Volume 79, Issue 11

15 September 1997

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LETTERS

General Physics

What Determines the Spreading of a Wave Packet?

R. Ketzmerick, K. Kruse, S. Kraut, and T. Geisel

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1959 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Reversible Decoherence of a Mesoscopic Superposition of Field States

J. M. Raimond, M. Brune, and S. Haroche

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1964 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Gravitation and Astrophysics

Gravitational Lensing Signature of Long Cosmic Strings

Andrew A. de Laix, Lawrence M. Krauss, and Tanmay Vachaspati

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1968 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Selection Rules for Splitting Strings

Ana Achúcarro and Ruth Gregory

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1972 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Elementary Particles and Fields

Gauge Invariance, Finite Temperature, and Parity Anomaly in $D = 3$

S. Deser, L. Griguolo, and D. Seminara

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1976 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Induced Parity-Breaking Term at Finite Temperature

C. D. Fosco, G. L. Rossini, and F. A. Schaposnik

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1980 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Creation of Fundamental Strings by Crossing Dirichlet Branes

Ulf Danielsson, Gabriele Ferretti, and Igor R. Klebanov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1984 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Electron Electric Dipole Moment from $CP$ Violation in the Charged Higgs Sector

David Bowser-Chao, Darwin Chang, and Wai-Yee Keung

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1988 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

First Observation of the All-Hadronic Decay of $t \bar{t}$ Pairs

F. Abe et al. (CDF Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1992 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Unquenching the Scalar Glueball

M. Boglione and M. R. Pennington

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1998 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Nuclear Physics

$g$ Factor of a Magnetic-Rotational Band Head in $^{193} Pb$

S. Chmel, F. Brandolini, R. V. Ribas, G. Baldsiefen, A. Görgen, M. De Poli, P. Pavan, and H. Hübel

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2002 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

$Δ I = 4$ Bifurcation in Ground Bands of Even-Even Nuclei and the Interacting Boson Model

Hiroshi Toki and Lian-Ao Wu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2006 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Where is the Scissors Mode Strength in Odd-Mass Nuclei?

J. Enders, N. Huxel, P. von Neumann-Cosel, and A. Richter

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2010 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Adiabatic Quantum Tunneling in Heavy-Ion Sub-barrier Fusion

K. Hagino, N. Takigawa, M. Dasgupta, D. J. Hinde, and J. R. Leigh

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2014 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Ionization of Na Rydberg Atoms by Subpicosecond Quarter-Cycle Circularly Polarized Pulses

T. J. Bensky, G. Haeffler, and R. R. Jones

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2018 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Strong-Field Dissociation and Ionization of ${H_{2}}^{+}$ Using Ultrashort Laser Pulses

G. N. Gibson, M. Li, C. Guo, and J. Neira

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2022 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Siegert Pseudo-States as a Universal Tool: Resonances, $S$ Matrix, Green Function

Oleg I. Tolstikhin, Valentin N. Ostrovsky, and Hiroki Nakamura

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2026 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Charge State Dependent Energy Loss of Slow Heavy Ions in Solids

T. Schenkel, M. A. Briere, A. V. Barnes, A. V. Hamza, K. Bethge, H. Schmidt-Böcking, and D. H. Schneider

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2030 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Intra-atomic Double Scattering of Binary Encounter Electrons in Collisions of Fast Heavy Ions with Atoms and Molecules

U. Bechthold, S. Hagmann, J. Ullrich, B. Bathelt, A. Bohris, R. Moshammer, U. Ramm, C. Bhalla, G. Kraft, and H. Schmidt-Böcking

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2034 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Novel Structures for the Excess Electron State of the Water Hexamer and the Interaction Forces Governing the Structures

Sik Lee, Jongseob Kim, Sang Joo Lee, and Kwang S. Kim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2038 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Spatial Soliton Pixels in Semiconductor Devices

M. Brambilla, L. A. Lugiato, F. Prati, L. Spinelli, and W. J. Firth

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2042 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Nonlinear Dynamics, Fluid Dynamics, Classical Optics, Etc.

