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Thermal activation and ATP dependence of the cytoskeleton remodeling dynamics

R. Sunyer1,2, F. Ritort3, R. Farré1,4, and D. Navajas1,2,*

  • 1Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
  • 2Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
  • 3Departament de Física Fonamental, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBER-BBN Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
  • 4Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain

  • *dnavajas@ub.edu
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Phys. Rev. E 79, 051920 – Published 27 May, 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.79.051920

Abstract

The cytoskeleton (CSK) is a nonequilibrium polymer network that uses hydrolyzable sources of free energy such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to remodel its internal structure. As in inert nonequilibrium soft materials, CSK remodeling has been associated with structural rearrangements driven by energy-activated processes. We carry out particle tracking and traction microscopy measurements of alveolar epithelial cells at various temperatures and ATP concentrations. We provide the first experimental evidence that the remodeling dynamics of the CSK is driven by structural rearrangements over free-energy barriers induced by thermally activated forces mediated by ATP. The measured activation energy of these forces is ∼40kBTr (kB being the Boltzmann constant and Tr being the room temperature). Our experiments provide clues to understand the analogy between the dynamics of the living CSK and that of inert nonequilibrium soft materials.

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Phys. Rev. E 79, 051920– Published 27 May, 2009
  • Received 21 November 2008

© 2009 American Physical Society

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