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Unconventional Continuous Structural Disorder at the Order-Disorder Phase Transition in the Hexagonal Manganites

Sandra H. Skjærvø, Quintin N. Meier, Mikhail Feygenson, Nicola A. Spaldin, Simon J. L. Billinge, Emil S. Bozin, and Sverre M. Selbach

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031001 (2019) - Published 1 July, 2019

Neutron-scattering experiments probe changes in atomic structure of the multiferroic hexagonal manganite YMnO3 during its structural phase transition and find signatures of a new type of transition that could explain some of the material’s unusual electric behavior.

Ultrasensitive Chiral Spectroscopy by Dynamical Symmetry Breaking in High Harmonic Generation

Ofer Neufeld, David Ayuso, Piero Decleva, Misha Y. Ivanov, Olga Smirnova, and Oren Cohen

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031002 (2019) - Published 2 July, 2019

A new proposal for characterizing chirality could lead to highly sensitive and extremely accurate ultrafast detection of chiral phenomena even in systems that are only weakly chiral.

Shift Insulators: Rotation-Protected Two-Dimensional Topological Crystalline Insulators

Shang Liu, Ashvin Vishwanath, and Eslam Khalaf

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031003 (2019) - Published 3 July, 2019

A new model of a topological crystalline phase helps resolve important issues regarding how features of topological materials relate to one another and how they are influenced by interactions among electrons.

Controlling Subcycle Optical Chirality in the Photoionization of Chiral Molecules

S. Rozen, A. Comby, E. Bloch, S. Beauvarlet, D. Descamps, B. Fabre, S. Petit, V. Blanchet, B. Pons, N. Dudovich, and Y. Mairesse

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031004 (2019) - Published 8 July, 2019

A new way of probing molecules with handedness involves a light pulse in which the polarization changes in the middle of a single wave cycle.

Spin Liquid State and Topological Structural Defects in Hexagonal TbInO3

Jaewook Kim, Xueyun Wang, Fei-Ting Huang, Yazhong Wang, Xiaochen Fang, Xuan Luo, Y. Li, Meixia Wu, S. Mori, D. Kwok, Eun Deok Mun, V. S. Zapf, and Sang-Wook Cheong

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031005 (2019) - Published 9 July, 2019

Experiments reveal the coexistence of a spin-liquid state and ferroelectricity in the antiferromagnet TbInO3, suggesting that this material may be a strong platform for studying novel edge effects in spin liquids.

Locality and Digital Quantum Simulation of Power-Law Interactions

Minh C. Tran, Andrew Y. Guo, Yuan Su, James R. Garrison, Zachary Eldredge, Michael Foss-Feig, Andrew M. Childs, and Alexey V. Gorshkov

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031006 (2019) - Published 10 July, 2019

A proof of a tighter light cone for quantum systems with long-range interactions sets the stage for new insights into the limits at which information can propagate.

Limits of Chromosome Compaction by Loop-Extruding Motors

Edward J. Banigan and Leonid A. Mirny

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031007 (2019) - Published 11 July, 2019

A complex of proteins responsible for packing chromosomes into tight loops during cell division must have additional compacting capabilities not yet seen in experiments, a new model predicts.

Pressure-Induced Hydrogen-Hydrogen Interaction in Metallic FeH Revealed by NMR

Thomas Meier, Florian Trybel, Saiana Khandarkhaeva, Gerd Steinle-Neumann, Stella Chariton, Timofey Fedotenko, Sylvain Petitgirard, Michael Hanfland, Konstantin Glazyrin, Natalia Dubrovinskaia, and Leonid Dubrovinsky

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031008 (2019) - Published 17 July, 2019

Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments reveal how the electronic properties of hydrogen in iron hydride change under extreme pressure, a step toward understanding the onset of high-temperature superconductivity in metal hydrides.

Measurement-Induced Phase Transitions in the Dynamics of Entanglement

Brian Skinner, Jonathan Ruhman, and Adam Nahum

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031009 (2019) - Published 22 July, 2019

The growth of entanglement in a quantum system changes qualitatively when it is observed more frequently than a certain critical rate, an important insight for describing quantum systems computationally.

Type-III and Tilted Dirac Cones Emerging from Flat Bands in Photonic Orbital Graphene

M. Milićević, G. Montambaux, T. Ozawa, O. Jamadi, B. Real, I. Sagnes, A. Lemaître, L. Le Gratiet, A. Harouri, J. Bloch, and A. Amo

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031010 (2019) - Published 23 July, 2019

Experiments show how a honeycomb lattice of photonic resonators produces exotic photon transport behavior with properties that go beyond those found in existing Dirac materials.

