We show the conservation of the superhorizon curvature perturbations at one-loop level in spatially flat gauge, including contributions from loop wave numbers on all scales in the decoupling limit, $\epsilon (\equiv -\dot{H}/H^2)\to 0$. In contrast to previous works, we do not assume a hierarchy $k\gg q$ between the wave number of the loop integral, $k$, and that of the power spectrum, $q$, and we explicitly include the regime $k\lesssim q$. Taking into account the nonlinear relation between the inflaton fluctuation and the curvature perturbation with the $\delta N$ formalism, we show that the apparent time dependence of the one-loop curvature power spectrum cancels once all contributions, including boundary terms, are combined consistently.

We present stacked thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect measurements for three samples of galaxy groups and clusters: those traced by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release 1 (DESI DR1) luminous red galaxies (LRG) and the DESI DR1 Bright Galaxy Sample (BGS), and an eROMaPPer optically selected sample from the DESI Legacy Imaging Survey. We use the latest Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR6 (ACT) + Planck component-separated internal linear combination Compton-$y$ maps and ACT + Planck coadded 90, 150, and 220 GHz temperature maps to extract the tSZ signal within a $\sim 2^{\prime }$ disk aperture for sources binned by luminosity, richness, or mass. We measure the average tSZ signal with high statistical significance, with signal-to-noise ratios surpassing 38 for LRG, 27 for BGS, and 39 for the eROMaPPer sample using the 90 GHz ACT DR6 + Planck map. We conduct a detailed study of systematics and foregrounds such as dust and cosmic infrared background (CIB) contamination, which remain a core challenge for tSZ analysis. For the LRG and BGS samples, we find that dust and radio source emission dominate the tSZ signal at scales near and below the disk aperture radius. Large-scale ($R>4^{\prime }$) contamination from the CIB is less significant. We mitigate these contaminants to isolate the tSZ signal and use a combination of simulated and real measurements to develop Compton-$y$—optical depth ($\overline{y}-\overline{\tau }$) scaling relations to infer optical depths, which are found to be in agreement with values measured using the pairwise kinematic SZ effect for the same tracer samples. The $\overline{y}-\overline{\tau }$ scaling relation for the eROMaPPer sample is the first such relationship to be derived directly from SZ measurements.

The detection of cosmic microwave background primordial $B$-mode polarization would constitute a “smoking gun” signal of primordial gravitational waves. However, this measurement requires accurate removal of polarized Galactic foregrounds to avoid systematic biases when estimating the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Methods based on machine learning (ML) techniques, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have recently been proposed as alternative foreground cleaning techniques, but their applicability to real data relies on their ability to generalize beyond the models assumed during training. In this work, we focus on a variety of foreground models (FMs) used for training and conduct a systematic study of the generalization properties of a CNN-based method. We train two CNN architectures on simulations generated from different Galactic FMs, and test their performance on models not used during the training. By characterizing the pixel-to-pixel statistical properties of the FMs using variance, skewness, and Shannon entropy, we define a marginal statistical complexity hierarchy among them. The morphology diversity of the models is also incorporated in the hierarchy established. We show that training on the more complex FMs reduces bias and improves precision when testing on unseen template-based FMs, whereas training on the simplest model could introduce systematic errors, reaching a residual equivalent to $r>0.1$ on both models used only for testing. We further test this picture by constructing controlled modifications of the simplest FM with progressively broader marginal distributions. While their marginal statistics grow beyond those of the most morphologically diverse model, their generalization improves only up to a point and none of them matches the robustness across test models of the more complex model, showing that marginal variability alone is not sufficient for generalization. These results evidence that a lack of generalization is a relevant source of systematic uncertainty, and emphasize the importance of understanding the impact of the models assumed during training in ML-based methods before applying them to real data.

Wineglass wormholes mediate the nucleation of baby universes out of an asymptotically anti-de Sitter or flat spacetime. Upon materialization, the new universe naturally undergoes an inflationary phase. Here, we study the quantum state of tensor and probe scalar field fluctuations that these wormhole geometries prepare, finding that they reproduce the Bunch-Davies vacuum for short-wavelength modes but lead to deviations from Bunch-Davies on large scales. These deviations, which depend on the charge of the wormhole, cause a small shift as well as oscillations in the angular power spectrum generated by an ensuing inflationary phase, and thus provide a distinctive cosmological observable. The wormholes are supported by either axionic or magnetic charges. In the limit of vanishing charge, they undergo a topological transition after which they contain no-boundary instantons. We find that the small-charge limit suppresses deviations from the Bunch-Davies state for both scalar and tensor fluctuations, indicating that the topological transition is smooth.

