In strongly correlated multiband systems, such as intermetallics, heavy fermions, and Kondo insulators, electron-electron interactions lead to the damping of electronic quasiparticles at finite temperatures. This phenomenon results in an effective dehybridization between the electrons in the large conduction band and those in the narrow, correlated band. The dehybridization effect has been employed to explain the temperature dependence of several physical properties of intermetallics, heavy fermions, and actinide compounds. Recent insights from the theory of non-Hermitian systems provide a novel perspective on this problem. In this work, we adopt this viewpoint through a renormalization group (RG) approach. We derive RG equations for a one-dimensional two-band model to identify the exceptional points of this system and to characterize its topological properties. Our findings reveal that for a topological, non-Hermitian particle-hole-symmetric chain, dehybridization can be interpreted as a topological phase transition, characterized by critical exponents that we calculate. We discuss the nature of the energy scale for dehybridization in the context of the phase diagram of heavy fermions.

We provide an operational interpretation of the multivariate Rényi divergence in terms of economic-theoretic tasks based on betting, risk aversion, and multiple lotteries. Specifically, we show that the multivariate Rényi divergence $D_{\underline{\alpha }}\left({\vec{P}}_X\right)$ of probability distributions ${\vec{P}}_X=(p_X^{\left(0\right)},...,p_X^{\left(d\right)})$ and real-valued orders $\underline{\alpha }=({\alpha }_0,...,{\alpha }_d)$ quantifies the economic-theoretic value that a rational agent assigns to $d$ lotteries with odds $o_X^{\left(k\right)}\propto {\left(p_X^{\left(k\right)}\right)}^{-1}$ ($k=1,...,d$) on a random event described by $p_X^{\left(0\right)}$. In particular, when the odds are fair and the rational agent is allowed to maximize over all betting strategies, the economic-theoretic value (precisely, the isoelastic certainty equivalent) that the agent assigns to the lotteries is exactly given by $w_{\underline{R}}^{\mathrm{ICE}}=exp\left[D_{\underline{\alpha }}\left({\vec{P}}_X\right)\right]$, where $\underline{R}=(R_1,...,R_d)$ is a risk-aversion vector with $R_k=1+{\alpha }_k/{\alpha }_0$ being the risk-aversion parameter associated with lottery $k$. Furthermore, we introduce a conditional multivariate Rényi divergence that characterizes a generalized scenario where the rational agent is allowed to have access to side information. We prove that this quantity satisfies a data processing inequality that can be interpreted as the increment in the economic-theoretic value provided by side information; crucially, we show that such a data processing inequality is a consequence of the agent's economic-theoretically consistent risk-averse attitude toward every lottery and vice versa. Moreover, we demonstrate the applicability of these results to the resource theory of informative measurements within the operational framework of general probabilistic theories encompassing quantum theory. By establishing quantitative connections between information theory, physical theories, and theories from economics, our framework provides an operational foundation for quantum state betting games with multiple lotteries in the realm of quantum resource theories.

High-entropy alloy superconductors, characterized by extreme chemical disorder and complex electronic environments, have attracted significant attention as model systems for exploring superconductivity in disordered materials. Here, we investigate a Cr-based equiatomic high-entropy alloy, Cr-V-Ti-Nb-Ta, which contains a magnetic $3d$ element, providing an opportunity to examine the influence of magnetic elements on superconductivity in highly disordered systems. Despite expected magnetic pair breaking, this alloy exhibits bulk type-II superconductivity with a transition temperature of $T_c=2.33\left(3\right)\mathrm{K}$ and a high upper critical field. Transverse-field $\mu \mathrm{SR}$ measurements reveal an $s$-wave superconducting gap close to the BCS value, while zero-field $\mu \mathrm{SR}$ suggests preserved time-reversal symmetry. These results establish Cr-V-Ti-Nb-Ta as a promising platform for exploring the interplay between disorder, magnetism, and superconductivity in high-entropy alloys.