Entanglement Wedge Reconstruction via Universal Recovery Channels

Jordan Cotler, Patrick Hayden, Geoffrey Penington, Grant Salton, Brian Swingle, and Michael Walter

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031011 (2019) - Published 24 July, 2019

A mathematical tool provides a way to translate descriptions of objects in the language of quantum gravity into the language of purely quantum-mechanical systems without gravity.

Attack and Defense in Cellular Decision-Making: Lessons from Machine Learning

Thomas J. Rademaker, Emmanuel Bengio, and Paul François

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031012 (2019) - Published 26 July, 2019

A trick that pathogens use against the immune system turns out to be similar to a technique for fooling an image recognition algorithm.

Quantum Virtual Cooling

Jordan Cotler, Soonwon Choi, Alexander Lukin, Hrant Gharibyan, Tarun Grover, M. Eric Tai, Matthew Rispoli, Robert Schittko, Philipp M. Preiss, Adam M. Kaufman, Markus Greiner, Hannes Pichler, and Patrick Hayden

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031013 (2019) - Published 29 July, 2019

Using tools from quantum information and atomic physics, new experiments show that two quantum systems at the same fixed temperature can give rise to a virtual quantum system at half that temperature.

Emergence of Radial Tree of Bend Stripes in Active Nematics

Andrey Sokolov, Ali Mozaffari, Rui Zhang, Juan J. de Pablo, and Alexey Snezhko

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031014 (2019) - Published 30 July, 2019

Liquid crystals doped with live bacteria spontaneously generate a branched arrangement of channels, which could be used to transport particles at microscale.

Quasielectrostatic Wave Propagation Beyond the Delay-Bandwidth Limit in Switched Networks

Mykhailo Tymchenko, Dimitrios Sounas, Aravind Nagulu, Harish Krishnaswamy, and Andrea Alù

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031015 (2019) - Published 31 July, 2019

A new analysis shows how temporal modulation can overcome the size-delay-bandwidth limitation that constrains modern electronic devices, potentially leading to a new wave of ultrasmall high-bandwidth true-time-delay systems.

Crystallization Instability in Glass-Forming Mixtures

Trond S. Ingebrigtsen, Jeppe C. Dyre, Thomas B. Schrøder, and C. Patrick Royall

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031016 (2019) - Published 1 August, 2019

Computer simulations provide a framework for understanding why mixtures readily crystallize, an important insight for the design of glass-forming materials.

Contact-Based Model for Epidemic Spreading on Temporal Networks

Andreas Koher, Hartmut H. K. Lentz, James P. Gleeson, and Philipp Hövel

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031017 (2019) - Published 2 August, 2019

A new model of contagious spreading on temporal networks focuses on the interactions between individuals to derive criteria essential for risk assessment.

Selection and Genome Plasticity as the Key Factors in the Evolution of Bacteria

Itamar Sela, Yuri I. Wolf, and Eugene V. Koonin

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031018 (2019) - Published 5 August, 2019

A simple mathematical model for bacterial genome evolution provides a universal framework for understanding scaling laws among functional classes of genes.

Enhanced Electron-Phonon Interaction in Multivalley Materials

Thibault Sohier, Evgeniy Ponomarev, Marco Gibertini, Helmuth Berger, Nicola Marzari, Nicolas Ubrig, and Alberto F. Morpurgo

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031019 (2019) - Published 6 August, 2019

Normally, the strength of electron-phonon coupling in a crystal decreases when electron density is increased. New experiments show the opposite effect in certain semiconductors due to a reduced effectiveness of electrostatic screening.

Reconciling the Diversity and Uniformity of Galactic Rotation Curves with Self-Interacting Dark Matter

Tao Ren, Anna Kwa, Manoj Kaplinghat, and Hai-Bo Yu

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031020 (2019) - Published 7 August, 2019

A puzzling coexistence of uniformity and diversity in galaxy rotation curves can be explained if dark matter is thermalized in the central regions of these galaxies.

Quantum Valley Hall Effect, Orbital Magnetism, and Anomalous Hall Effect in Twisted Multilayer Graphene Systems

Jianpeng Liu, Zhen Ma, Jinhua Gao, and Xi Dai

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031021 (2019) - Published 8 August, 2019

A new mathematical analysis shows that multilayer graphene hosts topological flat bands and orbital ferromagnetism, both of which contribute to exotic electrical transport and optical properties.

