- Access by Xinjiang University
Intrinsic reflection asymmetry in atomic nuclei
Rev. Mod. Phys. 68, 349 – Published 1 April, 1996
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.68.349
Abstract
The experimental and theoretical evidence for intrinsic reflection-asymmetric shapes in nuclei is reviewed. The theoretical methods discussed cover a wide spectrum, from mean-field theory and its extensions to algebraic and cluster approaches. The experimental data for nuclear ground states and at low and high spin, cited as evidence for reflection asymmetry, are collected and categorized. The extensive data on electric dipole transition moments and their theoretical interpretation are surveyed, along with available data on electric octupole moments. The evidence for reflection-asymmetric molecular states in light nuclei is summarized. The application of reflection-asymmetric theories to descriptions of the fission barrier, bimodal fission, superdeformation, and hyperdeformations is reviewed, and some other perspectives in the wider context of nuclear physics are also given. [S0034-6861(96)00102-X]
References (702)
- Abbas, A., N. Auerbach, N. Van Giai, and L. Zamick, 1981, Nucl. Phys. A 367, 189
- Abbas, A., and L. Zamick, 1980, Phys. Rev. C 80, 1755
- Abdul-Hadi, A., V. Barci, B. Weiss, H. Maria, G. Ardisson, M. Hussonnois, and O. Constantinescu, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 47, 94
- Åberg, S., 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 520, 35c
- Åberg, S., 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 557, 17c
- Åberg, S., H. Flocard, and W. Nazarewicz, 1990, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 40, 439
- Åberg, S., S. E. Larsson, P. Möller, S. G. Nilsson, G. Leander, and I. Ragnarsson, 1980, in Physics and Chemistry of Fission 1979 (IAEA, Vienna), Vol. I, p. 303
- Ackermann, B., H. Baltzer, C. Ensel, K. Freitag, V. Grafen, C. Günther, P. Herzog, J. Manns, M. Marten-Tölle, U. Müller, J. Prinz, I. Romanski, R. Tölle, J. deBoer, N. Gollwitzer, and H. J. Maier, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 559, 61
- Ackermann, B., T. Bihn, P. A. Butler, V. Grafen, C. Günther, J. R. Hughes, G. D. Jones, Ch. Lauterbach, H. J. Maier, M. Marten-Tölle, R. Tölle, R. Wadsworth, D. L. Watson, and C. A. White, 1989, Z. Phys. A 332, 375
- Adelberger, E. G., and W. C. Haxton, 1985, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 35, 501
- Afanasjev, A. V., 1993, J. Phys. G 19, L143 ibid.20, 511(E)
- Afanasjev, A. V., T. V. Guseva, and J. J. Tambergs, 1991, Izv. Akad. Nauk. 55, 2223
- Afanasjev, A. V., and S. Mizutori, 1995, Z. Phys. A 353, 267
- Afanasjev, A. V., and I. Ragnarsson, 1995, Phys. Rev. C 51, 1259
- Agassi, D., H. J. Lipkin, and N. Meshkov, 1966, Nucl. Phys. 86, 321
- Ahmad, I., and P. A. Butler, 1993, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 43, 71
- Ahmad, I., R. R. Chasman, J. E. Gindler, and A. M. Friedman, 1984, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 503
- Ahmad, S. A., C. Ekström, W. Klempt, R. Neugart, E. W. Otten, and K. Wendt, 1984, in Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants, AMCO-7, edited by O. Klepper (Seeheim, Darmstadt), p. 361
- Ahmad, I., J. E. Gindler, R. R. Betts, R. R. Chasman, and A. M. Friedman, 1982, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1758
- Ahmad, I., J. E. Gindler, M. P. Carpenter, D. J. Henderson, E. F. Moore, R. V. F. Janssens, I. G. Bearden, and C. C. Foster, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 576, 246
- Ahmad, I., J. E. Gindler, A. M. Friedman, R. R. Chasman, and T. Ishii, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 472, 285
- Ahmad, I., R. Holzmann, R. V. F. Janssens, P. Dendooven, M. Huyse, G. Reusen, J. Wauters, and P. Van Duppen, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 505, 257
- Ahmad, S. A., W. Klempt, C. Ekström, R. Neugart, and K. Wendt, 1985, Z. Phys. A 321, 35
- Ahmad, S. A., W. Klempt, R. Neugart, E. W. Otten, P.-G. Reinhard, G. Ulm, and K. Wendt, 1988, Nucl. Phys. A 483, 244
- Ahmad, S. A., W. Klempt, R. Neugart, E. W. Otten, K. Wendt, C. Ekström, and the ISOLDE Collaboration, 1983, Phys. Lett. B 133, 47
- Aïche, M., M. Bentaleb, Ch. Briançon, A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, J.S. Dionisio, J. Fernández-Niello, R. Kulessa, E. Lubkiewicz, C. Mittag, F. Riess, E. Ruchowska, N. Schulz, A. Seghour, J.C. Sens, Ch. Vieu, and M. Wieland, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 567, 685