Two types of coherent population transfer are developed using nonresonant intense ultrashort optical pulses. Transition-restricted wave-packet interference (WPI) achieves almost complete population transfer to the nearest state from the initial state. High-intensity optical-field population transfer between eigenstates (HOPE) also enables state-selective excitation of higher-lying states, exhibiting features of ac Stark-induced multiphoton Rabi oscillation and multipulse WPI. Experimentally, rotational excitation of nitric oxide from $J=1/2$ to $J=3/2$ via restricted WPI, and to $J=5/2, 7/2$, and $9/2$ via HOPE, was demonstrated with respective efficiencies of 90%, 85%, 70%, and 17%.

Active turbulence in overdamped chiral systems presents a complex challenge, namely, the frequent exhibition of nonuniversal spectral scaling, creating large-scale coherent structuring that seemingly defies standard inertial fluid descriptions. In this study, we investigate the hydrodynamic limit of a two-dimensional polar chiral active fluid modeled as an ensemble of locally coupled, motile Kuramoto-Sakaguchi oscillators. By introducing a renormalized fluid element (RFE) operator, we coarse-grain microscopic phase singularities, and in so doing, we isolate the macroscopic transport dynamics. We demonstrate that while the raw phase field consistently exhibit a steep, dissipative energy spectrum, associated with enstrophy injection at the microscale, the RFE-filtered field reveals a dual behavior characterized by an inverse energy cascade. When the intrinsic frequency dispersion, drawn from a scale-free power-law distribution, is broad enough to seed fluctuations at all resolved scales, this hidden cascade acts akin to a topological heat pump, driving the system toward a state of macroscopic vortex clustering, structurally analogous to supersonic shallow water dynamics. Conversely, a narrow frequency dispersion results in kinetic arrest, forming an active vortex glass. These results suggest that overdamped phase-slaved active matter can sustain effective inertial cascades, providing a mathematical framework for understanding scale-dependent energy transport in driven chiral systems.

Low-energy effective theories provide a natural description of four-dimensional physics in higher-dimensional geometries, where the imprint of the bulk geometry appears as parameters of the lower-dimensional theory. Inspired by the Damour-Esposito-Farése model of spontaneous scalarization in first-generation scalar-tensor theories of gravity, we investigate the possibility of tachyonic instability and spontaneous scalarization in braneworld scenarios. We consider the two-brane Randall-Sundrum (RS) model where the low-energy effective theory on either brane is of scalar-tensor nature with the extra-dimensional radion playing the role of the scalar. We have determined the possibilities for tachyonic (in)stability of the radion field on either brane in three scenarios: the RS model with fine-tuning conditions in which the potential of the radion field vanishes identically, the RS model without fine-tunings where the radion potential arises purely from the gravity sector, and the RS model with a bulk stabilizing field that generates a radion potential with a minimum. With the bulk stabilizing field, we have found that on-brane matter with $T>0$ changes the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the radion, destroying the resolution of the gauge hierarchy problem, whereas on-brane matter with $T<0$ does not alter the stability and VEV of the radion. We further determined the exact condition of tachyonic (in)stability of radion field with the on-brane ${\mathrm{dS}}_4$ and ${\mathrm{AdS}}_4$ geometries.

The influence of plasma on the evolution of scattering singularities in microwave cavities remains largely unexplored, despite its importance for controlling reflectionless plasma excitation. In this work, we investigate the evolution of scattering singularities in a plasma-loaded microwave cavity. To analyze this complex interaction, a numerical model describing an experimental cavity containing a plasma tube is developed. This model enables the tracking of singularity evolution across various plasma configurations and explains the underlying physical mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that significant changes in the imaginary frequency of these singularities occur under two specific conditions: high collision frequency associated with optimal electron densities or high electron densities associated with optimal collision frequency. Furthermore, in the collisionless regime, we show that the variation of the real frequency increases due to the excitation of a transverse plasmonic resonance inside the plasma tube.

This study presents a mathematical model of the spatial and rotational motion of a nanodiamond in an inverted harmonic potential to create a macroscopic quantum spatial superposition. The model is based on the Stern-Gerlach interferometer scheme, which utilizes linear and quadratic magnetic fields to generate a harmonic potential (linear magnetic field) and a nonlinear potential (nonlinear/quadratic magnetic field). By incorporating two-dimensional dynamics into the model, we provide a more realistic and accurate depiction of nanoparticle dynamics in linear and inverted harmonic potentials and explore the interaction between motion in a two-dimensional plane. Importantly, we derive the equations of motion for the rotational degrees of freedom, i.e., libration, precession, and rotation. The results show that adding a magnetic-field bias term to the magnetic-field profile in the linear stage affects the classical equations of motion but does not affect the width of the wave packet. Moreover, the libration mode always forms a harmonic potential at each stage because the applied initial angular velocity is dominated by the nanoparticle's defect axis, making it more stable in the presence of the trap frequency in the orthogonal direction along the axis that enables the creation of a macroscopic quantum superposition.

