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Tunable massive and acoustic plasmons in two-dimensional plasmonic crystals

I. V. Gorbenko1,*, P. A. Gusikhin2, V. Yu. Kachorovskii1, and V. M. Muravev2

  • *Contact author: gorbenko.ilya.v@gmail.com
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APS Open Sci. 1, 000052 – Published 25 June, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/kkth-j4wx

Abstract

We theoretically investigate dispersion of plasma waves propagating in a lateral plasmonic crystal based on a two-dimensional electron system with grating gates. Two specific configurations are analyzed: a system with single grating gate having ungated gaps and a double-grating-gate structure. We calculate the dispersion relations for the fundamental and several higher-order plasma modes, classifying them as either bright or dark excitations. At the boundaries of the Brillouin zones, the dispersion of both types of excitations is shown to be quadratic, justifying the introduction of effective bright and dark plasmon masses. In the low-frequency limit, the plasmonic-crystal spectrum exhibits an acoustic plasma mode characterized by a certain velocity. We demonstrate that the effective plasmon mass and acoustic velocity are highly sensitive to both crystal geometry (specifically the lattice filling factor) and the gate voltages, enabling wide-range tunability.

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APS Open Sci. 1, 000052– Published 25 June, 2026
Vol. 1
  • Received 10 February 2026
  • Revised 14 May 2026
  • Accepted 2 June 2026
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