- Aïche, M., A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, S. Hulne, S. Khazrouni, N. Schulz, and J.C. Sens, 1988, J. Phys. G 14, 1191
- Ajzenberg-Selove, F., 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 460, 1
- Ajzenberg-Selove, F., 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 475, 1
- Alder, K., A. Bohr, T. Huus, B.R. Mottelson, and A. Winther, 1956, Rev. Mod. Phys. 28, 432
- Alhassid, Y., M. Gai, and G.F. Bertsch, 1982, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1482
- Alikov, B.A., Kh.N. Badalov, V.O. Nesterenko, A.V. Sushkov, and J. Wawryszczuk, 1988, Z. Phys. A 331, 265
- Alkhazov, G.D., A.E. Barzakh, V.A. Bolshakov, V.P. Denisov, V.S. Ivanov, Yu.Ya. Sergeyev, I.Ya. Chubukov, V.I. Tikhonov, V.S. Letokhov, V.I. Mishin, S.K. Sekatsky, and V.N. Fedoseyev, 1990, Z. Phys. A 337, 257
- Alonso, C.E., J.M. Arias, A. Frank, H.M. Sofia, S.M. Lenzi, and A. Vitturi, 1995, Nucl. Phys. A 586, 100
- Amiet, J.-P., and P. Huguenin, 1963, Nucl. Phys. 63, 171
- Amiet, J.-P., and P. Huguenin, 1966, Nucl. Phys. 80, 353
- Andersen, E., M.J.G. Borge, D.G. Burke, H. Gietz, P. Hill, N. Kaffrell, W. Kurcewicz, G. Løvhøiden, S. Mattsson, R.A. Naumann, K. Nybø, G. Nyman, and T.F. Thorsteinsen, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 491, 290
- Arima, A., H. Horiuchi, and T. Sebe, 1967, Phys. Lett. B 24, 129
- Arima, A., and F. Iachello, 1975, Phys. Lett. B 57, 39
- Arima, A., and F. Iachello, 1976, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 99, 253
- Arita, K., 1994, Phys. Lett. B 336, 279
- Arita, K., and K. Matsuyanagi, 1993, Prog. Theor. Phys. 89, 389
- Arita, K., and K. Matsuyanagi, 1994, Prog. Theor. Phys. 91, 723
- Arita, K., and K. Matsuyanagi, 1995, Nucl. Phys. A 592, 9
- Artemov, K.P., M.S. Sokolov, V.V. Pankratov, and V.P. Rudakov, 1995, Yad. Fiz. 58, 219
- Asaro, F., F. Stephens, Jr., and I. Perlman, 1953, Phys. Rev. 92, 1495
- Asghar, M., N. Boucheneb, G. Medkour, P. Geltenbort, and B. Leroux, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 560, 677
- Assenbaum, H.J., K. Langanke, and A. Weiguny, 1984, Z. Phys. A 318, 35
- Auerbach, N., 1992, Phys. Rev. C 45, R514
- Auerbach, N., J.D. Bowman, and V. Spevak, 1995, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2638
- Aufmuth, P., K. Heilig, and A. Steudel, 1987, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 37, 455
- Back, B.B, H.C. Britt, J.D. Garrett, and O. Hansen, 1972, Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 1707
- Badea, M., A.A. Raduta, and H. Stock, 1978, Phys. Scr. 18, 167
- Bal'butsev, E.B., I.V. Molodtsova, and I. Piperova, 1991, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 53, 419
- Baldock, R.A., and R.A. Stratton, 1985, J. Phys. G 11, 515
- Balian, R., and C. Bloch, 1972, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 69, 76
- Balodis, M.K., N.D. Kramer, P.T. Prokofjev, A.V. Afanasjev, T.V. Guseva, J.J. Tambergs, K. Schreckenbach, W.F. Davidson, D.D. Warner, J.A. Pinston, P.H.M. Van Assche, and A.M.J. Spits, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 523, 261
- Barfield, A.F., B.R. Barrett, J.L. Wood, and O. Scholten, 1988, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 182, 344
- Barfield, A.F., P. von Brentano, A. Dewald, K.O. Zell, N.V. Zamfir, D. Bucurescu, M. Ivaşcu, and O. Scholten, 1989, Z. Phys. A 332, 29
- Barfield, A.F., J.L. Wood, and B.R. Barrett, 1986, Phys. Rev. C 34, 2001
- Bargioni, L., P.G. Bizzeti, A.M. Bizzeti-Sona, D. Bazzacco, S. Lunardi, P. Pavan, C. Rossi-Alvarez, G. de Angelis, G. Maron, and J. Rico, 1995, Phys. Rev. C 51, R1057
- Barranco, F., E. Vigezzi, R.A. Broglia, and G.F. Bertsch, 1988, Phys. Rev. C 38, 1523
- Barts, B.I., E.V. Inopin, and N.A. Shlyakhov, 1984, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 40, 423
- Barwick, S.W., P.B. Price, H.L. Ravn, E. Hourani, and M. Hussonnois, 1986, Phys. Rev. C 34, 362
- Bassichis, W.H., and J.P. Svenne, 1967, Phys. Rev. Lett. 18, 80
- Basu, S., J.M. Chatterjee, D. Banik, R.K. Chattopadhyay, R.P. Sharma, and S.K. Pardha Saradhi, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 650
- Bauer, W., D. McGrew, V. Zelevinsky, and P. Schuck, 1994, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3771
- Bauhoff, W., 1982, Z. Phys. A 305, 187
- Bauhoff, W., H. Schultheis, and R. Schultheis, 1980, Phys. Rev. C 22, 861
