benjamin M. Zwickl

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020119 (2024) - Published 20 September, 2024

Interviews with graduate students selecting research groups indicate both warning and encouraging signals for continued success.

ARTICLES

Video clubs in physics teaching assistant training: Teaching assistants’ experiences

Antti Lehtinen, Sami Lehesvuori, Jussi Maunuksela, Raija Hämäläinen, and Pekka Koskinen

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020101 (2024) - Published 12 July, 2024

Video clubs, where teaching assistants watch and discuss videos for pedagogic development, promoted undertaking teaching practices.

Network analysis of students’ conceptual understanding of mathematical expressions for probability in upper-division quantum mechanics

William D. Riihiluoma, Zeynep Topdemir, and John R. Thompson

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020102 (2024) - Published 15 July, 2024

Students in a spin-first quantum mechanics course make stronger connections between Dirac notation and vectorlike concepts than with wavelike concepts.

Characterizing decision-making opportunities in undergraduate physics coursework

Barron J. Montgomery, Argenta M. Price, and Carl E. Wieman

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020103 (2024) - Published 29 July, 2024

In undergraduate physics courses many decisions that are important for problem solving in the real world either are not encountered or are reduced by being explicitly made for the students.

Evaluation of a new teaching-learning sequence on the particulate nature of matter using crystal structures

Florian Budimaier and Martin Hopf

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020104 (2024) - Published 29 July, 2024

The development and testing of a teaching-learning sequence focused on the particulate nature of matter.

Using a research-based assessment instrument to explore undergraduate students’ proficiencies around measurement uncertainty in physics lab contexts

Gayle Geschwind, Michael Vignal, Marcos D. Caballero, and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020105 (2024) - Published 31 July, 2024

Since students in undergraduate physics labs do not understand why it is important to collect more than one data point, instructors should emphasize why rather than just making minimum requirements without justification.

Network analysis of graduate program support structures through experiences of various demographic groups

Robert P. Dalka and Justyna P. Zwolak

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020106 (2024) - Published 5 August, 2024

A network approach analysis of responses to the aspects of student experience scale identifies important groups of experiences for different demographic groups.

Assessment of conceptual understanding in student learning of evaporation

Yi Zou, Xinyu Xue, Lizhen Jin, Xiao Huang, and Yanbing Li

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020107 (2024) - Published 6 August, 2024

A large study among Chinese junior-high students revealed conceptual difficulties with macroscopic and microscopic models for evaporation.

Investigating and improving student understanding of the basics of quantum computing

Peter Hu, Yangqiuting Li, and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020108 (2024) - Published 6 August, 2024

A tutorial with inquiry-based learning sequences supports students to develop a functional understanding of quantum computing.

Development, evaluation, and gender differences in a novel workshop intervention to narrow the physics gender gap at postcompulsory level

Agata Lynch, Michael Cauchi, and Gráinne Walshe

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020109 (2024) - Published 15 August, 2024

A short single-session workshop for lower secondary students can significantly increase girls self-reported intention to study physics.

Investigating introductory and advanced students’ difficulties with entropy and the second law of thermodynamics using a validated instrument

Mary Jane Brundage, David E. Meltzer, and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020110 (2024) - Published 19 August, 2024

Student confusion about certain aspects of the entropy concept often increase as instruction progresses.

Dynamics of productive confirmation framing in an introductory lab

Ian Descamps, Sophia Jeon, N. G. Holmes, Rachel E. Scherr, and David Hammer

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020111 (2024) - Published 23 August, 2024

Successfully implementing curricula where students engage in doing science requires instructors attend to students and make sense of their behavior.

Exploratory analysis of students’ open-ended responses describing their perception of course inclusivity in an introductory physics course

Vanessa P. Bustamante, Hannah E. Blomgren, Dasha K. Walker, Joshua D. Edwards, and Regina F. Frey

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020112 (2024) - Published 26 August, 2024

Regardless of class size, introductory physics instructors can make instructional choices so that students perceive their their classes to be interactive and collaborative.

Effectiveness of conceptual-framework-based instruction on promoting knowledge integration in learning simple electric circuit

Zengze Liu, Sudong Pan, and Lei Bao

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020113 (2024) - Published 6 September, 2024

Instruction based on the conceptual model is effective in promoting knowledge integration and deep learning.

Evolving study strategies and support structures of introductory physics students

Devyn Shafer, Daniela Girotti-Hernandez, and Tim Stelzer

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020114 (2024) - Published 11 September, 2024

Instructors can improve student exam performance and satisfaction by providing guidance on how to study more effectively.