Recent observational analyses have revealed a significant tension in the growth index $\gamma$, which characterizes the growth rate of cosmic structures. When $\gamma$ is treated as a free parameter within lambda cold dark matter $(\mathrm{\Lambda }\mathrm{CDM}$), the $\mathrm{PL}18+f{\sigma }_8$ combination yields $\gamma \approx 0.64$, in $\sim 4\sigma$ tension with the theoretically expected value $\gamma \approx 0.55$ (assuming general relativity), suggesting a preference for suppressed late-time growth relative to the standard expectation. In this work, we investigate whether the ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_{\mathrm{s}}\mathrm{CDM}$ framework—featuring a rapid sign-switching cosmological constant (mirror anti–de Sitter-to-de Sitter (AdS-to-dS) transition) in the late universe at redshift $z_{†}\sim 2$—can alleviate the $\gamma$ tension together with the $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions. We find that $\gamma {\mathrm{\Lambda }}_{\mathrm{s}}\mathrm{CDM}$ is able to reduce the $\gamma$ and $H_0$ tensions relative to $\gamma \mathrm{\Lambda }\mathrm{CDM}$ while maintaining low $S_8$ values. For $\mathrm{PL}18+f{\sigma }_8$, the combination underlying the $\gamma$ tension, $\gamma {\mathrm{\Lambda }}_{\mathrm{s}}\mathrm{CDM}$ yields $z_{†}>1.58$ (95% CL) and reduces the $\gamma$ and $H_0$ discrepancies from $3.7\sigma$ and $4.2\sigma$ in $\gamma \mathrm{\Lambda }\mathrm{CDM}$ to $2.1\sigma$ and $1.1\sigma$, respectively, while leaving ${\chi }_{\min }^2$ essentially unchanged. The largest improvement among the free-$z_{†}$ analyses is obtained for $\mathrm{PL}18+f{\sigma }_8+\mathrm{PP}\&\mathrm{SH}0\mathrm{ES}$, for which the marginalized posterior constraint is $z_{†}=1.82_{-0.28}^{+0.32}$ (95% CL); the $\gamma$ and $H_0$ tensions are reduced to $1.8\sigma$ and $0.6\sigma$, respectively, and the model also provides an improved fit to the data. The efficacy of the mechanism is, however, dataset dependent: the standard 3D BAO measurements used in the present analysis—from SDSS-IV/eBOSS and the first year of DESI observations—tend to push the transition to higher redshifts, $z_{†}\gtrsim 2.3–2.4$, and weaken the simultaneous alleviation, particularly of the $H_0$ tension. We also examine the benchmark case with fixed $z_{†}=1.7$, previously identified in studies of the standard ($\gamma \simeq 0.55$) ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_{\mathrm{s}}\mathrm{CDM}$ framework as a redshift of interest for alleviating multiple major cosmological tensions—including those in $H_0$, $M_{\mathrm{B}}$, and $S_8$. For the restricted combinations in which it is considered, this benchmark yields low residual tensions (e.g., a $1.6\sigma \gamma$ tension and an effectively vanishing $H_0$ tension for $\mathrm{PL}18+f{\sigma }_8$), albeit with somewhat worse fits than $\gamma \mathrm{\Lambda }\mathrm{CDM}$. It is, however, excluded at more than $2\sigma$ by the free-$z_{†}$ analyses once either the uncalibrated PantheonPlus SN Ia sample or the 3D BAO data are included. Our results indicate that ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_{\mathrm{s}}\mathrm{CDM}$ can contribute to the joint alleviation of multiple cosmological tensions, although its impact is dataset dependent.

