Volume 92, Issue 17

30 April 2004

Browse Issues:

On the Cover

Particle-in-cell simulation of relativistic ions being ejected from a foil target by an ultraintense ("exawatt") laser pulse. The laser ionizes the target and pushes electrons forward; the ions are then accelerated by the charge separation. Shown is an ion-density isosurface; the black curve shows the ion density along the laser axis.

From the article:

Highly Efficient Relativistic-Ion Generation in the Laser-Piston Regime
T. Esirkepov, M. Borghesi, S. V. Bulanov, G. Mourou, and T. Tajima
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175003 (2004)

LETTERS

General Physics

Anomalies of Weakened Decoherence Criteria for Quantum Histories

Lajos Diósi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 170401 (2004) - Published 26 April, 2004

Excitation Spectroscopy of Vortex Lattices in a Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensate

S. J. Woo, L. O. Baksmaty, S. Choi, and N. P. Bigelow

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 170402 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Ultracold Fermions and the $SU (N)$ Hubbard Model

Carsten Honerkamp and Walter Hofstetter

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 170403 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Reconstructing the Density of States by History-Dependent Metadynamics

Cristian Micheletti, Alessandro Laio, and Michele Parrinello

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 170601 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Gravitation and Astrophysics

New Nucleosynthesis Constraint on the Variation of $G$

Craig J. Copi, Adam N. Davis, and Lawrence M. Krauss

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 171301 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Charged-Particle Decay and Suppression of Primordial Power on Small Scales

Kris Sigurdson and Marc Kamionkowski

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 171302 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Elementary Particles and Fields

Cross Sections and Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries in Forward Neutral-Pion Production from Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200 GeV$

J. Adams et al. (STAR Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 171801 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Upper Bound on the Decay $τ \to μ γ$ from the Belle Detector

K. Abe et al. (Belle Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 171802 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Nuclear Physics

Evidence for $M 1$ Scissors Resonances Built on the Levels in the Quasicontinuum of ${}^{163}{Dy}$

M. Krtička, F. Bečvář, J. Honzátko, I. Tomandl, M. Heil, F. Käppeler, R. Reifarth, F. Voss, and K. Wisshak

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 172501 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

New Approach for Measuring Properties of $r p$ -Process Nuclei

R. R. C. Clement, D. Bazin, W. Benenson, B. A. Brown, A. L. Cole, M. W. Cooper, P. A. DeYoung, A. Estrade, M. A. Famiano, N. H. Frank, A. Gade, T. Glasmacher, P. T. Hosmer, W. G. Lynch, F. Montes, W. F. Mueller, G. F. Peaslee, P. Santi, H. Schatz, B. M. Sherrill, M-J. van Goethem, and M. S. Wallace

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 172502 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Influence of Molecular Structure on Double Ionization of $N_{2}$ and $O_{2}$ by High Intensity Ultrashort Laser Pulses

E. Eremina, X. Liu, H. Rottke, W. Sandner, M. G. Schätzel, A. Dreischuh, G. G. Paulus, H. Walther, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173001 (2004) - Published 26 April, 2004

Slowing Heavy, Ground-State Molecules using an Alternating Gradient Decelerator

M. R. Tarbutt, H. L. Bethlem, J. J. Hudson, V. L. Ryabov, V. A. Ryzhov, B. E. Sauer, G. Meijer, and E. A. Hinds

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173002 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensate in an Optical Surface Trap

D. Rychtarik, B. Engeser, H.-C. Nägerl, and R. Grimm

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173003 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Observation of Enhanced Field-Free Molecular Alignment by Two Laser Pulses

Christer Z. Bisgaard, Mikael D. Poulsen, Emmanuel Péronne, Simon S. Viftrup, and Henrik Stapelfeldt

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173004 (2004) - Published 28 April, 2004

Coupling of Electron Orbital Motion with Rotation in the High Rydberg States of BH

A. T. Gilkison, C. R. Viteri, and E. R. Grant

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173005 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Evaporative Cooling of Helium Nanodroplets with Angular Momentum Conservation

Kevin K. Lehmann and Adriaan M. Dokter

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173401 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Crossed Beam Pump and Probe Dynamics in Metal Clusters

K. Andrae, P.-G. Reinhard, and E. Suraud

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173402 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Excited-State Relaxation of ${Ag}_{8}$ Clusters Embedded in Helium Droplets

Paul Radcliffe, Andreas Przystawik, Thomas Diederich, Tilo Döppner, Josef Tiggesbäumker, and Karl-Heinz Meiwes-Broer

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173403 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Nonlinear Dynamics, Fluid Dynamics, Classical Optics, etc.

