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Simple fluid with broken time-reversal invariance

Niklas Grimm1, Annette Zippelius2, and Matthias Fuchs1

  • 1Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
  • 2Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany

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Phys. Rev. E 106, 034604 – Published 8 September, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.106.034604

Abstract

We characterize a system of hard spheres with a simple collision rule that breaks time-reversal symmetry but conserves energy. The collisions lead to an achiral, isotropic, and homogeneous stationary state whose properties are determined in simulations and compared to an approximate theory originally developed for elastic hard spheres. In the nonequilibrium fluid state, velocities are correlated, a phenomenon known from other nonequilibrium stationary states. The correlations are long-ranged decaying like 1/rD in D dimensions. Such correlations are expected on general grounds far from equilibrium and had previously been observed in driven or nonstationary systems.

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Outline

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Phys. Rev. E 106, 034604– Published 8 September, 2022
  • Received 21 April 2022
  • Accepted 28 July 2022
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