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The modern era of light kaonic atom experiments

Catalina Curceanu*, Carlo Guaraldo, Mihail Iliescu, Michael Cargnelli, Ryugo Hayano, Johann Marton, Johann Zmeskal, Tomoichi Ishiwatari, Masa Iwasaki et al.

Catalina Curceanu*, Carlo Guaraldo, and Mihail Iliescu

  • INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, CP 13, Via E. Fermi 40, I-00044, Frascati (Roma), Italy

Michael Cargnelli, Ryugo Hayano, Johann Marton, and Johann Zmeskal

  • Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

Tomoichi Ishiwatari

  • I’s factory, Muneyasu 2nd building, 1-33 Kanda-Nishikicho Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan

Masa Iwasaki and Shinji Okada

  • RIKEN, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan

Diana Laura Sirghi

  • INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, CP 13, Via E. Fermi 40, I-00044, Frascati (Roma), Italy and Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Str. Reactorului no. 30, P.O. BOX MG-6, Bucharest - Magurele, Romania

Hideyuki Tatsuno

  • Lund Univeristy, Box 117, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden

  • *Catalina.Curceanu@lnf.infn.it
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Rev. Mod. Phys. 91, 025006 – Published 20 June, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.91.025006

Abstract

This review covers the modern era of experimental kaonic atom studies, encompassing 20 years of activity, defined by breakthroughs in technological developments which allowed performing a series of long-awaited precision measurements. Kaonic atoms are atomic systems where an electron is replaced by a negatively charged kaon, containing the strange quark, which interacts in the lowest orbits with the nucleus also by the strong interaction. As a result, their study offers the unique opportunity to perform experiments equivalent to scattering at vanishing relative energy. This allows one to study the strong interaction between the antikaon and the nucleon or the nucleus “at threshold,” namely, at zero relative energy, without the need of ad hoc extrapolation to zero energy, as in scattering experiments. The fast progress achieved in performing precision light kaonic atom experiments, which also solved long-pending inconsistencies with theoretical calculations generated by old measurements, relies on the development of novel cryogenic targets, x-ray detectors, and the availability of pure and intense charged kaon beams, which propelled an unprecedented progress in the field. Future experiments, based on new undergoing technological developments, will further boost the kaonic atom studies, thus fostering a deeper understanding of the low-energy strong interaction extended to the second family of quarks.

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 91, 025006– Published 20 June, 2019
  • Received 13 July 2017
Article part of CHORUS
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