- Bauhoff, W., H. Schultheis, and R. Schultheis, 1984, Phys. Rev. C 29, 1046
- Baumann, F.-M., K.Th. Brinkmann, H. Freiesleben, J. Kiesewetter, and H. Sohlbach, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 502, 271c
- Baye, D., and P. Descouvemont, 1983, Nucl. Phys. A 407, 77
- Baye, D., and P. Descouvemont, 1984, Phys. Lett. B 146, 285
- Bemis, C.E., Jr., F.K. McGowan, J.L.C. Ford, Jr., W.T. Milner, R.L. Robinson, and P.H. Stelson, 1988, Phys. Scr. 38, 657
- Bengtsson, T., M.E. Faber, G. Leander, P. Möller, M. Ploszajczak, I. Ragnarsson, and S. Åberg, 1981, Phys. Scr. 24, 200
- Bengtsson, R., I. Ragnarsson, S. Åberg, A. Gyurkovich, A. Sobiczewski, and K. Pomorski, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 473, 77
- Berger, J.F., M. Girod, and D. Gogny, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 502, 85c
- Bernthal, F.M., and J.O. Rasmussen, 1967, Nucl. Phys. A 101, 513
- Bertsch, G.F., and W. Bertozzi, 1971, Nucl. Phys. A 165, 199
- Bertsch, G.F., and J. Foxwell, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 41, 1300
- Bès, D.R., 1963, Nucl. Phys. 49, 544
- Bhandari, B.S., and A.S. Al-Kharam, 1989, Phys. Rev. C 39, 917
- Bjørnholm, S., and J.E. Lynn, 1980, Rev. Mod. Phys. 52, 725
- Bleuler, K., and Ch. Terreaux, 1957, Helv. Phys. Acta 30, 183
- Błocki, J., F. Brut, T. Srokowski, and W. Swiatecki, 1992, Nucl. Phys. A 545, 511c
- Błocki, J., and W. Kurcewicz, 1969, Phys. Lett. B 30, 458
- Błocki, J., J.-J. Shi, and W. Swiatecki, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 554, 387
- Błocki, J., J. Skalski, and W. Swiatecki, 1995, Preprint No. LBL-37241
- Blomquist, J., and A. Molinari, 1968, Nucl. Phys. A 106, 545
- Blons, J., 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 502, 121c
- Blons, J., C. Mazur, and D. Paya, 1975, Phys. Rev. Lett. 35, 1749
- Blons, J., C. Mazur, D. Paya, M. Ribrag, and H. Weigmann, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 1282
- Blons, J., C. Mazur, D. Paya, M. Ribrag, and H. Weigmann, 1984, Nucl. Phys. 414, 1
- Bohr, A., 1952, K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk. Mat.-Fys. Medd. 26, No. 14
- Bohr, A., 1976, Rev. Mod. Phys. 48, 365
- Bohr, A., and B.R. Mottelson, 1957, Nucl. Phys. 4, 529
- Bohr, A., and B.R. Mottelson, 1958, Nucl. Phys. 9, 687
- Bohr, A., and B.R. Mottelson, 1975, Nuclear Structure Vol. II (Benjamin, New York)
- Bonche, P., 1988, in The Variety of Nuclear Shapes, edited by J.D. Garrett (World Scientific, Singapore), p. 302
- Bonche, P., E. Chabanat, B.Q. Chen, J. Dobaczewski, H. Flocard, B. Gall, P.-H. Heenen, J. Meyer, N. Tajima, and M.S. Weiss, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 574, 185c
- Bonche, P., P.-H. Heenen, H. Flocard, and D. Vautherin, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 175, 387
- Bonche, P., S.J. Krieger, M.S. Weiss, J. Dobaczewski, H. Flocard, and P.-H. Heenen, 1991, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 876
- Bonin, W., H. Backe, M. Dahlinger, S. Glienke, D. Habs, E. Hanelt, E. Kankeleit, and B. Schwartz, 1985, Z. Phys. A 322, 59
- Bonin, W., M. Dahlinger, S. Glienke, E. Kankeleit, M. Krämer, D. Habs, B. Schwartz, and H. Backe, 1983, Z. Phys. 310, 249
- Böning, K., A. Sobiczewski, B. Nerlo-Pomorska, and K. Pomorski, 1985, Phys. Lett. B 161, 231
- Borchers, W., R. Neugart, E.W. Otten, H.T. Duong, G. Ulm, and K. Wendt, 1987, Hyperfine Interact. 34, 25
- Borge, M.J.G., D.G. Burke, H. Gietz, P. Hill, N. Kaffrell, W. Kurcewicz, G. Løvhøiden, S. Mattsson, R.A. Naumann, K. Nybø, G. Nyman, and T.F. Thorsteinsen, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 464, 189
- Bowman, J.D., C.D. Bowman, J.E. Bush, P.P.J. Delheij, C.M. Frankle, C.R. Gould, D.G. Haase, J. Knudson, G.E. Mitchell, S. Penttila, H. Postma, N.R. Roberson, S.J. Seestrom, J.J. Szymanski, V.W. Yuan, and X. Zhu, 1990, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 1192
- Bowman, J.D., G.T. Garvey, C.R. Gould, A.C. Hayes, and M.B. Johnson, 1992, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 780
- Brack M., J. Damgård, A.S. Jensen, H.C. Pauli, V.M. Strutinsky, and C.Y. Wong, 1972, Rev. Mod. Phys. 44, 320
- Brack, M., and P. Quentin, 1981, Nucl. Phys. A 361, 35
- Branford, D., N. Gardner, and I.F. Wright, 1971, Phys. Lett. B 36, 456
- Brenner, M., 1994, Z. Phys. A 349, 233
- Briançon, Ch., S. Ćwiok, S.A. Eid, V. Green, W.D. Hamilton, C.F. Liang, and R.J. Walen, 1990, J. Phys. G 16, 1735