Gravitational-wave displacement memory is a remarkable, ubiquitous prediction of general relativity that has not yet been detected. Unlike the oscillatory components of gravitational waveforms, displacement memory is associated with soft gravitons and provides the leading low-frequency observable of its parent event. Analogous soft signals may also be associated with velocity and integrated-displacement memory. The simple, universal spectral shapes of soft waveforms provide effective templates for matched filtering and parameter estimation. In this paper, we investigate the detection prospects for such soft memory signals with future space-based laser interferometers. As realistic examples, we examine the infrared spectral features of gravitational waves from moderately relativistic nonspinning compact binary scattering and comparable-mass quasicircular, nonprecessing black hole mergers. In both cases, the low-frequency spectrum can be described by a soft displacement-memory waveform with finite-frequency corrections. Using the adopted instrumental-noise models, simulated Bayesian parameter-estimation analyses show that a single LISA-like detector can constrain the memory amplitude and arrival time for signals with matched-filter signal-to-noise ratios of order 10. Big Bang Observer (BBO) Stage 1 could measure null displacement memory from sufficiently loud stellar-mass compact binary mergers. We also evaluate the detectability of an idealized stochastic background of soft displacement-memory signals. These results establish gravitational-wave bursts with memory as concrete targets for space-based interferometers.

Low-latency gravitational-wave search pipelines are essential for providing early warning alerts of multimessenger astrophysical transients. Current production pipelines whiten the incoming data stream using acausal, linear-phase filters, which require a look-ahead data buffer that introduces several seconds of algorithmic latency. Eliminating this latency requires transitioning to causal, minimum-phase whitening filters that use only past data. However, operating causal filters under nonstationary noise requires more than simply substituting the filter type: the drifting power spectral density must be tracked without degrading the matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio, filter updates must preserve the minimum-phase condition, and the altered phase response must be compensated to maintain sky localization accuracy. In paper I of this series, we introduced a gauge theoretic signal processing framework and showed that the minimum-phase connection on the manifold of power spectra provides a geometrically exact update rule for causal filters. In this paper, we validate that framework numerically and operationally, demonstrating that parallel transport along this connection strictly preserves the minimum-phase property while exactly conserving the matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio. We numerically certify the flatness of this connection, demonstrating that the optimal filter is a path-independent state function of the instantaneous noise. Through an injection campaign on O3 data with 15,347 binary black hole signals across the LIGO-Virgo network, we confirm that this zero-look-ahead architecture preserves the detection sensitivity and interdetector timing and phase accuracy of the standard linear-phase baseline. Implementing this framework within the production sgnl matched-filter pipeline reduces the whitening latency by 1.0 second (33%) relative to the standard linear-phase baseline at a 4-second noise estimation cadence, confirmed both in controlled local tests and on live O3 replay data at production scale. Stride reduction experiments demonstrate that up to 91% of the baseline trigger latency can be eliminated with subsecond pipeline cadence.

Scintillating molecular crystals have emerged as prime candidates for directional dark matter detector targets. This anisotropy makes them exquisitely sensitive due to the daily modulation induced by the directional dark matter wind. However, predicting the interaction rate for arbitrary molecules requires accurate modeling of the many-body ground as well as excited states, a task that has been historically computationally expensive. Here, we present a theory and computational framework for efficiently computing dark matter scattering form factors for molecules. We introduce scarfff, a GPU-accelerated code to compute the fully three-dimensional anisotropic molecular form factor for arbitrary molecules. We use a full time-dependent density functional theory framework to compute the lowest-lying singlet excited states. Once the many-body electronic structure is computed, the form factors are computed in a small fraction of the time from the transition density matrix. We show that scarfff can compute the first 12 form factors for a molecule of 10 heavy atoms in approximately 5 s, opening the door to accurate, high-throughput material screening for optimal directional dark matter detector targets. Our code can perform the calculation in three independent ways, two semianalytical and one fully numeric, providing optimized methods for every precision goal.

