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How to detect fluctuating stripes in the high-temperature superconductors

S. A. Kivelson, I. P. Bindloss, E. Fradkin, V. Oganesyan, J. M. Tranquada, A. Kapitulnik, and C. Howald

S. A. Kivelson and I. P. Bindloss

  • Department of Physics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA

E. Fradkin

  • Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA

V. Oganesyan

  • Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA

J. M. Tranquada

  • Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA

A. Kapitulnik and C. Howald

  • Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4045, USA

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 1201 – Published 8 October, 2003

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.75.1201

Abstract

This article discusses fluctuating order in a quantum disordered phase proximate to a quantum critical point, with particular emphasis on fluctuating stripe order. Optimal strategies are derived for extracting information concerning such local order from experiments, with emphasis on neutron scattering and scanning tunneling microscopy. These ideas are tested by application to two model systems—an exactly solvable one-dimensional (1D) electron gas with an impurity, and a weakly interacting 2D electron gas. Experiments on the cuprate high-temperature superconductors which can be analyzed using these strategies are extensively reviewed. The authors adduce evidence that stripe correlations are widespread in the cuprates. They compare and contrast the advantages of two limiting perspectives on the high-temperature superconductor: weak coupling, in which correlation effects are treated as a perturbation on an underlying metallic (although renormalized) Fermi-liquid state, and strong coupling, in which the magnetism is associated with well-defined localized spins, and stripes are viewed as a form of micro phase separation. The authors present quantitative indicators that the latter view better accounts for the observed stripe phenomena in the cuprates.

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 1201– Published 8 October, 2003

    © 2003 American Physical Society

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