- Brillard, L., A.G. Elayi, E. Hourani, M. Hussonnois, J.F. Le Du, L.H. Rosier, and L. Stab, 1989, C. R. Acad. Sci. II, Mec. Phys. Chim. Sci. Terre Univers 309, 1105
- Brink, D.M., 1957, Nucl. Phys. 4, 215
- Brink, D.M., 1966, in Many-body description of nuclear structure and reactions, Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi;" course 36 (Academic, New York), p. 247
- Brink, D.M., B. Buck, R. Huby, M.A. Nagarajan, and N. Rowley, 1987, J. Phys. G 13, 629
- Brockstedt, A., J. Lyttkens-Lindén, M. Bergström, L.P. Ekström, H. Ryde, J.C. Bacelar, J.D. Garrett, G.B. Hagemann, B. Herskind, F.R. May, P.O. Tjøm, and S. Frauendorf, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 571, 337
- Buchinger, F., J.E. Crawford, A.K. Dutta, J.M. Pearson, and F. Tondeur, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 1402
- Buck, B., C.B. Dover, and J.P. Vary, 1975, Phys. Rev. C 11, 1803
- Buck, B., H. Friederich, and A.A. Pilt, 1977, Nucl. Phys. A 290, 205
- Buck, B., P.D.B. Hopkins, and A.C. Merchant, 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 513, 75
- Buck, B., A.C. Merchant, and S.M. Perez, 1995, Phys. Rev. C 51, 559
- Buck, B., and A.A. Pilt, 1977, Nucl. Phys. A 280, 133
- Burr, W., D. Schütte, and K. Bleuler, 1969, Nucl. Phys. A 133, 581
- Burrows, J.D., P.A. Butler, K.A. Connell, A.N. James, G.D. Jones, A.M.Y. El-Lawindy, T.P. Morrison, J. Simpson, and R. Wadsworth, 1984, J. Phys. G 10, 1449
- Butler, P.A., 1988, in Heavy Ions in Nuclear and Atomic Physics, edited by Z. Wilhelmi and G. Szeflińska (Hilger, Bristol), p. 295
- Butler, P.A., 1990, in Proceedings of the International Conference on High Spin Physics and Gamma-Soft Nuclei, edited by J.X. Saladin, R.A. Sorensen, and C.M. Vincent (World Scientific, Singapore), p. 552
- Butler, P.A., and W. Nazarewicz, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 533, 249
- Castel, B., Y. Okuhara, and H. Sagawa, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 42, R1203
- Castel, B., and J.P. Svenne, 1969, Can. J. Phys. 47, 1393
- Casten, R.F., W.-T. Chou, and N.V. Zamfir, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 555, 563
- Catara, F., C.H. Dasso, and A. Vitturi, 1989, J. Phys. G 15, L191
- Catara, F., M. Sambataro, A. Insolia, and A. Vitturi, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 180, 1
- Ceauşescu, V., and A.A. Raduta, 1976, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 100, 94
- Celler, A., Ch. Briançon, J.S. Dionisio, A. Lefebvre, Ch. Vieu, J. Żylicz, R. Kulessa, C. Mittag, J. Fernández-Niello, Ch. Lauterbach, H. Puchta, and F. Riess, 1985, Nucl. Phys. A 423, 421
- Chasman, R.R., 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 630
- Chasman, R.R., 1980, Phys. Lett. B 96, 7
- Chasman, R.R., 1984, Phys. Rev. C 30, 1753
- Chasman, R.R., 1986, Phys. Lett. B 175, 254
- Chasman, R.R., 1989, Phys. Lett. B 219, 232
- Chasman, R.R., 1991, Phys. Lett. B 266, 243
- Chasman, R.R., and I. Ahmad, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 182, 261
- Chasman, R.R., I. Ahmad, A.M. Friedman, and J.R. Erskine, 1977, Rev. Mod. Phys. 49, 833
- Chasman, R.R., and L.M. Robledo, 1995, Phys. Lett. B 351, 18
- Chou, W.-T., R.F. Casten, and N.V. Zamfir, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 45, R2545
- Chuu, D.-S., S.T. Hsieh, and H.C. Chiang, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 47, 183
- Coc, A., C. Thibault, F. Touchard, H.T. Duong, P. Juncar, S. Liberman, J. Pinard, M. Carre, J. Lermé, J.L. Vialle, S. Büttgenbach, A.C. Mueller, A. Pesnelle, and the ISOLDE Collaboration, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 468, 1
- Coc, A., C. Thibault, F. Touchard, H.T. Duong, P. Juncar, S. Liberman, J. Pinard, J. Lermé, J.L. Vialle, S. Büttgenbach, A.C. Mueller, A. Pesnelle, and the ISOLDE Collaboration, 1985, Phys. Lett. B 163, 66
- Cottle, P.D., 1990a, Phys. Rev. C 42, 1264
- Cottle, P.D., 1990b, Phys. Rev. C 41, 517
- Cottle, P.D., 1991, Z. Phys. A 338, 281
- Cottle, P.D., 1994, Z. Phys. A 349, 115
- Cottle, P.D., and D.A. Bromley, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 182, 129
- Cottle, P.D., M. Gai, J.F. Ennis, J.F. Shriner, Jr., D.A. Bromley, C.W. Beausang, L. Hildingsson, W.F. Piel, Jr., D.B. Fossan, J.W. Olness, and E.K. Warburton, 1986, Phys. Rev. C 33, 1855
- Cottle, P.D., T. Glasmacher, J.L. Johnson, and K.W. Kemper, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 48, 136
