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Beyond linear coupling in microwave optomechanics

D. Cattiaux1, X. Zhou2, S. Kumar1, I. Golokolenov1, R. R. Gazizulin1, A. Luck1, L. Mercier de Lépinay3, M. Sillanpää3, A. D. Armour4 et al.

A. Fefferman1 and E. Collin1,*

  • 1Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institut Néel - CNRS UPR2940, 25 Rue des Martyrs, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
  • 2IEMN, Univ. Lille - CNRS UMR8520, Av. Henri Poincaré, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59650, France
  • 3QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
  • 4Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom

  • *Corresponding author: eddy.collin@neel.cnrs.fr
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Phys. Rev. Research 2, 033480 – Published 24 September, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033480

Abstract

We explore the nonlinear dynamics of a cavity optomechanical system. Our realization consisting of a drumhead nanoelectromechanical resonator (NEMS) coupled to a microwave cavity allows for a nearly ideal platform to study the nonlinearities arising purely due to radiation-pressure physics. Experiments are performed under a strong microwave Stokes pumping which triggers mechanical self-sustained oscillations. We analyze the results in the framework of an extended nonlinear optomechanical theory and demonstrate that quadratic and cubic coupling terms in the opto-mechanical Hamiltonian have to be considered. Quantitative agreement with the measurements is obtained considering only genuine geometrical nonlinearities: no thermo-optical instabilities are observed, in contrast with laser-driven systems. Based on these results, we describe a method to quantify nonlinear properties of microwave optomechanical devices. Such a technique, now available in the quantum electromechanics toolbox, but completely generic, is mandatory for the development of schemes where higher-order coupling terms are proposed as a resource, like quantum nondemolition measurements or in the search for new fundamental quantum signatures, like quantum gravity. We also find that the motion imprints a wide comb of extremely narrow peaks in the microwave output field, which could also be exploited in specific microwave-based measurements, potentially limited only by the quantum noise of the optical and the mechanical fields for a ground-state-cooled NEMS device.

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Phys. Rev. Research 2, 033480– Published 24 September, 2020
  • Received 6 March 2020
  • Revised 30 June 2020
  • Accepted 4 September 2020
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