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Method for In-Solution, High-Throughput T1 Relaxometry Using Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

Erin S. Grant1,*, Mina Barzegar Amiri Olia2, Yang Li3, Ella P. Walsh1, Gawain McColl4, Liam T. Hall5, and David A. Simpson1,†

  • 1School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
  • 2Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
  • 3School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
  • 4Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
  • 5CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia

  • *erin.grant@unimelb.edu.au
  • †simd@unimelb.edu.au
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Phys. Rev. Applied 20, 034018 – Published 11 September, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.20.034018

Abstract

Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have been exploited as sensitive quantum probes for nanoscale chemical and biological sensing applications, with the majority of demonstrations to date relying on the detection of single FNDs containing either single nitrogen vacancies or nitrogen-vacancy ensembles. This places significant limits on the measurement time, throughput and statistical significance of a measured result as there is usually marked inhomogeneity within FND samples. Here, we have developed a measurement platform that can report the T1 spin relaxation time from a large ensemble of FNDs in solution. We first describe a refined sensing protocol for this modality and then use it to identify the optimal FND size for the detection of paramagnetic targets. Our approach is simple to set up, robust and can be used for rapid material characterization for a variety of in-situ quantum sensing applications.

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Phys. Rev. Applied 20, 034018– Published 11 September, 2023
  • Received 2 December 2022
  • Revised 10 May 2023
  • Accepted 26 July 2023
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