- Cottle, P.D., T. Glasmacher, and K.W. Kemper, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 45, 2733
- Cottle, P.D., J.W. Holcomb, T.D. Johnson, K.A. Stuckey, S.L. Tabor, P.C. Womble, S.G. Buccino, and F.E. Durham, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 42, 1254
- Cottle, P.D., and K.W. Kemper, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, 1901
- Cottle, P.D., J.F. Shriner, Jr., F. Dellagiacoma, J.F. Ennis, M. Gai, D.A. Bromley, J.W. Olness, E.K. Warburton, L. Hildingsson, M.A. Quader, and D.B. Fossan, 1984, Phys. Rev. C 30, 1768
- Cottle, P.D., K.A. Stuckey, and K.W. Kemper, 1988, Phys. Rev. C 38, 365
- Cottle, P.D., K.A. Stuckey, and K.W. Kemper, 1989, Phys. Lett. B 219, 27
- Cristancho, F., J.X. Saladin, M.P. Metlay, W. Nazarewicz, C. Baktash, M. Halbert, I-Y. Lee, D.F. Winchell, S.M. Fischer, and M.K. Kabadiyski, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 663
- Crowell, B., M.P. Carpenter, R.V.F. Janssens, D.J. Blumenthal, J. Timar, A.N. Wilson, J.F. Sharpey-Schafer, T. Nakatsukasa, I. Ahmad, A. Astier, F. Azaiez, L. du Croux, B.J.P. Gall, F. Hannachi, T.L. Khoo, A. Korichi, T. Lauritsen, A. Lopez-Martens, M. Meyer, D. Nisius, E.S. Paul, M.G. Porquet, and N. Redon, 1995, Phys. Rev. C 51, R1599
- Crowell, B., R.V.F. Janssens, M.P. Carpenter, I. Ahmad, S. Harfenist, R.G. Henry, T.L. Khoo, T. Lauritsen, D. Nisius, A.N. Wilson, J.F. Sharpey-Schafer, and J. Skalski, 1994, Phys. Lett. B 333, 320
- Cseh, J., 1989, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Suppl. 58, 604
- Cseh, J., 1992, Phys. Lett. B 281, 173
- Cseh, J., 1993, J. Phys. G 19, L63
- Cseh, J., G. Lévai, and K. Katō, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 43, 165
- Cseh, J., G. Lévai, and W. Scheid, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 48, 1724
- Cseh, J., and W. Scheid, 1992, J. Phys. G 18, 1419
- Cullen, D.M., M.A. Riley, A. Alderson, I. Ali, C.W. Beausang, T. Bengtsson, M.A. Bentley, P. Fallon, P.D. Forsyth, F. Hanna, S.M. Mullins, W. Nazarewicz, R.J. Poynter, P.H. Regan, J.W. Roberts, W. Satula, J.F. Sharpey-Schafer, J. Simpson, G. Sletten, P.J. Twin, R. Wadsworth, and R. Wyss, 1990, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 1547
- Ćwiok, S., J. Kvasil, and B. Choriev, 1984, J. Phys. G 10, 903
- Ćwiok, S., and W. Nazarewicz, 1989a, Phys. Lett. B 224, 5
- Ćwiok, S., and W. Nazarewicz, 1989b, Nucl. Phys. A 496, 367
- Ćwiok, S., and W. Nazarewicz, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 529, 95
- Ćwiok, S., W. Nazarewicz, J.X. Saladin, W. Płóciennik, and A. Johnson, 1994, Phys. Lett. B 322, 304
- Ćwiok, S., P. Rozmej, A. Sobiczewski, and Z. Patyk, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 491, 281
- Dagnall, P.J., C.W. Beausang, P.J. Twin, M.A. Bentley, F.A. Beck, Th. Byrski, S. Clarke, D. Curien, G. Duchene, G. de France, P.D. Forsyth, B. Haas, J.C. Lisle, E.S. Paul, J. Simpson, J. Styczen, J.P. Vivien, J.N. Wilson, and K. Zuber, 1994, Phys. Lett. B 335, 313
- Dahlinger, M., E. Hanelt, E. Kankeleit, B. Schwartz, D. Schwalm, D. Habs, R.S. Simon, and H. Backe, 1985, Z. Phys. A 321, 535
- Dahlinger, M., E. Kankeleit, D. Habs, D. Schwalm, B. Schwartz, R.S. Simon, J.D. Burrows, and P.A. Butler, 1988, Nucl. Phys. A 484, 337
- Daley, H.J., and B.R. Barrett, 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 449, 256
- Daley, H.J., and M. Gai, 1984, Phys. Lett. B 149, 13
- Daley, H.J., and F. Iachello, 1983, Phys. Lett. B 131, 281
- Daley, H.J., and F. Iachello, 1986, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 167, 73
- Daley, H.J., and M.A. Nagarajan, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 166, 379
- Danilin, B.V., I.J. Thompson, M.V. Zhukov, J.S. Vaagen, and J.M. Bang, 1994, Phys. Lett. B 333, 299
- Dasso, C.H., S.M. Lenzi, A. Vitturi, and F. Zardi, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 563, 162
- Davidson, J.P., 1962, Nucl. Phys. 33, 664
- Davidson, M.G., 1965, Nucl. Phys. 69, 455
- De Voigt, M.J.A., Z. Sujkowski, D. Chmielewska, J.F.W. Jansen, J. Van Klinken, and S.J. Feenstra, 1975, Phys. Lett. B 59, 137
- Debray, M.E., J. Davidson, M. Davidson, A.J. Kreiner, D. Hojman, D. Santos, K. Ahn, D.B. Fossan, Y. Liang, R. Ma, E.S. Paul, W.F. Piel, Jr., and N. Xu, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 41, R1895