Precision measurements of top-quark production with energetic photons provide a complementary probe of vectorlike quarks with nonstandard radiative decays. We reinterpret the CMS differential $t\overline{t}\gamma$ measurement and the ATLAS fiducial $t\overline{t}\gamma \gamma$ cross section to constrain the electromagnetic and chromomagnetic transition interactions of a charge-$2/3$ vectorlike top partner, $T$. We consider effective interactions written in terms of physical fields after electroweak symmetry breaking, retaining only the decays $T\to t\gamma$ and $T\to tg$. The CMS signal includes both the mixed $(t\gamma )(tg)$ topology and double-radiative $t\overline{t}\gamma \gamma$ events entering the exactly-one-photon fiducial region, while the ATLAS rate is interpreted using a signal-specific detector-response transfer factor. Signal uncertainties are included, and the interpretation is restricted point by point to the domain satisfying the effective field theory and narrow-width requirements. Denoting the electromagnetic and chromomagnetic transition coefficients by $c_{t\gamma }$ and $c_{tg}$, respectively, we find that, for $c_{tg}=1.0\times {10}^{-5}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ and $m_T=500\mathrm{GeV}$, the observed Run 2 exclusions at 95% confidence level extend down to $c_{t\gamma }\simeq 4.7\times {10}^{-7}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ for CMS and $2.3\times {10}^{-6}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ for ATLAS within the valid domain. At $m_T=1000\mathrm{GeV}$, the corresponding values are $2.1\times {10}^{-6}$ and $8.5\times {10}^{-6}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$. Projections to the HL-LHC indicate improved sensitivity to these radiative transition interactions. These results establish top-associated photon measurements as complementary probes of radiative top-partner interactions beyond searches targeting conventional decay modes.

Left-right symmetric theories with generalized parity restrict the bare QCD angle to a $CP$-conserving value and relate the physical strong-$CP$ phase $\overline{\theta }$ to a $CP$-odd parity-breaking parameter $\epsilon$. We show that, in the Dirac-neutrino realization, imposing a sectorial reality condition on the Dirac lepton Yukawa matrices turns observable leptonic $CP$ violation from an independent input into a branch-dependent prediction. Parity reconstructs the right-handed leptonic mixing matrix, whereas leptonic reality requires it to be rephasing-equivalent to the complex conjugate of the left-handed one. For generic three-generation Yukawas, compatibility is equivalent to the vanishing of a single Jarlskog-type $CP$-odd invariant. In the physical Dirac hierarchy, for fixed oscillation data, mass ordering, and discrete leptonic branch, compatibility determines the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) Jarlskog invariant as a function of the lightest neutrino mass and $\epsilon$. We derive its leading analytic behavior and obtain the nonlinear compatibility branches numerically. In compressed mixed-sign Dirac-neutrino spectra, small signed mass sums can amplify a tiny parity deformation into order-one values of the normalized PMNS Jarlskog invariant, including maximal $CP$ violation. The corresponding quark reconstruction independently provides a calculable, branch-dependent conversion between $\epsilon$ and $\overline{\theta }$. Together, the leptonic and quark relations define a family of correlations among leptonic $CP$ violation, the absolute neutrino mass scale, and strong $CP$.

We conduct numerical simulations to map out the phase diagram and critical behavior of a lattice Higgs model composed of two massless staggered fermion fields forming a doublet under a global $SU(2)$ and coupled to a scalar field in the adjoint representation of the group. The scalar action consists of a potential comprising quadratic and quartic terms and a scalar kinetic term. At fixed quartic coupling we explore a two-dimensional parameter space finding a massless symmetric phase at weak coupling and a massive symmetric phase (SMG phase) at strong coupling. An intermediate antiferromagnetic phase separates these two regimes. These results are consistent with leading order weak and strong coupling expansions. We find that the critical lines bounding the intermediate phase merge at a unique point where all fermion bilinear condensates vanish but fermion susceptibilities diverge as nontrivial powers of the lattice size. We conjecture that this merged point corresponds to a multicritical point and may describe a phase consisting of a condensate of certain topological defects.

The local solar gravitational potential forms a basin for ultralight dark matter (ULDM) with discrete energy levels. Even if barely populated, it introduces a new characteristic timescale in DM dynamics. This necessitates a generalization of the notion of coherence time. We find that, at long times, the phenomenon of “recoherence” emerges, whereby a subcomponent of ULDM exhibits a formally divergent coherence time. The fact that this generalized coherence time can significantly exceed the naive estimate implies an enhanced sensitivity for dark matter searches that accumulate data over extended observation periods.

We explore, for the first time in lattice QCD, the radiative decays to $\gamma \eta$ and $\gamma {\eta }^{\prime }$ of the $J^{PC}=1^{+-}$ charmonium state, $h_c$. This work expands upon a previous calculation of $J/\psi$ decays to the same final states, incorporating novel technology to access the $h_c$ where it is an excited state and to separate the independent electric dipole and longitudinal form factors. Results for the radiative decay rates, computed on three-flavor lattices with $m_{\pi }\sim 391\mathrm{MeV}$, show a suppression relative to experiment that is similar to that observed in the prior calculation of $J/\psi \to \gamma {\eta }^{(\prime )}$. The timelike $Q^2$ dependence of both form factors together influence the Dalitz decays, $h_c\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}{\eta }^{(\prime )}$, which are as yet unmeasured experimentally.