Quantum Interference of Electromechanically Stabilized Emitters in Nanophotonic Devices

B. Machielse, S. Bogdanovic, S. Meesala, S. Gauthier, M. J. Burek, G. Joe, M. Chalupnik, Y. I. Sohn, J. Holzgrafe, R. E. Evans, C. Chia, H. Atikian, M. K. Bhaskar, D. D. Sukachev, L. Shao, S. Maity, M. D. Lukin, and M. Lončar

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031022 (2019) - Published 9 August, 2019

Researchers entangle a pair of light-emitting atoms in a micrometer-scale device, which could potentially be useful for quantum communication and cryptography.

Terahertz-Rate Kerr-Microresonator Optical Clockwork

Tara E. Drake, Travis C. Briles, Jordan R. Stone, Daryl T. Spencer, David R. Carlson, Daniel D. Hickstein, Qing Li, Daron Westly, Kartik Srinivasan, Scott A. Diddams, and Scott B. Papp

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031023 (2019) - Published 12 August, 2019

Experiments demonstrate down-conversion of an optical clock signal to terahertz frequencies using a Kerr-microresonator frequency comb, a technology that permits chip-scale, potentially cost-effective fabrication.

Breaking the Spell of Nestedness: The Entropic Origin of Nestedness in Mutualistic Systems

Clàudia Payrató-Borràs, Laura Hernández, and Yamir Moreno

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031024 (2019) - Published 13 August, 2019

The nested configuration of mutually beneficial interactions among species in real ecosystems arises from the number of interactions of each species, a potentially useful insight for understanding the scale at which natural selection operates in those systems.

Loop Currents and Anomalous Hall Effect from Time-Reversal Symmetry-Breaking Superconductivity on the Honeycomb Lattice

P. M. R. Brydon, D. S. L. Abergel, D. F. Agterberg, and Victor M. Yakovenko

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031025 (2019) - Published 14 August, 2019

Some superconductors reflect light in ways similar to magnets. A new theoretical analysis shows that this behavior reflects the spatial structure of electron pairs that are responsible for the superconductivity.

Dynamical Structure Factor of the J1J2 Heisenberg Model on the Triangular Lattice: Magnons, Spinons, and Gauge Fields

Francesco Ferrari and Federico Becca

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031026 (2019) - Published 15 August, 2019

Numerical modeling characterizes how collective excitations change in an ensemble of quantum spins as the system transitions from an ordered magnet to a spin liquid.

Interparticle Friction Leads to Nonmonotonic Flow Curves and Hysteresis in Viscous Suspensions

Hugo Perrin, Cécile Clavaud, Matthieu Wyart, Bloen Metzger, and Yoël Forterre

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031027 (2019) - Published 16 August, 2019

By tuning the friction between tiny beads suspended in water, researchers gain new understanding of how avalanches begin.

Viewing Angle of Binary Neutron Star Mergers

Hsin-Yu Chen, Salvatore Vitale, and Ramesh Narayan

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031028 (2019) - Published 19 August, 2019

Electromagnetic emission from a collision of two neutron stars can help constrain the orbital orientation of the system, a crucial parameter for interpreting the energetics of the system.

Fluctuation Theorems for a Quantum Channel

Hyukjoon Kwon and M. S. Kim

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031029 (2019) - Published 20 August, 2019

A new framework for fluctuation theorems, which describe relationships between forward and backward thermodynamic processes, applies to quantum systems as well as classical ones, establishing a foundation for quantum thermodynamics and information theory.

Probing Alloy Formation Using Different Excitonic Species: The Particular Case of InGaN

G. Callsen, R. Butté, and N. Grandjean

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031030 (2019) - Published 21 August, 2019

Experiments show how charges become localized in InGaN—a semiconductor alloy widely used in LEDs—which could help explain how this material enables the production of bright and robust white light.

Real-Space Mapping of the Two-Dimensional Phase Diagrams in Attractive Colloidal Systems

Bo Li, Xiuming Xiao, Shuxia Wang, Weijia Wen, and Ziren Wang

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031032 (2019) - Published 22 August, 2019

Video microscopy reveals the full 2D phase diagram of a colloid with short- and long-range attractions, which could lead to a better understanding of the phase behavior of real-world 2D materials such as biological membranes and graphene.