We study a harmonic oscillator weakly coupled to a thermal bath and evolving under the standard quantum-optical master equation. For zero-mean Gaussian states, entropy alone does not determine the internal energy because the latter also depends on nonequilibrium Gaussian structure. We show, however, that thermal relaxation yields the exact representation $E=E(S,\dot{S})$ for every mixed Gaussian state evolving under this thermal quantum-optical master equation. Explicitly, $E(S,\dot{S})=\frac{\omega \nu \left(S\right)}{{\nu }_{\mathrm{th}}}[\nu \left(S\right)+\frac{\dot{S}}{\gamma S^{\prime }\left(\nu \left(S\right)\right)}].$ Once the thermal Gorini–Kossakowski–Lindblad–Sudarshan equation is assumed, no further expansion in the damping rate, entropy rate, or distance from equilibrium is made. The entropy rate is not an alternative instantaneous state coordinate: It depends on the open-system dynamics and therefore carries information about the coupling to the bath. This is exposed by the isolated limit, where $\dot{S}=0$ for all Gaussian states and the representation no longer determines the energy. The result thus identifies an exact thermalization-induced dynamical energetic relation, distinct from rate dependence generated by an external driving protocol. We also describe an operational test based on time-resolved purity and energy measurements. At fixed frequency, the bath only relaxes preexisting squeezing. We therefore also consider frequency modulation, which can drive an initially thermal state away from the instantaneous Gibbs family by generating off-Gibbs Gaussian structure. Within a local Gaussian continuation, the bath then relaxes this driven deformation, providing a dynamical realization of the entropy-rate dependence.

The dynamical response of amorphous solids is expected to be inhomogeneous due to the absence of translational symmetry, unlike in crystals. In this work, we use Green's function method combined with the Hessian matrix from simulation data to characterize the vibrational inhomogeneity of a two-dimensional amorphous solid. We define an order parameter for vibrational inhomogeneity, the frequency-resolved participation ratio, which equals a constant value of 1 over all frequencies for a crystal, while being around $\sim 0.7$ for almost the entire frequency range in an amorphous solid, thus indicating a similar level of vibrational inhomogeneity across most of the frequency range. The spatial distribution of vibrational inhomogeneity in the amorphous solid is presented in three ways: by frequency, at the particle level, and via percolation analysis, all showing that the vibrational inhomogeneity is fragmented and occurs at the particle scale. The results suggest that the Green's function method is a convenient tool for probing vibrational inhomogeneity and provide an alternative perspective on the role of vibrational inhomogeneity in amorphous solids.

Simulating chemical reactions on quantum computers has the potential to offer insight that cannot be gained practically from conventional quantum-chemical approaches on classical computers. This is because quantum computing provides a platform for efficient, high-level electronic structure calculations that approach the full configuration interaction (FCI) limit. Herein, we apply the cascaded variational quantum eigensolver (CVQE) algorithm to simulate the unimolecular dissociation of fluoromethane (${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{F}$) by two pathways: (1) ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{F}\to {\mathrm{CH}}_2+\mathrm{HF}$ and (2) ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{F}\to \mathrm{CHF}+{\mathrm{H}}_2$. We compare the results of CVQE calculations performed on the ibm_torino quantum computer to configuration interaction benchmarks run on a classical computer. Our results demonstrate that CVQE predicts lower energies than classical configuration interaction with singles, doubles, and triples for all geometries considered, and achieves chemical accuracy relative to FCI in nearly all cases. This suggests that quantum computing with CVQE can provide high-level electronic structure information for chemical reactions and other cases that require the simulation of multiple geometries.

