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Nematic liquid crystal in a tube: The Fréedericksz transition

D. R. M. Williams

A. Halperin

  • Laboratoire de la Matière Condensée, Collège de France, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France

  • Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Centre d’Etudes Nucléaires–Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France

Phys. Rev. E 48, R2366(R) – Published 1 October, 1993

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.48.R2366

Abstract

We study the configurations of a nematic liquid crystal confined between two concentric cylinders, of radii r1 and ρr1>r1, with homeotropic anchoring conditions at the walls. For ρ<ρc=exp[π √(Kb/Ks) ] the director is purely radial, while for ρ>ρc the director ‘‘escapes into the third dimension’’ and gains an axial component. This represents a geometrically induced Fréedericksz-like transition. When combined with a radial field and a nematic liquid crystal with a dielectric anisotropy ε-ε>0, the critical voltage of the Fréedericksz transition can be made arbitrarily small. This is of interest for liquid-crystal displays, since in the planar geometry the critical voltage is a material constant. A related temperature-induced Fréedericksz-like transition is expected in semiflexible nematic polymers.

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