Boundary lubrication:  Dynamics of squeeze-out

S. Zilberman; B. N. J. Persson; A. Nitzan; F. Mugele; M. Salmeron

doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.63.055103

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Boundary lubrication: Dynamics of squeeze-out

S. Zilberman¹, B. N. J. Persson², A. Nitzan¹, F. Mugele³, and M. Salmeron³

¹School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
²Institut für Festkorperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
³Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

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Phys. Rev. E 63, 055103(R) – Published 17 April, 2001

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.63.055103

Abstract

The dynamics of the expulsion of the last liquid monolayer of molecules confined between two surfaces (measured recently for the first time) has been analyzed by solving the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation combined with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Instabilities in the boundary line of the expelled film were observed. We show that the instabilities produce a rough boundary for all length scales above a critical value and a smooth boundary for shorter lengths. The squeezing out of all but a few trapped islands of liquid is shown to be the result of the pressure gradient in the contact area.

References (21)

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B.N.J. Persson, Surf. Sci. Rep. 33, 83 (1999).
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(a) B.N.J. Persson, Chem. Phys. Lett. 324, 231 (2000). (b) See also Fractals and Disordered Systems, edited by A. Bunde and S. Havlin (Springer, Berlin, 1991); (c) J.S. Langer, Phys. Rev. A 36, 3350 (1987); E. Brener, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 3653 (1993).
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[c1] B.N.J. Persson, Sliding Friction: Physical Principles and Applications, 2nd ed. (Springer, Heidelberg, 2000).

[c2] B.N.J. Persson, Surf. Sci. Rep. 33, 83 (1999).

[c3] J. Krim, Sci. Am. 275, 74 (1996).

[c4] J.N. Israelachvili, Intermolecular and Surface Forces (Academic Press, London, 1995).

[c5] M.L. Gee, P.M. McGuiggan, and J.N. Israelachvili, J. Chem. Phys. 93, 1895 (1990).

[c6] J. Gao et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 705 (1997).

[c7] H. Tamura et al., Langmuir 15, 7816 (1999).

[c8] F. Mugele and M. Salmeron, J. Chem. Phys. 114, 1831 (2000).

[c9] L. Demirel and S. Granick, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 6889 (1998).

[c10] J. Klein et al., Science 269, 816 (1995).

[c11] E. Kumacheva et al., J. Chem. Phys. 108, 7010 (1998).

[c12] B.N.J. Persson and E. Tosatti, Phys. Rev. B 50, 5590 (1994).

[c13] (a) B.N.J. Persson, Chem. Phys. Lett. 324, 231 (2000). (b) See also Fractals and Disordered Systems, edited by A. Bunde and S. Havlin (Springer, Berlin, 1991); (c) J.S. Langer, Phys. Rev. A 36, 3350 (1987); E. Brener, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 3653 (1993).

[c14] B.N.J. Persson and P. Ballone, Solid State Commun. 115, 599 (2000).

[c15] B.N.J. Persson and P. Ballone, J. Chem. Phys. 112, 9524 (2000).

[c16] F. Mugele and M. Salmeron, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5796 (2000).

[c17] F. Mugele, S. Baldelli, G.A. Somorjai, and M. Salmeron, J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 3140 (2000).

[c18] F. Mugele and M. Salmeron, J. Chem. Phys. (to be published).

[c19] D. Kessler, J. Koplik, and H. Levine, Adv. Phys. 37, 255 (1988).

[c20] P. Wesseling, An Introduction to Multigrid Methods (Wiley and Sons, New York, 1992).

[c21] Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1988).

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