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Colloquium: The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox: From concepts to applications

M. D. Reid, P. D. Drummond, W. P. Bowen, E. G. Cavalcanti, P. K. Lam, H. A. Bachor, U. L. Andersen, and G. Leuchs

M. D. Reid and P. D. Drummond

  • ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum-Atom Optics and Centre for Atom Optics and Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Melbourne, Victoria 3122 Australia

W. P. Bowen

  • School of Physical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia

E. G. Cavalcanti

  • Centre for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia

P. K. Lam and H. A. Bachor

  • ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum-Atom Optics, Building 38, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia

U. L. Andersen

  • Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Building 309, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark

G. Leuchs

  • Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light and Department of Physics, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 1727 – Published 10 December, 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.81.1727

Abstract

This Colloquium examines the field of the Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR) gedanken experiment, from the original paper of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen, through to modern theoretical proposals of how to realize both the continuous-variable and discrete versions of the EPR paradox. The relationship with entanglement and Bell’s theorem are analyzed, and the progress to date towards experimental confirmation of the EPR paradox is summarized, with a detailed treatment of the continuous-variable paradox in laser-based experiments. Practical techniques covered include continuous-wave parametric amplifier and optical fiber quantum soliton experiments. Current proposals for extending EPR experiments to massive-particle systems are discussed, including spin squeezing, atomic position entanglement, and quadrature entanglement in ultracold atoms. Finally, applications of this technology to quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, and entanglement swapping are examined.

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 1727– Published 10 December, 2009

    © 2009 American Physical Society

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