How women and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer physics doctoral students navigate graduate education: The roles of professional environments and social networks

Justin A. Gutzwa, Ramón S. Barthelemy, Camila Amaral, Madison Swirtz, Adrienne Traxler, and Charles Henderson

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020115 (2024) - Published 12 September, 2024

A qualitative social network analysis of women and/or LGBT+ Ph.D.’s shows how direct support from peers, faculty, and identity-based affinity groups were necessary for minoritized physics students to navigate departmental exclusion.

Reinforcing mindware or supporting cognitive reflection: Testing two strategies for addressing a persistent learning challenge in the context of air resistance

Beth A. Lindsey, Andrew Boudreaux, Drew J. Rosen, MacKenzie R. Stetzer, and Mila Kryjevskaia

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020116 (2024) - Published 16 September, 2024

Once students have a grasp of the relevant physics, focusing instruction on supporting reflection on their thinking processes may be more efficient and effective than attempting to provide enough practice to automatize the correct reasoning.

Development of a global landscape of undergraduate physics laboratory courses

Gayle Geschwind, Micol Alemani, Michael F. J. Fox, P. S. W. M. Logman, Eugenio Tufino, and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020117 (2024) - Published 20 September, 2024

In all physics lab courses studied in 41 countries, students are more likely to use preconstructed apparatuses and often engage in activities that confirm results already learned in a lecture course.

Using drawing to study student research experiences

W. Brian Lane, Daniela Zavala, Gabriella Khazal, and Naomi Laird

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020118 (2024) - Published 20 September, 2024

Student drawings may offer a novel and valuable way to understand and study their experiences as a member of a physics research group.

Modeling when and how physics Ph.D. students search for a research group: The role of interests and prior research experiences in timely group integration

Mike Verostek, Casey W. Miller, and Benjamin M. Zwickl

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020119 (2024) - Published 20 September, 2024

Interviews with graduate students selecting research groups indicate both warning and encouraging signals for continued success.

Undergraduate physics students’ experiences: Exploring the impact of underrepresented identities and intersectionality

D. K. Keblbeck, K. Piatek-Jimenez, and C. Medina Medina

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020120 (2024) - Published 27 September, 2024

Feelings of lack of community and lack of support are frequently experienced by undergraduate physics students with underrepresented identities.

Role of inhibition in overcoming interferences of misconception under similar feature saliency: An eye-tracking study of the projectile motion problem

Yanrou Wen, Jiabei Lin, Yue Ming, Junpeng Zhang, Xianqiu Wu, Lei Bao, Keke Yu, and Yang Xiao

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020121 (2024) - Published 27 September, 2024

To reduce student misconceptions, problem sequences can be used where initial problems are designed to induce misconceptions, while subsequent problems required students to actively suppress these misconceptions.

Unveiling the influence of pedagogical content knowledge in questioning on college students’ conceptual learning of introductory physics

Jianlan Wang, Yuanhua Wang, Beth Thacker, Kyle Wipfli, and Stephanie Hart

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020122 (2024) - Published 30 September, 2024

Learning assistants’ knowledge of questioning correlates with gains in student conceptual understanding.

Departmental case study of physics doctoral students’ perspectives of written qualifying exams

Shiva Basir and Eric Burkholder

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020123 (2024) - Published 30 September, 2024

Interviews with graduate students suggest that building trust and establishing transparency are valuable to successful implementation of qualifying exams.

Evidence for validity and reliability of a research-based assessment instrument on measurement uncertainty

Gayle Geschwind, Michael Vignal, Marcos D. Caballero, and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020125 (2024) - Published 4 October, 2024

The authors provide evidence from the validation and reliability of the Survey of Physics Reasoning on Uncertainty Concepts in Experiments, finding it valid and reliable with undergraduate lab students.

Student attitudes toward quantum information science and technology in a high school outreach program

Michele Darienzo, Angela M. Kelly, Dominik Schneble, and Tzu-Chieh Wei

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020126 (2024) - Published 8 October, 2024

High school students attitudes towards quantum information science and technology show improvement after an outreach program.

Enrollment to exams: Perceived stress dynamics among first-year physics students

Simon Zacharias Lahme, Jasper Ole Cirkel, Larissa Hahn, Julia Hofmann, Josefine Neuhaus, Susanne Schneider, and Pascal Klein

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020127 (2024) - Published 9 October, 2024

Introductory physics students perceive their stress levels to be moderately and consistently high throughout the academic semester.

Student conceptual resources for understanding electric circuits

Lauren C. Bauman, Brynna Hansen, Lisa M. Goodhew, and Amy D. Robertson

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020128 (2024) - Published 11 October, 2024

Students have many generative ideas for making sense of electric circuits, and instruction can help refine these ideas towards more general and powerful models.

