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Nanoscale spin-wave frequency-selective limiter for 5G technology

Kristýna Davídková1,2,*, Khrystyna Levchenko1, Florian Bruckner1, Roman Verba3, Fabian Majcen1,2, Qi Wang4, Morris Lindner5, Carsten Dubs5, Vincent Vlaminck6 et al.

Jan Klíma7, Michal Urbánek7,8, Dieter Suess1, and Andrii Chumak1,†

  • *Contact author: kristyna.davidkova@univie.ac.at
  • †Contact author: andrii.chumak@univie.ac.at
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Phys. Rev. Applied 23, 034026 – Published 13 March, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.23.034026

Abstract

Power limiters are essential devices in modern rf communication systems to protect highly sensitive input channels from large incoming signals. Nowadays-used semiconductor limiters suffer from high electronic noise and switching delays when approaching the GHz range, which is crucial for the modern generation of 5G communication technologies aiming to operate at the EU 5G high band (24.25–27.5 GHz). The proposed solution is to use ferrite-based frequency selective limiters (FSLs), which maintain their efficiency at high GHz frequencies, although they have only been studied at the macroscale so far. In this study, we demonstrate a proof of concept of nanoscale FSLs. The devices are based on spin-wave transmission affected by four-magnon scattering phenomena in a 97-nm-thin yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film. Spin waves were excited and detected using coplanar waveguide (CPW) transducers of the smallest feature size of 250nm. The FSLs are tested in the frequency range up to 25GHz, and the key parameters are extracted (power threshold, power limiting level, insertion losses, bandwidth) for different spin-wave modes and transducer lengths. An analytical theory has been formulated to describe the fundamental physical processes, and a numerical model has been developed to quantitatively describe the insertion losses and power characteristics of the FSLs. Additionally, the perspective of the spin-wave devices is discussed, including the possibility of simultaneously integrating three devices into one: a frequency-selective limiter, an rf filter, and a delay line, allowing for more efficient use of space and energy.

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Phys. Rev. Applied 23, 034026– Published 13 March, 2025
  • Received 13 November 2024
  • Revised 30 January 2025
  • Accepted 4 February 2025
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