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$Σ^{+} \to p ℓ^{+} ℓ^{-}$ decays within the standard model and beyond

Arnab Roy ^1,*, Jusak Tandean ^2,†, and German Valencia ^1,‡

¹School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
²Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

^*Contact author: arnab.roy1@monash.edu
^†Contact author: jtandean@yahoo.com
^‡Contact author: german.valencia@monash.edu

Phys. Rev. D 111, 013003 – Published 10 January, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.013003

Abstract

Motivated by the LHCb measurement of the hyperon decay mode $Σ^{+} \to p μ^{+} μ^{-}$ and prospects for improvement, we revisit the estimates for the rate and muon forward-backward asymmetry within the standard model and beyond. The standard model prediction has a fourfold ambiguity, and we suggest ways to resolve it with other measurements, including possible studies of $Σ^{+} \to p e^{+} e^{-}$ in the BESIII and LHCb experiments. We use the recent BESIII measurements of $Σ^{+} \to p γ$ and $Σ^{+} \to N π$ to reduce the uncertainty in the long-distance contribution to $Σ^{+} \to p μ^{+} μ^{-}$ . Beyond the standard model, we consider a general effective Hamiltonian at low energy with ten operators whose Wilson coefficients parametrize the new physics. We derive expressions for the $Σ^{+} \to p μ^{+} μ^{-}$ rate and the associated muon forward-backward asymmetry in terms of these coefficients. Finally, we present the constraints on these Wilson coefficients that result from both kaon and hyperon decays and emphasize their complementarity.

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Phys. Rev. D 111, 013003– Published 10 January, 2025

Vol. 111, Iss. 1 — 1 January 2025

Received 28 September 2024
Accepted 10 December 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.013003

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

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$Σ^{+} \to p ℓ^{+} ℓ^{-}$ decays within the standard model and beyond

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Σ+→pℓ+ℓ− decays within the standard model and beyond

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$Σ^{+} \to p ℓ^{+} ℓ^{-}$ decays within the standard model and beyond