Production and Propagation of Particles with <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>A</mi><mo>></mo><mn></mn><mn>81</mn><mn></mn></math></span> in the Galaxy

T. B. Kaiser; J. R. Wayland; G. Gloeckler

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.5.307

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Production and Propagation of Particles with $A > 81$ in the Galaxy

T. B. Kaiser, J. R. Wayland^*, and G. Gloeckler^†

Center for Theoretical Physics of the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742

^*Present address: Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
^†Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Fellow.

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Phys. Rev. D 5, 307 – Published 15 January, 1972

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.5.307

Abstract

A detailed mathematical model is developed to describe the transformation of the charge composition of superheavy ( $A > 81$ ) cosmic rays by spallation on interstellar hydrogen in the galaxy. If one takes a single source which suddenly injects particles with an $r$ -process charge spectrum $t_{0}$ years in the past, the calculated relative abundance ratios in four atomic mass groups are consistent with measured values for $t_{0} \approx 2.5 \times 10^{5}$ years. We further conclude that for any initial source distribution the upper limit on $t_{0}$ is $10^{6}$ years.

References (21)

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R. L. Fleischer, P. B. Price, R. M. Walker, M. Maurette, and G. Morgan, J. Geophys. Res. 72, 355 (1967)
P. H. Fowler, R. A. Adams, V. G. Cowen, and J. M. Kidd, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A301, 39 (1967)
M. M. Shapiro, R. Silberberg, and C. H. Tsao, Acta Phys. Acad. Sci. Hung. 29, Suppl. 1, 479 (1970)
G. Gloeckler and J. R. Jokipii, Phys. Rev. Letters 22, 1448 (1969)
R. Ramaty, D. V. Reames, and R. E. Lingenfelter, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 913 (1970)
V. L. Ginzburg and S. I. Syrovatskii, The Origin of Cosmic Rays (MacMillan, New York, 1964)
J. R. Wayland, Planetary Space Sci. 17, 1619 (1969)
J. R. Jokipii and E. N. Parker, Astrophys. J. 155, 799 (1969)
F. C. Jones, Astrophys. J. 169, 477 (1971)
M. J. Longo, in Proceedings of the Topical Conference on High-Energy Collisions of Hadrons, CERN, 1968 (CERN, Geneva, 1968)
G. Rudstam, Z. Naturforsch. 21A, 1027 (1966)
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[c1] G. E. Blanford, M. W. Friedlander, J. Klarmann, R. M. Walker, J. P. Wefel, W. C. Wells, R. L. Fleischer, G. E. Nichols, and P. B. Price, Phys. Rev. Letters 23, 338 (1969)

[c2] R. L. Fleischer, P. B. Price, R. M. Walker, M. Maurette, and G. Morgan, J. Geophys. Res. 72, 355 (1967)

[c3] P. H. Fowler, R. A. Adams, V. G. Cowen, and J. M. Kidd, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A301, 39 (1967)

[c4] M. M. Shapiro, R. Silberberg, and C. H. Tsao, Acta Phys. Acad. Sci. Hung. 29, Suppl. 1, 479 (1970)

[c5] G. Gloeckler and J. R. Jokipii, Phys. Rev. Letters 22, 1448 (1969)

[c6] R. Ramaty, D. V. Reames, and R. E. Lingenfelter, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 913 (1970)

[c7] V. L. Ginzburg and S. I. Syrovatskii, The Origin of Cosmic Rays (MacMillan, New York, 1964)

[c8] J. R. Wayland, Planetary Space Sci. 17, 1619 (1969)

[c9] J. R. Jokipii and E. N. Parker, Astrophys. J. 155, 799 (1969)

[c10] F. C. Jones, Astrophys. J. 169, 477 (1971)

[c11] M. J. Longo, in Proceedings of the Topical Conference on High-Energy Collisions of Hadrons, CERN, 1968 (CERN, Geneva, 1968)

[c12] G. Rudstam, Z. Naturforsch. 21A, 1027 (1966)

[c13] H. S. Carslaw and J. C. Jaeger, Conduction of Heat in Solids (Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, England, 1959)

[c14] C. J. Waddington, Astrophys. Space Sci. 5, 3 (1969)

[c15] H. Winzeler, Nucl. Phys. 69, 661 (1965)

[c16] P. H. Fowler, J. M. Kidd, and R. L. Moses, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A318, 1 (1970)

[c17] P. H. Fowler, R. A. Adams, V. G. Cowen, and J. M. Kidd, Acta Phys. Acad. Sci. Hung. 29, Suppl. 1, 399 (1970)

[c18] G. E. Blanford, M. W. Friedlander, J. Klarmann, R. M. Walker, J. P. Wefel, and W. C. Wells, Acta Phys. Acad. Sci. Hung. 29, Suppl. 1, 423 (1970)

[c19] P. B. Price, P. H. Fowler, J. M. Kidd, E. J. Kobetich, R. L. Fleischer, and B. E. Nichols, Phys. Rev. D 3, 815 (1971)

[c20] P. A. Seeger, W. A. Fowler, and D. D. Clayton, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 11, 121 (1965)

[c21] R. V. Wagoner, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 18, 247 (1969)

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Production and Propagation of Particles with $A > 81$ in the Galaxy

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Production and Propagation of Particles with A>81 in the Galaxy

Abstract

References (21)

Production and Propagation of Particles with $A > 81$ in the Galaxy