Assessment of knowledge integration in student learning of galvanic cell: An interdisciplinary approach connecting physics and chemistry

Dewei Ye, Jiali Qian, Wangyi Xu, Yuyang Lu, Shuli Wang, Longhai Xiao, and Lei Bao

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020129 (2024) - Published 15 October, 2024

It is important to provide physics students with explanatory mechanisms to help them develop a coherent knowledge system that supports meaningful reasoning within the area of study.

Contributing factors to the improvement of conceptual understanding in a computer-based intervention in Newtonian dynamics

Jannis Weber and Thomas Wilhelm

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020130 (2024) - Published 15 October, 2024

Students’ level of mathematics knowledge is not necessary to be successful in gaining conceptual understanding in Newtonian dynamics using either computational modeling or video motion analysis.

Interactive homework to support student learning of measurement uncertainty in quantum mechanics

Gina Passante and Antje Kohnle

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020131 (2024) - Published 16 October, 2024

A simulation-homework activity helps students distinguish between quantum mechanical and instrumental uncertainty by modifying the quantum state, improving the experimental setup, and collecting more data.

Person-centered and qualitative approaches to network analysis in physics education research

Adrienne L. Traxler, Camila Mani Dias do Amaral, Charles Henderson, Evan LaForge, Chase Hatcher, Madison Swirtz, and Ramón Barthelemy

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020132 (2024) - Published 21 October, 2024

Egocentric approaches to network analysis offer many options for extending beyond the boundaries of a single course or for considering widely separated individuals.

Mathematical structures in quantum physics education for high school students: Unveiling the power of Dirac notation for conceptual and problem-solving proficiency

Avraham Merzel, Efraim Yehuda Weissman, Nadav Katz, and Igal Galili

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020134 (2024) - Published 28 October, 2024

Proficiency of high school students in interpreting, producing, and manipulating Dirac notation in quantum physics.

Student reasoning about quantum mechanics while working with physical experiments

Victoria Borish and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020135 (2024) - Published 28 October, 2024

Think-aloud lab sessions highlight the use of quantum optics experiments to help students reason through particle-wave duality and distinguish between classical and quantum behavior.

Design and evaluation of a questionnaire to assess learners’ understanding of quantum measurement in different two-state contexts: The context matters

Philipp Bitzenbauer, Sergej Faletič, Marisa Michelini, Kristóf Tóth, and Gesche Pospiech

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020136 (2024) - Published 29 October, 2024

A questionnaire on quantum measurement shows that teaching quantum mechanics with certain two-state approaches helps students learn quantum concepts.

Pedagogical moves related to analogy that support a unified understanding of eigentheory concepts in a quantum mechanics class

Kaitlyn Stephens Serbin and Megan Wawro

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020137 (2024) - Published 30 October, 2024

This paper explores the use of analogical reasoning to develop student understanding of eigentheory concepts across contexts using examples from class observations.

Comparison and AI-based prediction of graph comprehension skills based on the visual strategies of first-year physics and medicine students

Verena Ruf, Yavuz Dinc, Stefan Küchemann, Markus Berndt, Steffen Steinert, Daniela Kugelmann, Jonathan Bortfeldt, Jörg Schreiber, Martin R. Fischer, and Jochen Kuhn

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020138 (2024) - Published 4 November, 2024

Eye tracking was predictive of accuracy in during graph comprehension tasks among both physics and medical students.

Challenges in sensemaking and reasoning in the context of degenerate perturbation theory in quantum mechanics

Christof Keebaugh, Emily Marshman, and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020139 (2024) - Published 5 November, 2024

This study of student sense-making and reasoning in degenerate perturbation theory finds key challenges like self-monitoring and coordinating physics and math principles.

Concept image framework for derivatives from contour graphs

Paul J. Emigh and Corinne A. Manogue

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020140 (2024) - Published 6 November, 2024

An investigation of student understanding of the contour graph.in the context of electrostatics and thermodynamics.

Analysis of students’ conceptual change in learning Newton’s third law with an integrated framework of model analysis and knowledge integration

Yi Ding, Guangtian Zhu, Qiuxin Bian, and Lei Bao

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020141 (2024) - Published 7 November, 2024

Model analysis can identify heterogeneity in conceptual development and provide instructional insights to target conceptual development.

Importance of accounting for student identities and intersectionality for creating equitable and inclusive physics learning environments

Lisabeth Marie Santana and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020142 (2024) - Published 7 November, 2024

Physics faculty and administrators should use their positions to implement positive institutional changes and create a supportive environment for traditionally marginalized students.