We treat the mechanics of point particles as a one-dimensional general-relativistic gauge field theory, which may be referred to as mechanical field theory (MFT), exploiting the bundle geometry of mechanical field space (MFS). The diffeomorphism covariance of MFT encodes its relational character, arising—as in all general-relativistic physics—via the conjunction of a hole and a point-coincidence argument. Any putative “boundary problem,” meaning the claim that “spacetime” boundaries break diffeomorphism and gauge symmetries, thereby dissolves. It is highlighted that the standard path integral (PI) on the MFS, the exact analog of the PI used in gauge field theory, is conceptually and technically distinct from the standard PI of quantum mechanics. We then use the dressing field method to give a manifestly invariant and relational reformulation of MFT, which reproduces the standard textbook formulation when a clock field is chosen as a (natural) dressing field. The dressed, or basic, PI on the MFS, defining relational quantization—i.e., the quantization of invariant relational degree of freedom—is shown to reproduce the standard PI of quantum mechanics. This establishes the soundness of relational quantization as a general guiding principle: We outline it for general-relativistic gauge field theories.

The square lattice Ising model under the Brascamp-Kunz boundary conditions is a well-known exactly solvable lattice model. The exact solution of this system has been derived within the framework of Pfaffian-type method. In this paper, we provide a derivation for the solution by the Schultz-Mattis-Lieb method in the transfer matrix formalism. We set special interactions on the boundaries and take certain limit of these interactions, so that the system under the Brascamp-Kunz boundary conditions is transformed into another system under the toroidal boundary conditions. The Schultz-Mattis-Lieb method is applied to the mapping system and the partition function is exactly solved in the fermionic representation. The Fisher zeros are analytically calculated and the physical critical point is identified. We also discuss the difference between the transfer matrix approaches to the Brascamp-Kunz and to the toroidal boundary conditions. Our work introduces a member to the family of transfer-matrix-based studies for Ising model under various boundary conditions.

Evaporating a droplet containing dispersed colloids leaves behind a dried deposit whose shape is determined by capillary flows and the resulting particle transport. The classical coffee-ring effect occurs when an outward radial flow drives particles toward the droplet’s contact line as the droplet evaporates, resulting in uneven deposition. This deposition is often studied in dilute concentration regimes where, hydrodynamically, the effects of particle shape are unimportant. As particle concentration increases, it is expected that particle anisotropy should play a larger role in modifying transport and potentially suppressing coffee-ring formation. We present experiments isolating the effects of particle shape, concentration, and density, as well as solvent temperature, on the geometry of the ring deposit. By analyzing the deposits using surface profilometry to more accurately characterize ring widths, these experiments show that coffee-ring formation is independent of particle anisotropy and is instead controlled by the ratio of the particle sedimentation velocity to the velocity of the droplet’s evaporating air-water interface. Hydrodynamic simulations support this finding by providing quantitative estimates for bulk sedimentation velocity. Together, these results offer a unified picture of how multiple physical parameters determine coffee-ring geometry with direct implications for suppressing uneven deposition in practical applications.

Traversable wormhole teleportation in the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model links quantum channel integrity directly to black hole interior dynamics: The teleportation fidelity is a boundary-accessible probe of the many-body scrambling that underlies the holographic wormhole. We subject the SYK boundary to a gravitational-wave (GW)-inspired periodic Floquet deformation, constructed from the lowest-dimension bilinear sector of the ${\mathrm{SYK}}_4$ interaction and motivated by the Jackiw-Teitelboim-gravity holographic dictionary, and characterize the channel response via exact numerical time evolution with disorder averaging at $\beta J=2$. The drive produces a coherent, frequency-selective fidelity suppression, validated by reoptimization under drive to separate genuine effects from calibration mismatch with four main results: (1) two distinct amplitude regimes separated near $\varepsilon \sim J$, a perturbative sensing regime and a nonperturbative strong-drive regime; (2) the channel acts as a natural low-pass filter, most sensitive at $\omega \lesssim {\beta }^{-1}$ with monotone recovery above the thermal scale; (3) an inspiral chirp drive displaces the fidelity peak to later readout times (by $\mathrm{\Delta }{t}_{\mathrm{scr}}^{\left(\mathrm{fid}\right)}=+0.11J^{-1}$, a subgrid displacement), and an out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC) diagnostic under a monochromatic drive independently resolves a scrambling delay of the same sign ($\mathrm{\Delta }{t}_{\mathrm{scr}}^{\left(\mathrm{OTOC}\right)}=+0.20J^{-1}$ at $\varepsilon =0.20J, +0.85J^{-1}$ at $\varepsilon =0.50J$), with the delay growing monotonically with drive amplitude; (4) the drive-induced fidelity suppression is nonzero and shows no systematic decrease across $N\in \{10,12,14,16\}$ Majorana modes, and is resolved above the disorder noise at three of the four system sizes. These results establish that holographic teleportation channels degrade gracefully and can be diagnosed via GW-inspired metriclike boundary deformations, with direct implications for near-term quantum-processor implementations of traversable wormhole protocols.