Mesoscopic Correlation with Polarization Rotation of Electromagnetic Waves

A. A. Chabanov, N. P. Trégourès, B. A. van Tiggelen, and A. Z. Genack

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173901 (2004) - Published 28 April, 2004

Impact of Weak Localization in the Time Domain

S. K. Cheung, X. Zhang, Z. Q. Zhang, A. A. Chabanov, and A. Z. Genack

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 173902 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Reactive Particles in Random Flows

György Károlyi, Tamás Tél, Alessandro P. S. de Moura, and Celso Grebogi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 174101 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Diffusion and Mixing in Gravity-Driven Dense Granular Flows

Jaehyuk Choi, Arshad Kudrolli, Rodolfo R. Rosales, and Martin Z. Bazant

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 174301 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Noise, Coherent Fluctuations, and the Onset of Order in an Oscillated Granular Fluid

Daniel I. Goldman, J. B. Swift, and Harry L. Swinney

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 174302 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Cavitation Inception on Microparticles: A Self-Propelled Particle Accelerator

Manish Arora, Claus-Dieter Ohl, and Knud Aage Mørch

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 174501 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Ordering Phenomena in Cooling Granular Mixtures

C. Cattuto and Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 174502 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Plasma and Beam Physics

Space-Charge Driven Emittance Growth in a 3D Mismatched Anisotropic Beam

Ji Qiang, Robert D. Ryne, and Ingo Hofmann

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 174801 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Strong Reduction of the Degree of Spatial Coherence of a Laser Beam Propagating through a Preformed Plasma

P. Michel, C. Labaune, H. C. Bandulet, K. Lewis, S. Depierreux, S. Hulin, G. Bonnaud, V. T. Tikhonchuk, S. Weber, G. Riazuelo, H. A. Baldis, and A. Michard

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175001 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Modeling of a Lower-Hybrid Current Drive by Including Spectral Broadening Induced by Parametric Instability in Tokamak Plasmas

R. Cesario, A. Cardinali, C. Castaldo, F. Paoletti, and D. Mazon

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175002 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Highly Efficient Relativistic-Ion Generation in the Laser-Piston Regime

T. Esirkepov, M. Borghesi, S. V. Bulanov, G. Mourou, and T. Tajima

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175003 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Highly Resolved Fluid Flows: “Liquid Plasmas” at the Kinetic Level

Gregor E. Morfill, Milenko Rubin-Zuzic, Hermann Rothermel, Alexei V. Ivlev, Boris A. Klumov, Hubertus M. Thomas, Uwe Konopka, and Victor Steinberg

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175004 (2004) - Published 28 April, 2004

Bifurcation and Lorentz-Factor Scaling of Relativistic Magnetized Plasma Expansion

Edison Liang and Kazumi Nishimura

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175005 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Theory for Explosive Ideal Magnetohydrodynamic Instabilities in Plasmas

H. R. Wilson and S. C. Cowley

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175006 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Amplification of Ultrashort Laser Pulses by a Resonant Raman Scheme in a Gas-Jet Plasma

Yuan Ping, Weifeng Cheng, Szymon Suckewer, Daniel S. Clark, and Nathaniel J. Fisch

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175007 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Condensed Matter: Structure, etc.

Excitations of the Orbital Order in $R {MnO}_{3}$ Manganites: Light Scattering Experiments

L. Martín-Carrón and A. de Andrés

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175501 (2004) - Published 28 April, 2004

Mechanical Properties of Nanosprings

Alexandre F. da Fonseca and Douglas S. Galvão

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175502 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Stability and Mobility of Mono- and Di-Interstitials in $α$ -Fe

Chu-Chun Fu, F. Willaime, and P. Ordejón

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175503 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Driving Force of Stacking-Fault Formation in SiC $p − i − n$ Diodes

S. Ha, M. Skowronski, J. J. Sumakeris, M. J. Paisley, and M. K. Das

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175504 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Metal-to-Semimetal Transition in Supercooled Liquid Silicon

S. S. Ashwin, U. V. Waghmare, and Srikanth Sastry

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 175701 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Bridging the Gap between Macro- and Nanotribology: A Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study of Tricresylphosphate Uptake on Metal and Oxide Surfaces

M. Abdelmaksoud, J. W. Bender, and J. Krim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 176101 (2004) - Published 27 April, 2004

Nanotube Wires on Commensurate InAs Surfaces: Binding Energies, Band Alignments, and Bipolar Doping by the Surfaces

Yong-Hyun Kim, M. J. Heben, and S. B. Zhang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 176102 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Surfactant-Induced Surface Freezing at the Alkane-Water Interface

Qunfang Lei and Colin D. Bain

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 176103 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

“Hot-Atom” $O_{2}$ Dissociation and Oxide Nucleation on Al(111)

Lucio Colombi Ciacchi and Mike C. Payne

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 176104 (2004) - Published 30 April, 2004

Interdisciplinary Physics: Biological Physics, Quantum Information, etc.

Generation and Characterization of Werner States and Maximally Entangled Mixed States by a Universal Source of Entanglement

M. Barbieri, F. De Martini, G. Di Nepi, and P. Mataloni

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 177901 (2004) - Published 28 April, 2004

COMMENTS

Comment on “Higher Surface Energy of Free Nanoparticles”

H. M. Lu and Q. Jiang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 179601 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

Nanda et al. Reply:

K. K. Nanda, A. Maisels, F. E. Kruis, H. Fissan, and S. Stappert

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 179602 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004

ERRATA

Erratum: Electron and Orbital Correlations in ${Ca}_{2 - x} {Sr}_{x} {RuO}_{4}$ Probed by Optical Spectroscopy [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 257402 (2002)]

J. S. Lee, Y. S. Lee, T. W. Noh, S.-J. Oh, Jaejun Yu, S. Nakatsuji, H. Fukazawa, and Y. Maeno

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 179901 (2004) - Published 29 April, 2004