Within the framework of nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD) factorization, we calculate the next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD corrections to ${\chi }_{bJ}\to J/\psi +\gamma$ with $J=0$, 1, 2. We determine all six independent helicity amplitudes, including the one-loop corrections to the quantum electrodynamics (QED) amplitude and the two-loop corrections to the QCD amplitude, and retain the interference between the QED and QCD amplitudes in the decay widths. The NLO corrections substantially enhance the ${\chi }_{b0}$ and ${\chi }_{b1}$ decay widths, while reducing the ${\chi }_{b2}$ decay width by approximately 36%. Including the QED amplitude leads to sizable destructive interference for ${\chi }_{b0}$ and an enhancement for ${\chi }_{b2}$, but has only a small effect on the ${\chi }_{b1}$ decay width. Two treatments of photon fragmentation, based on the NRQCD matrix element and the experimentally determined $J/\psi$ decay constant, yield NLO unpolarized decay widths that agree at the few percent level or better. Using the decay constant scheme at ${\mu }_R=m_b$, we obtain NLO central branching fractions of $1.03\times {10}^{-6}$, $1.45\times {10}^{-5}$, and $1.99\times {10}^{-6}$ for the three channels, respectively. The NLO corrections reduce the renormalization scale dependence, particularly for ${\chi }_{b2}$, although a sizable dependence remains for ${\chi }_{b0}$. At fixed $m_b$, the branching fractions decrease with increasing $r=m_c/m_b$, more strongly for ${\chi }_{b1}$ and ${\chi }_{b2}$ than for ${\chi }_{b0}$. For $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=14\mathrm{TeV}$ and an integrated luminosity of $100{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$, we estimate approximately $1.9\times {10}^4$ and $4.8\times {10}^4$ ${\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}\gamma$ events from ${\chi }_{b0}$ and ${\chi }_{b2}$ decays, respectively. Measurements with the existing Belle $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(2S)$ sample remain challenging because of the small expected yields. A substantially larger $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(2S)$ sample at Belle II would improve the prospects for observing these radiative decays.

We address momentum entanglement in Higgs decays to weak boson pairs, $H\to WW,ZZ$, by discretizing momentum space. The momenta of the two weak bosons are entangled, as well as the degrees of freedom in momentum and spin spaces. For $H\to ZZ$ in the four-lepton final state, we also estimate the statistical sensitivity of entanglement measures at the Large Hadron Collider and future upgrades. The discretization method introduced here is broadly applicable, offering a framework for studies of momentum entanglement at the energy frontier.

We present the operation with moderate radiation shield in a surface laboratory of BULky and Low-threshold Kinetic Inductance Detector) (BULLKID), a cryogenic detector for searches of light dark matter or coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. The detector consists of an array of 60 cubic silicon particle absorbers of 0.34 g each, sensed by cryogenic kinetic inductance detectors. The analysis presented focuses on data from 15 elements of the array, with two central units used to evaluate the background and with their surrounding elements used as veto. The low energy spectrum resulting from an exposure of 290 hours to ambient backgrounds, acquired with the use of external and internal radiation shields, is compatible with the simulations at the level of $(6.8\pm 0.4\mathrm{stat}.\pm 0.1\mathrm{syst}.)\times {10}^4$ counts / keV kg days from 2 keV down to an energy of 600 eV. The region between 225 eV and 600 eV shows a rise in background in disagreement with the simulations, while not sharing some of the key traits of the low energy excess observed in other cryogenic experiments. The high energy spectrum shape is in overall agreement with the simulations and displays the typical particle-induced x-ray emission of the surrounding lead.