We investigate the detectability of gravitational wave modes (emitted by black holes and neutron stars) by third-generation, ground-based gravitational wave detectors planned to be operational in the next decade. Our analysis focuses on the Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope projects, which are expected to have arm lengths of tens of kilometers and to experience the amplification of a gravitational wave signal at their free spectral range frequencies. We find that both projects will also observe with good signal-to-noise ratio the elusive w-modes, which are expected to be emitted at these frequencies by spinning neutron stars.

In loop quantum cosmology (LQC), the initial singularity is replaced by a quantum bounce, leading to a universal postbounce evolution characterized by three distinct epochs: bouncing, transition, and slow-roll inflation, before the hot big-bang universe starts. While the generic nature of inflation in the presence of an inflaton field in LQC is well established, the subsequent reheating phase—the process that thermalizes the universe and marks the beginning of the hot big bang—has remained unexplored in this quantum gravitational framework. This paper presents the first comprehensive integration of the (generalized) reheating mechanism into the LQC paradigm. Using the power law plateau potential and comparing predictions with the latest Planck 2018 and ACT 2025 data, we demonstrate that the inclusion of a reheating phase with a generic equation of state is fully consistent with the cosmological constraints. In addition, using the observational data for the amplitude and spectral index of the scalar perturbations and the tensor-to-scalar ratio, we also constrain the total number of e-folds from the bounce to the present day and find a lower bound, which is less constrained than that obtained previously from the fitting of the high-$l$ cosmic microwave background temperature power spectrum (TT), the polarization data (TT, TE, EE), and the low-$l$ polarization data (lowP). We also show that at the horizon crossing, there exist six independent algebraic equations, which uniquely determine six physical parameters, once the amplitude and the power spectral index of the pivot mode of the scalar perturbations are provided. Three of the six parameters form a complete set of the initial conditions at the horizon crossing and uniquely determine the entire evolution of the universe, including both the pre- and postbounce phases, through the modified Friedmann and Klein-Gordon equations of LQC. This is sharply in contrast to the case without considering the reheating phase.

Energy transfer and light emission behavior at subwavelength scales are governed by near-field interactions between an emitter and its surrounding refractive-index environment, which can modify emission at the nanoscale and influence the far-field response in devices such as solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, we analyze light emission in a spherical structure using a classical point dipole model with emphasis on how near-field interactions affect the spontaneous emission rate, as quantified by the Purcell factor. The system is studied under two refractive-index configurations: (1) an abrupt transition from an inner sphere to the surrounding medium and (2) a gradual transition with a graded refractive index, considered for both nonabsorbing and absorbing surrounding media. Our findings show that, within the fixed-amplitude dipole considered here, even a strong increase in near-field absorption does not lead to a comparable reduction in the far-field emission. In this model, the source supplies the additional power required to compensate for such near-field losses. This distinction between near-field enhancement and radiated power to the far field is important, for example, in studies of photon recycling in semiconductors and other optoelectronic devices, where both near-field absorption and radiative emission are present. An abrupt transition in the refractive index produces repeated peaks in the Purcell factor as a function of the inner sphere radius, whereas a graded refractive index smooths these peaks. In a graded system, with increasing grading thickness, the Purcell factor converges to the refractive index of the inner sphere when the grading thickness reaches the order of the wavelength. This behavior indicates that, even when the inner sphere has a higher refractive index than the surrounding medium, the emission is not limited by the surrounding refractive index. Thus, a graded refractive-index profile provides a viable strategy for mitigating reflection losses in emission. These insights are valuable for designing photon out-coupling and photon-recycling schemes and offer a pathway for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices, including solar cells and LEDs.