Infrared Seeded Parametric Four-Wave Mixing for Sensitive Detection of Molecules

Mark J. Fernée, Peter F. Barker, Alan. E. W. Knight, and Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2046 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Invariants for Correlations of Velocity Differences in Turbulent Fields

Victor S. L'vov, Evgenii Podivilov, and Itamar Procaccia

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2050 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Plasma and Beam Physics

Suprathermal Electron Generation and Channel Formation by an Ultrarelativistic Laser Pulse in an Underdense Preformed Plasma

G. Malka, J. Fuchs, F. Amiranoff, S. D. Baton, R. Gaillard, J. L. Miquel, H. Pépin, C. Rousseaux, G. Bonnaud, M. Busquet, and L. Lours

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2053 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Influence of Plasma Shape on Transport in the TCV Tokamak

J.-M. Moret, S. Franke, H. Weisen, M. Anton, R. Behn, B. P. Duval, F. Hofmann, B. Joye, Y. Martin, C. Nieswand, Z. A. Pietrzyk, and W. van Toledo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2057 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Condensed Matter: Structure, Etc.

Nanoclusters in Zeolite

Pascale Armand, Marie-Louise Saboungi, D. L. Price, L. Iton, Cornelia Cramer, and M. Grimsditch

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2061 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Morphology and Stability of Growing Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

Young-Kyun Kwon, Young Hee Lee, Seong-Gon Kim, Philippe Jund, David Tománek, and Richard E. Smalley

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2065 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Direct Evidence for Tetrahedral Interstitial Er in Si

U. Wahl, A. Vantomme, J. De Wachter, R. Moons, G. Langouche, J. G. Marques, and J. G. Correia (ISOLDE Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2069 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Phonon Instabilities in fcc and bcc Tungsten

K. Einarsdotter, B. Sadigh, G. Grimvall, and V. Ozoliņš

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2073 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Length Scale of Cooperativity in the Dynamic Glass Transition

M. Arndt, R. Stannarius, H. Groothues, E. Hempel, and F. Kremer

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2077 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Possible Chiral Phase Transition in Two-Dimensional Solid $^{3} He$

Tsutomu Momoi, Kenn Kubo, and Koji Niki

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2081 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Interface Structures of Ordered Fe and Gd Overlayers on W(110) from Photoelectron Diffraction

E. D. Tober, R. X. Ynzunza, F. J. Palomares, Z. Wang, Z. Hussain, M. A. Van Hove, and C. S. Fadley

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2085 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, Etc.

Exact Kohn-Sham Exchange Potential in Semiconductors

M. Städele, J. A. Majewski, P. Vogl, and A. Görling

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2089 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

In Situ Band Gap Engineering of Carbon Nanotubes

Vincent H. Crespi, Marvin L. Cohen, and Angel Rubio

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2093 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Kondo Insulator: $p$ -wave Bose Condensate of Excitons

Ji-Min Duan, Daniel P. Arovas, and L. J. Sham

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2097 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Chemical Potential Shift in Overdoped and Underdoped ${La}_{2 - x} {Sr}_{x} {CuO}_{4}$

A. Ino, T. Mizokawa, A. Fujimori, K. Tamasaku, H. Eisaki, S. Uchida, T. Kimura, T. Sasagawa, and K. Kishio

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2101 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Finite Bias Anomaly in the Subgap Conductance of Superconductor-GaAs Junctions

W. Poirier, D. Mailly, and M. Sanquer

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2105 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Massless Dirac Fermions, Gauge Fields, and Underdoped Cuprates

Don H. Kim, Patrick A. Lee, and Xiao-Gang Wen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2109 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Anisotropic Resistivities of Precisely Oxygen Controlled Single-Crystal ${Bi}_{2} {Sr}_{2} {CaCu}_{2} O_{8 + δ}$ : Systematic Study on ``Spin Gap'' Effect

T. Watanabe, T. Fujii, and A. Matsuda

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2113 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Cross-Disciplinary Physics

Self-Sorting of White Blood Cells in a Lattice

Robert H. Carlson, Christopher V. Gabel, Shirley S. Chan, Robert H. Austin, James P. Brody, and James W. Winkelman

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2149 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

Optimal Quantum Cloning Machines

N. Gisin and S. Massar

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2153 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997

COMMENTS

Do Histograms Constitute a Proof for Conductance Quantization?

A. I. Yanson and J. M. van Ruitenbeek

Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2157 (1997) - Published 15 September, 1997