Long-lived particles (LLPs), i.e., particles with macroscopic lifetimes $\tau >10\mathrm{ps}$, appear in various extensions of the Standard Model (SM) that address fundamental questions like the particulate nature of dark matter or baryogenesis. The ANUBIS detector will achieve unprecedented sensitivity to such models compared to existing and approved experiments by instrumenting a large decay volume adjacent to the ATLAS experiment at the high-luminosity LHC with tracking detectors. This paper outlines the proposed detector layouts for ANUBIS, explores their physics potential with a scalar LLP model, and identifies the preferred layout, comparing it to other experiments. The potential background contributions are estimated using a data-driven method, and the topology of potential background events is studied using Monte Carlo simulations. Overall, the ANUBIS detector is expected to probe branching ratios down to $\mathcal{O}({10}^{-6})$ for exotic decays of the Higgs boson to scalar long-lived particles with masses of 10, 15, 40, and 60 GeV and proper lifetimes of $c\tau =2.4$, 3.0, 12, and 18 m, respectively. Moreover, for branching ratios of 0.1% of the Higgs boson into long-lived scalars with a mass of 15 GeV, the ANUBIS detector can probe a $c\tau$ range between $1.1\times {10}^{-1}\mathrm{m}$ and $4.0\times {10}^3\mathrm{m}$.

We propose and test logarithmic Krylov (logK) complexity, an operator growth measure akin to Krylov complexity defined through a replica approach, as a viable probe of early time operator scrambling without false positives. In finite-dimensional quantum systems, such as the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick (LMG) model and the mixed-field Ising model at the chaotic point, we provide numerical evidence that logK-complexity discriminates between genuine and saddle-dominated scrambling at early times, correctly avoiding the exponential contribution coming from the unstable saddle in the former case, and closely tracking the conventional Krylov complexity in the latter. In integrable quantum systems admitting infinite-dimensional Krylov subspaces, such as the ${\mathrm{SYK}}_2$ model and the quantum inverted harmonic oscillator, we show that by modifying the Krylov spreading operator, obtained through generalizing the analytic continuation procedure in the replica trick, the logK complexity can be refined to capture the integrable properties of the theories. We supplement these analyses by extending the Krylov formalism in classical dynamical systems and defining classical versions of these operator growth measures, showing that the false positives arising from unstable saddles in classical phase space are nonexistent.

We study genuine multientropy as a diagnostic of multipartite entanglement in the toric code, which provides a controlled setting for probing multipartite structures in topologically ordered states. Our main question is whether genuine multientropy captures information that is not reducible to conventional lower-party entropic data, such as topological entanglement entropy. We first analyze toric-code ground states that admit a stabilizer-state description, where the relevant quantities can be evaluated exactly. We conjecture that, for stabilizer states and $\mathtt{q}\ge 4$, the $\mathtt{q}$-partite genuine multientropy at replica index $n<\mathtt{q}$ collapses to a linear combination of multientropies involving at most $\mathtt{q}-2$ parties. We establish this pattern explicitly for $\mathtt{q}=4$ in the toric code stabilizer sector: for $n=2$, 3, the genuine multientropy is proportional to the tripartite information $I_3$ and, for the Kitaev-Preskill partition, contains no independent genuine four-partite information beyond that captured by the topological entanglement entropy. At $n=4$, however, this reduction breaks down: the genuine multientropy is no longer proportional to $I_3$, but remains a topological invariant of the toric-code stabilizer ground states under Kitaev-Preskill-preserving deformations that do not change whether the numbers of vertex- and plaquette-type junctions coincide. For generic nonstabilizer superpositions within the ground-state manifold and for coherent superpositions of local excitations, the low-$n$ reduction also fails. These results show that genuine multientropy probes multipartite entanglement structure beyond the tripartite information, and hence beyond the topological entanglement entropy in the Kitaev-Preskill partition, whereas for stabilizer states at low replica index it reduces to lower-partite entropic data.

The effective-field-theory interpretation of generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) deformations does not by itself establish whether their tree-level operator content is closed under renormalization. We investigate this question in massless GUP-deformed quantum electrodynamics at one loop and to first order in the deformation parameter. We compute the ultraviolet divergences of the relevant Green’s functions and determine the counterterm structure. Our central result is that, after eliminating redundant operators, renormalization requires only one independent physical counterterm beyond those associated with the tree-level theory: an axial-axial four-fermion interaction. The original deformation therefore admits a minimal radiative completion at this order. We derive the leading logarithmic running of the induced Wilson coefficient and discuss its operator-level correspondence with the contact interaction arising in Einstein-Cartan gravity.