Quantum Enhanced X-ray Detection

S. Sofer, E. Strizhevsky, A. Schori, K. Tamasaku, and S. Shwartz

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031033 (2019) - Published 23 August, 2019

The first demonstration of a source of quantum correlated x-ray photons shows that such photons can enhance x-ray imaging.

Interplay of Dirac Nodes and Volkov-Pankratov Surface States in Compressively Strained HgTe

David M. Mahler, Julian-Benedikt Mayer, Philipp Leubner, Lukas Lunczer, Domenico Di Sante, Giorgio Sangiovanni, Ronny Thomale, Ewelina M. Hankiewicz, Hartmut Buhmann, Charles Gould, and Laurens W. Molenkamp

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031034 (2019) - Published 26 August, 2019

Experiments turn a topological insulator into a Weyl semimetal using mechanical stress, allowing for an exploration of the exotic electronic behaviors of both systems that hint at deep connections between the two.

Towards Classification of Fracton Phases: The Multipole Algebra

Andrey Gromov

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031035 (2019) - Published 27 August, 2019

Fracton phases of matter are attractive for stable quantum memories but lack a classification scheme that could predict new states. A new framework provides a possible route to a classification scheme for two types of fracton phases.

Giant Magnetic Quantum Oscillations in the Thermal Conductivity of TaAs: Indications of Chiral Zero Sound

Junsen Xiang, Sile Hu, Zhida Song, Meng Lv, Jiahao Zhang, Lingxiao Zhao, Wei Li, Ziyu Chen, Shuai Zhang, Jian-Tao Wang, Yi-feng Yang, Xi Dai, Frank Steglich, Genfu Chen, and Peijie Sun

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031036 (2019) - Published 28 August, 2019

Observations of the Weyl semimetal TaAs reveal a new mechanism for heat transport that arises from so-called chiral zero sound, a collective vibration of electrons in the material.

Kinetic Turbulence in Astrophysical Plasmas: Waves and/or Structures?

Daniel Grošelj, Christopher H. K. Chen, Alfred Mallet, Ravi Samtaney, Kai Schneider, and Frank Jenko

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031037 (2019) - Published 29 August, 2019

Analyses of solar wind data and a three-dimensional kinetic simulation reveal the inseparable nature of wavelike features and turbulent structures.

Picosecond Creation of Switchable Optomagnets from a Polar Antiferromagnet with Giant Photoinduced Kerr Rotations

Y. M. Sheu, Y. M. Chang, C. P. Chang, Y. H. Li, K. R. Babu, G. Y. Guo, T. Kurumaji, and Y. Tokura

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031038 (2019) - Published 30 August, 2019

Experiments show how short laser pulses can directly control spin arrangements in an antiferromagnetic material, offering a potential framework for spintronics applications that rely on spins to store and transfer data.

Universal Rank-Order Transform to Extract Signals from Noisy Data

Glenn Ierley and Alex Kostinski

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031039 (2019) - Published 3 September, 2019

Based solely on ranking the data, a new symmetry-based perspective on white noise offers a robust and universal approach to statistical signal processing.

GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs

B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031040 (2019) - Published 4 September, 2019

The gravitational-wave transient catalog presents the complete set of gravitational-wave events discovered to date by the LIGO Scientific and Virgo Collaborations.

Differentiable Programming Tensor Networks

Hai-Jun Liao, Jin-Guo Liu, Lei Wang, and Tao Xiang

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031041 (2019) - Published 5 September, 2019

A new approach for optimizing tensor networks draws on techniques from deep learning to accurately and efficiently find quantum many-body ground states.

Formation of Incommensurate Charge Density Waves in Cuprates

H. Miao, R. Fumagalli, M. Rossi, J. Lorenzana, G. Seibold, F. Yakhou-Harris, K. Kummer, N. B. Brookes, G. D. Gu, L. Braicovich, G. Ghiringhelli, and M. P. M. Dean

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031042 (2019) - Published 6 September, 2019

Experiments discover, for the first time, the collective excitations of the stripe ordered charge-density wave in high-temperature cuprate superconductors, shedding light on a 20-year-old mystery about how the high-temperature superconductivity arises.

Freezing a Flock: Motility-Induced Phase Separation in Polar Active Liquids

Delphine Geyer, David Martin, Julien Tailleur, and Denis Bartolo

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031043 (2019) - Published 9 September, 2019

Dense flocks of beads flowing in a channel can “freeze” like ice—a unique type of phase transition that may be applicable to human crowds.