- Debray, M.E., A.J. Kreiner, M. Davidson, J. Davidson, D. Hojman, D. Santos, V.R. Vanin, N. Schulz, M. Aiche, A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, and J.C. Sens, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 568, 141
- Delaroche, J.P., J.F. Berger, M. Girod, J. Libert, I. Deloncle, and L.M. Robledo, 1992, in Nuclear Shapes and Nuclear Structure at Low Excitation Energies, edited by M. Vergnes (Plenum, New York), p. 323
- Delion, D.S., A. Insolia, and R.J. Liotta, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 46, 1346
- Delion, D.S., A. Insolia, and R.J. Liotta, 1994, J. Phys. G 20, 1483
- Denisov, V. Yu., 1989, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 49, 399
- Denisov, V. Yu., 1992, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 55, 1478
- Denisov, V. Yu., and A. Ya. Dzyublik, 1993, Phys. At. Nucl. 56, 303
- Denisov, V. Yu., and A. Ya. Dzyublik, 1995, Nucl. Phys. 589, 17
- Dennison, D.M., 1940, Phys. Rev. 57, 454
- Dennison, D.M., 1954, Phys. Rev. 96, 378
- Depta, K., J.A. Maruhn, W. Greiner, W. Scheid, and A. Sandulescu, 1986, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 1, 377
- Descouvemont, P., 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 470, 309
- Descouvemont, P., 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, 306
- Descouvemont, P., and D. Baye, 1985, Phys. Rev. 31, 2274
- Descouvemont, P., and D. Baye, 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 459, 374
- Descouvemont, P., and D. Baye, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 475, 219
- Descouvemont, P., and D. Baye, 1989, Phys. Lett. B 228, 6
- Do Dang, G., K.W. Schmid, R.M. Dreizler, and H.G. Miller, 1976, Phys. Lett. B 62, 1
- Dobaczewski, J., and J. Skalski, 1989, Phys. Rev. C 40, 1025
- Dojnikov, D.N., A.D. Efimov, K.I. Erokhina, and V.M. Mikhajlov, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 531, 326
- Dojnikov, D.N., and V.M. Mikhajlov, 1994, Phys. Lett. B 334, 259
- Donner, W., and W. Greiner, 1966, Z. Phys. 197, 440
- Dörschel, K., W. Heddrich, H. Hühnermann, E.W. Peau, H. Wagner, G.D. Alkhazov, E.Ye. Berlovich, V.P. Denison, V.N. Panteleev, and A.G. Polyakov, 1984, Z. Phys. A 317, 233
- Dorso, C.O., W.D. Myers, and W.J. Swiatecki, 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 451, 189
- Drigert, M.W. and J.A. Cizewski, 1985, Phys. Rev. C 31, 1977
- Drigert, M.W., and J.A. Cizewski, 1986, Phys. Rev. C 33, 1344
- Dudek, J., 1987, in The Variety of Nuclear Shapes, edited by J. Garrett (World Scientific, Singapore), p. 195
- Dudek J., W. Nazarewicz, and P. Olanders, 1984, Nucl. Phys. A 420, 285
- Dudek, J., T.R. Werner, and Z. Szymański, 1990, Phys. Lett. 248, 235
- Dufour, M., P. Descouvemont, and D. Baye, 1994, Phys. Rev. 50, 795
- Dukelsky, J., J. Fernández-Niello, H.M. Sofia, and R.P.J. Perazzo, 1983, Phys. Rev. C 28, 2183
- Dukelsky, J., R.P.J. Perazzo, S.L. Reich, and H.M. Sofia, 1985, Phys. Lett. B 158, 361
- Dumitrescu, O., 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 1466
- Durell, J.L., Y. Abdelrahman, W.R. Phillips, M.A.C. Hotchkis, J. McNeil, B.J. Varley, and W. Gelletly, 1988, in Daresbury Laboratory Annual Report 1987/88, p. 28
- Dzyublik, A.Ya., and V.Yu. Denisov, 1993, Phys. At. Nucl. 56, 477
- Ebenhöh, W., 1966, Z. Phys. 195, 171
- Egido, J.L., and L.M. Robledo, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 494, 85
- Egido, J.L., and L.M. Robledo, 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 518, 475
- Egido, J.L., and L.M. Robledo, 1991a, Nucl. Phys. A 524, 65
- Egido, J.L., and L.M. Robledo, 1991b, in Future Directions in Nuclear Physics with Gamma Detection Systems of the New Generation, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 259, edited by J. Dudek and B. Haas (American Institute of Physics, New York), 259
- Egido, J.L., and L.M. Robledo, 1992, Nucl. Phys. A 545, 589
- Eichler, J., and A. Faessler, 1970, Nucl. Phys. A 157, 166
- Ekström, C., L. Robertsson, and A. Rosén, 1986, Phys. Scr. 34, 624
- Elliott, J.P., J.A. Evans, and E.E. Maqueda, 1985, Nucl. Phys. A 437, 208
- Engel, J., A. Frank, and S. Pittel, 1987, Phys. Rev. C 35, 1973
- Engel, J., and F. Iachello, 1985, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1126
- Engel, J., and F. Iachello, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 472, 61
- Ennis, P.J., C.J. Lister, W. Gelletly, H.G. Price, B.J. Varley, P.A. Butler, T. Hoare, S. Ćwiok, and W. Nazarewicz, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 535, 392 ibid.A 560, 1079(E)