Extending curricular analytics to analyze undergraduate physics programs

John Hansen, Amanda Nemeth, and John Stewart

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020143 (2024) - Published 8 November, 2024

Curricular analytics is a valuable tool to allow a physics department to examine the potential effects of proposed curricular changes.

Grading assistance for a handwritten thermodynamics exam using artificial intelligence: An exploratory study

Gerd Kortemeyer, Julian Nöhl, and Daria Onishchuk

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020144 (2024) - Published 12 November, 2024

Using Large Language Models for automated grading of handwritten physics exams is extremely promising, but some problems still remain.

Analysis of pseudoscientific beliefs in quantum mechanics of high school students and teachers

Walter Sciarretta, Maria Bondani, Silvia Galano, Massimiliano Malgieri, Pasquale Onorato, and Italo Testa

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020145 (2024) - Published 22 November, 2024

Students who have more trust in science and public authorities are less likely to endorse pseudoscientific beliefs related to quantum mechanics.

Physics teachers’ professional development on measurement uncertainty: A commognitive approach

Ofek Sivan, David Perl-Nussbaum, and Edit Yerushalmi

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020146 (2024) - Published 25 November, 2024

Using a ‘commognitive’ approach - where participants become members of a discourse community - the authors created a professional development program and used the commognitive framework to analyze it.

Introducing quantum physics concepts and Dirac notation at the secondary school level: Insights into student reasoning from an acceptance survey

Fabian Hennig, Kristóf Tóth, Joaquin Veith, and Philipp Bitzenbauer

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020147 (2024) - Published 26 November, 2024

This paper reports on successes and remaining challenges with teaching a reduced Dirac notation to secondary students.

Conceptual framework for understanding empathy in physics faculty

Alia Hamdan, Ash Bista, Scott Franklin, and Dina Newman

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020148 (2024) - Published 2 December, 2024

A theoretical model is proposed to explain how physics faculty develop empathy through two pathways: cognitive reflection and affective experience.

Improving student understanding of the number of distinct many-particle states for a system of identical particles with a fixed number of available single-particle states

Christof Keebaugh, Emily Marshman, and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020149 (2024) - Published 5 December, 2024

Upper-level undergraduate and graduate students share many common difficulties related their understanding of systems of identical particles with a fixed number of available single-particle states.

Leveraging scientific modeling to engage pre-med undergraduates in physics lab courses

Madeline Harmer, Adam Bennion, Alexandra M. Hopps-McDaniel, Jeannette Lawler, and Nathan Powers

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020150 (2024) - Published 13 December, 2024

For pre-med undergraduate physics students, engaging in scientific modeling can significantly enhance learning when labs are effectively scaffolded and aligned with real-world medical applications.

Using text embeddings for deductive qualitative research at scale in physics education

Tor Ole B. Odden, Halvor Tyseng, Jonas Timmann Mjaaland, Markus Fleten Kreutzer, and Anders Malthe-Sørenssen

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020151 (2024) - Published 20 December, 2024

Text embeddings are a novel technique for natural language processing, which is used to analyze Physics Education Research Conference proceedings.

Using multiple representations to improve student understanding of quantum states

Emily Marshman, Alexandru Maries, and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020152 (2024) - Published 23 December, 2024

Many students in upper-level undergraduate and graduate quantum mechanics courses have difficulty translating state vectors in Dirac notation to wavefunctions in the position or momentum representation and vice versa.

Examination of students’ quantum physics knowledge construction with peers and metacognitive evaluations

Nilüfer Didiş Körhasan and Gesche Pospiech

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020153 (2024) - Published 26 December, 2024

In introductory quantum mechanics courses, peer discussions can support students to develop a functional understanding of physics by cultivating reasoning skills and practicing the interpretation of physical formalism

Quantum information science and technology professional learning for secondary science, technology, engineering, and mathematics teachers

Angela M. Kelly, Michele Darienzo, Tzu-Chieh Wei, and Dominik Schneble

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020154 (2024) - Published 31 December, 2024

A professional learning model shows promise in strengthening teachers’ self-confidence in pedagogical content knowledge of quantum ideas so they may facilitate student engagement in quantum information science

REVIEW ARTICLES

Empirical insights into the effects of research-based teaching strategies in quantum education

Anna Donhauser, Philipp Bitzenbauer, Linda Qerimi, Stefan Heusler, Stefan Küchemann, Jochen Kuhn, and Malte S. Ubben

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 20, 020601 (2024) - Published 4 December, 2024

This synthesis article reviews 50 studies that demonstrate effective teaching activities for quantum mechanics.

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