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Quantum-enhanced measurements without entanglement

Daniel Braun*, Gerardo Adesso, Fabio Benatti, Roberto Floreanini, Ugo Marzolino, Morgan W. Mitchell, and Stefano Pirandola

Daniel Braun*

  • Institute of Theoretical Physics, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany

Gerardo Adesso

  • Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems (CQNE), School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom

Fabio Benatti

  • Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34151 Trieste, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, 34151 Trieste, Italy

Roberto Floreanini

  • Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, 34151 Trieste, Italy

Ugo Marzolino

  • Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia and Division of Theoretical Physics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

Morgan W. Mitchell

  • ICFO—Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain and ICREA—Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08015 Barcelona, Spain

Stefano Pirandola

  • Computer Science and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, University of York, York YO10 5GH, United Kingdom

  • *daniel.braun@uni-tuebingen.de
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Rev. Mod. Phys. 90, 035006 – Published 5 September, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.90.035006

Abstract

Quantum-enhanced measurements exploit quantum mechanical effects for increasing the sensitivity of measurements of certain physical parameters and have great potential for both fundamental science and concrete applications. Most of the research has so far focused on using highly entangled states, which are, however, difficult to produce and to stabilize for a large number of constituents. In the following alternative mechanisms are reviewed, notably the use of more general quantum correlations such as quantum discord, identical particles, or nontrivial Hamiltonians; the estimation of thermodynamical parameters or parameters characterizing nonequilibrium states; and the use of quantum phase transitions. Both theoretically achievable enhancements and enhanced sensitivities not primarily based on entanglement that have already been demonstrated experimentally and indicate some possible future research directions are described.

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 90, 035006– Published 5 September, 2018
  • Received 6 February 2017
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