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Continuous-variable optical quantum-state tomography

A. I. Lvovsky* and M. G. Raymer†

A. I. Lvovsky*

  • Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4

M. G. Raymer†

  • Department of Physics and Oregon Center for Optics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA

  • *lvov@ucalgary.ca
  • †raymer@uoregon.edu
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Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 299 – Published 16 March, 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.81.299

Abstract

This review covers the latest developments in continuous-variable quantum-state tomography of optical fields and photons, placing a special emphasis on its practical aspects and applications in quantum-information technology. Optical homodyne tomography is reviewed as a method of reconstructing the state of light in a given optical mode. A range of relevant practical topics is discussed, such as state-reconstruction algorithms (with emphasis on the maximum-likelihood technique), the technology of time-domain homodyne detection, mode-matching issues, and engineering of complex quantum states of light. The paper also surveys quantum-state tomography for the transverse spatial state (spatial mode) of the field in the special case of fields containing precisely one photon.

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 299– Published 16 March, 2009

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