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Quantum cloning

Valerio Scarani*, Sofyan Iblisdir†, Nicolas Gisin‡, and Antonio Acín§

Valerio Scarani*, Sofyan Iblisdir†, and Nicolas Gisin‡

  • Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, 20, rue de l’Ecole-de-Médecine, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland

Antonio Acín§

  • ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, 29 Jordi Girona, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain

  • *Electronic address: valerio.scarani@physics.unige.ch
  • †Electronic address: sofyan.iblisdir@physics.unige.ch
  • ‡Electronic address: nicolas.gisin@physics.unige.ch
  • §Electronic address: antonio.acin@icfo.es
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Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1225 – Published 8 November, 2005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.77.1225

Abstract

The impossibility of perfectly copying (or cloning) an unknown quantum state is one of the basic rules governing the physics of quantum systems. The processes that perform the optimal approximate cloning have been found in many cases. These “quantum cloning machines” are important tools for studying a wide variety of tasks, e.g., state estimation and eavesdropping on quantum cryptography. This paper provides a comprehensive review of quantum cloning machines both for discrete-dimensional and for continuous-variable quantum systems. In addition, it presents the role of cloning in quantum cryptography, the link between optimal cloning and light amplification via stimulated emission, and the experimental demonstrations of optimal quantum cloning.

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1225– Published 8 November, 2005

    © 2005 American Physical Society

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