- Erb, K.A., and D.A. Bromley, 1981, Phys. Rev. C 23, 2781
- Esbensen, H. and G.F. Bertsch, 1992, Nucl. Phys. A 542, 310
- Fabbro, B., J. Blons, A. Greiner, J.M. Hisleur, C. Mazur, Y. Patin, D. Paya, and M. Ribrag, 1984, J. Phys. Lett. 45, L-843
- Faber, M., 1981, Phys. Rev. C 24, 1047
- Faber, M., and M. Płoszajczak, 1981, Phys. Scr. 24, 189
- Faessler, A., T. Udagawa, and R. K. Sheline, 1966, Nucl. Phys. 85, 670
- Faessler, A., and A. Plastino, 1967, Z. Phys. 203, 333
- Faessler, A., A. Plastino, and S.A. Moszkowski, 1967, Phys. Rev. 156, 1064
- Fayans, S.A., A.P. Platonov, G. Graw, and D. Hofer, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 577, 557
- Fedorov, D.V., A.S. Jensen, and K. Riisager, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 201
- Fernández-Niello, J., C. Mittag, F. Riess, E. Ruchowska, and M. Stallknecht, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 531, 164
- Fernández-Niello, J., H. Puchta, F. Riess, and W. Trautmann, 1982, Nucl. Phys. A 391, 221
- Flambaum, V.V., and O.P. Sushkov, 1980, Phys. Lett. B 94, 277
- Flambaum, V.V., and V.G. Zelevinsky, 1995, Phys. Lett. B 350, 8
- Fogelberg, B., M. Hellström, D. Jerrestam, H. Mach, J. Blomqvist, A. Kerek, L.O. Norlin, and J.P. Omtvedt, 1994, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 2413
- Frankle, C.M., J.D. Bowman, J.E. Bush, P.P.J. Delheij, C.R. Gould, D.G. Haase, J.N. Knudson, G.E. Mitchell, S. Penttilä, H. Postma, N.R. Roberson, S.J. Seestrom, J.J. Szymanski, S.H. Yoo, V.W. Yuan, and X. Zhu, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 46, 778
- Frauendorf, S., and V.V. Pashkevich, 1984, Phys. Lett. B 141, 23
- Frauendorf, S., and V.V. Pashkevich, 1993, Z. Phys. D 26, S98
- Frekers, D., R. Santo, and K. Langanke, 1983, Nucl. Phys. A 394, 189
- Friedrich, H., and K. Langanke, 1975, Nucl. Phys. A 252, 47
- Friedrichs, H., B. Schlitt, J. Margraf, S. Lindenstruth, C. Wesselborg, R.D. Heil, H.H. Pitz, U. Kneissl, P. von Brentano, R.D. Herzberg, A. Zilges, D. Häger, G. Müller, and M. Schumacher, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 45, R892
- Frisk, H., 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 511, 309
- Frisk, F., I. Hamamoto, and F.R. May, 1994, Phys. Scr. 50, 628
- Fujiwara, Y., H. Horiuchi, K. Ikeda, M. Kamimura, K. Sato, Y. Suzuki, and E. Uegaki, 1980, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 68, 29
- Funck, C., B. Grund, and K. Langanke, 1989, Z. Phys. A 334, 1
- Gai, M., 1988, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2424
- Gai, M., J.F. Ennis, D.A. Bromley, H. Emling, F. Azgui, E. Grosse, H.J. Wollersheim, C. Mittag, and F. Riess, 1988, Phys. Lett. B 215, 242
- Gai, M., R. Keddy, D.A. Bromley, J.W. Olness, and E.K. Warburton, 1987, Phys. Rev. C 36, 1256
- Gai, M., S.L. Rugari, R.H. France, III, B.J. Lund, Z. Zhao, D.A. Bromley, B.A. Lincoln, W.W. Smith, M.J. Zarcone, and Q.C. Kessel, 1989, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 874
- Gai, M., M. Ruscev, D.A. Bromley, and J.W. Olness, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 43, 2127
- Gai, M., M. Ruscev, A.C. Hayes, J.F. Ennis, R. Keddy, E.C. Schloemer, S.M. Sterbenz, and D.A. Bromley, 1983, Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 239
- Garrett, J.D., 1984, Nucl. Phys. 421, 313c
- Gavron, A., H.C. Britt, P.D. Goldstone, J.B. Wilhelmy, and S.E. Larsson, 1977, Phys. Rev. Lett. 38, 1457
- Giraud, B., and P.U. Sauer, 1970, Nucl. Phys. A 154, 587
- Gönnenwein, F., 1994, Z. Phys. A 349, 259
- Gono, Y., T. Kohno, M. Sugawara, Y. Ishikawa, and M. Fukuda, 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 459, 427
- Goodman, A.L., 1974, Nucl. Phys. A 230, 466
- Görres, J., T. Chapuran, D.P. Balamuth, and J.W. Arrison, 1987, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 662
- Govaert, K., L. Govor, E. Jacobs, D. De Frenne, W. Mondelaers, K. Persyn, M.L. Yoneama, U. Kneissl, J. Margraf, H.H. Pitz, K. Huber, S. Lindenstruth, R. Stock, K. Heyde, A. Vdovin, and V. Yu Ponomarev, 1994, Phys. Lett. B 335, 113
- Grafen, V., B. Ackermann, H. Baltzer, T. Bihn, C. Günther, J. deBoer, N. Gollwitzer, G. Graw, R. Hertenberger, H. Kader, A. Levon, and A. Lösch, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, R1728
