3 August, 2026
Measuring fluid velocities in rapidly rotating, thermally driven flows is challenging because conventional particle-tracking methods can be impractical, especially in planetary fluid dynamics experiments involving curved boundaries. Researchers address this problem with a new thermal image velocimetry (TIV) formulation, which uses dense optical flow to track evolving free-surface temperature patterns instead of suspended particles. The approach provides accurate velocity measurements while circumventing many of the optical constraints of traditional visualization methods, thus, broadening the experimental toolkit for probing the complex dynamics of rotating convective turbulence.