Circumventing the Dephasing and Depletion Limits of Laser-Wakefield Acceleration

Alexander Debus, Richard Pausch, Axel Huebl, Klaus Steiniger, René Widera, Thomas E. Cowan, Ulrich Schramm, and Michael Bussmann

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031044 (2019) - Published 10 September, 2019

A new proposed scheme for compact electron acceleration circumvents the electron energy limits of traditional “laser-wakefield accelerators,” possibly allowing researchers to accelerate electrons to any energy using a small, scalable device.

A Ten-Qubit Solid-State Spin Register with Quantum Memory up to One Minute

C. E. Bradley, J. Randall, M. H. Abobeih, R. C. Berrevoets, M. J. Degen, M. A. Bakker, M. Markham, D. J. Twitchen, and T. H. Taminiau

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031045 (2019) - Published 11 September, 2019

A ten-qubit system based on spins in impure diamond achieves coherence times of over a minute.

Superconductivity near a Ferroelectric Quantum Critical Point in Ultralow-Density Dirac Materials

Vladyslav Kozii, Zhen Bi, and Jonathan Ruhman

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031046 (2019) - Published 12 September, 2019

A theoretical analysis proposes a mechanism for how superconductivity arises in ultralow-density semimetals near a ferroelectric quantum phase transition, which could help researchers understand exotic superconductivity in a range of materials.

Spin Excitations of a Proximate Kitaev Quantum Spin Liquid Realized in Cu2IrO3

Sean K. Takahashi, Jiaming Wang, Alexandre Arsenault, Takashi Imai, Mykola Abramchuk, Fazel Tafti, and Philip M. Singer

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031047 (2019) - Published 13 September, 2019

Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments reveal how electron spins fluctuate in Cu2IrO3, a test as to whether this material meets the criteria for an exotic—and still theoretical—magnetic state known as a Kitaev spin liquid.

Locality, Quantum Fluctuations, and Scrambling

Shenglong Xu and Brian Swingle

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031048 (2019) - Published 16 September, 2019

A model based on Brownian motion describes the tsunami-like propagation of chaotic behavior in a system of quantum particles.

Bounds on the Superconducting Transition Temperature: Applications to Twisted Bilayer Graphene and Cold Atoms

Tamaghna Hazra, Nishchhal Verma, and Mohit Randeria

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031049 (2019) - Published 17 September, 2019

Theoretical work reveals upper bounds on the superconducting transition temperature for a wide range of two-dimensional materials.

Exact Rank Reduction of Network Models

Eugenio Valdano and Alex Arenas

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031050 (2019) - Published 18 September, 2019

Researchers develop a universal classification scheme for complex networks spanning science, finance, and ecology.

Topology of Three-Dimensional Active Nematic Turbulence Confined to Droplets

Simon Čopar, Jure Aplinc, Žiga Kos, Slobodan Žumer, and Miha Ravnik

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031051 (2019) - Published 23 September, 2019

Numerical modeling supported by topology reveals the turbulent evolution of 3D topological defects in active nematic matter confined to a spherical droplet, a step toward a better understanding of how such defects behave in systems of self-organizing microentities.

Origins of Diamond Surface Noise Probed by Correlating Single-Spin Measurements with Surface Spectroscopy

Sorawis Sangtawesin, Bo L. Dwyer, Srikanth Srinivasan, James J. Allred, Lila V. H. Rodgers, Kristiaan De Greve, Alastair Stacey, Nikolai Dontschuk, Kane M. O’Donnell, Di Hu, D. Andrew Evans, Cherno Jaye, Daniel A. Fischer, Matthew L. Markham, Daniel J. Twitchen, Hongkun Park, Mikhail D. Lukin, and Nathalie P. de Leon

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031052 (2019) - Published 26 September, 2019

Diamond color centers are potentially powerful atomic-scale sensors but suffer from noise. A new technique for controlling the diamond surface reduces this noise tenfold.

General Resource Theories in Quantum Mechanics and Beyond: Operational Characterization via Discrimination Tasks

Ryuji Takagi and Bartosz Regula

Phys. Rev. X 9, 031053 (2019) - Published 30 September, 2019

A unifying framework for quantum resources shows that the utility of many physical phenomena in quantum information processing tasks can be described in a common formalism based on state and channel discrimination.

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