- Guglielmetti, A., R. Bonetti, G. Poli, P.B. Price, A.J. Westphal, Z. Janas, H. Keller, R. Kirchner, O. Klepper, A. Piechaczek, E. Roeckl, K. Schmidt, A. Płochocki, J. Szerypo, and B. Blank, 1995, Phys. Rev. 52, 740
- Guhr, T., K.-D. Hummel, G. Kilgus, D. Bohle, A. Richter, C.W. de Jager, H. de Vries, and P.K.A. de Witt Huberts, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 501, 95
- Gustafsson, C., P. Möller, and S.G. Nilsson, 1971, Phys. Lett. B 34, 349
- Gutzwiller, M.C., 1967, J. Math. Phys. 8, 1979
- Gutzwiller, M.C., 1971, J. Math. Phys. 12, 343
- Haenni, D.R., and T.T. Sugihara, 1977, Phys. Rev. C 16, 120
- Hagemann, G.B., I. Hamamoto, and W. Satuła, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 47, 2008
- Hamamoto, I., 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 557, 515c
- Hamamoto, I., J. Höller, and X.-z. Zhang, 1989, Phys. Lett. B 226, 17
- Hamamoto, I., B. Mottelson, H.-x. Xie, and X.-z. Zhang, 1991, Z. Phys. D 21, 163
- Hamamoto, I., X.-z. Zhang, and H.-x. Xie, 1991, Phys. Lett. B 257, 1 ibid.B 278, 511(E)
- Han, C.S., D.S. Chuu, S.T. Hsieh, and H.C. Chiang, 1985, Phys. Lett. B 163, 295
- Hansen, P.G., and B. Jonson, 1987, Europhys. Lett. 4, 409
- Häusser, O., T.K. Alexander, A.B. McDonald, G.T. Ewan, and A.E. Litherland, 1971, Nucl. Phys. A 168, 17
- Haxton, W.C., and E.M. Henley, 1983, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 1937
- Hayes, A.C., 1991, Phys. Lett. B 254, 15
- Hayes, A.C., and D. Strottman, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 42, 2248
- Heenen, P.-H., J. Skalski, P. Bonche, and H. Flocard, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 50, 802
- Heiss, W.D., R.G. Nazmitdinov, and S. Radu, 1994, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 2351
- Heiss, W.D., R.G. Nazmitdinov, and S. Radu, 1995a, Phys. Rev. B 51, 1874
- Heiss, W.D., R. G. Nazmitdinov, and S. Radu, 1995b, Phys. Scr. Vol. T 56, 182
- Hellström, G., M.S. thesis, Lund University, 1977 (unpublished)
- Helmer, R.G., M.A. Lee, C.W. Reich, and I. Ahmad, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 474, 77
- Herrmann, R., J.A. Maruhn, and W. Greiner, 1986, J. Phys. G 12, L285
- Herrmann, G.D., B. Prillwitz, U. Dämmrich, K. Freitag, P. Herzog, D. Mayer, K. Schlösser, and I. Ragnarsson, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 493, 83
- Hill, D.L., and J.A. Wheeler, 1953, Phys. Rev. 89, 1102
- Hiura, J., Y. Abe, S. Saitō, and O. Endō, 1969, Prog. Theor. Phys. 42, 555
- Hofer, D., M. Bisenberger, R. Hertenberger, H. Kader, H.J. Maier, E. Müller-Zanotti, P. Schiemenz, G. Graw, P. Maier-Komor, G. Molnár, W. Unkelbach, J. Hebenstreit, H. Ohm, D. Paul, P. von Rossen, and M. Fujiwara, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 551, 173
- Höller, J., and S. Åberg, 1990, Z. Phys. A 336, 363
- Horen, D.J., R.L. Auble, G.R. Satchler, J.R. Beene, I.Y. Lee, C.Y. Wu, D. Cline, M. Devlin, R. Ibbotson, and M. W. Simon, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 48, R2131
- Horiuchi, H., 1985, Prog. Theor. Phys. 73, 1172
- Horiuchi, H., 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 522, 257c
- Horiuchi, H., and K. Ikeda, 1968, Prog. Theor. Phys. 40, 277
- Horiuchi, H., K. Ikeda, and Y. Suzuki, 1972, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 52, 89
- Horiuchi, H., Y. Kanada-En'yo, and A. Ono, 1994, Z. Phys. A 349, 279
- Horiuchi, H., and Y. Suzuki, 1973, Prog. Theor. Phys. 49, 1974
- Hoshino, T., H. Sagawa, and A. Arima, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 523, 228
- Hourani, E., G. Berrier-Ronsin, A. Elayi, P. Hoffmann-Rothe, A.C. Mueller, L. Rosier, G. Rotbard, G. Renou, A. Lièbe, D.N. Poenaru, and H.L. Ravn, 1995, Phys. Rev. C 52, 267
- Hourani, E., L. Rosier, G. Berrier-Ronsin, A. Elayi, A.C. Mueller, G. Rappenecker, G. Rotbard, G. Renou, A. Lièbe, L. Stab, and H.L. Ravn, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, 1424
- Howard, W.M., and P. Möller, 1980, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables, 25, 219
- Hughes, J.R., R. Tölle, J. de Boer, P.A. Butler, C. Günther, V. Grafen, N. Gollwitzer, V.E. Holliday, G.D. Jones, C. Lauterbach, M. Marten-Tölle, S.M. Mullins, R.J. Poynter, R.S. Simon, N. Singh, R.J. Tanner, R. Wadsworth, D.L. Watson, and C.A. White, 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 512, 275
- Hulet, E.K., J.F. Wild, R.J. Dougan, R.W. Lougheed, J.H. Landrum, A.D. Dougan, M. Schädel, R.L. Hahn, P.A. Baisden, C.M. Henderson, R.J. Dupzyk, K. Sümmerer, and G.R. Bethune, 1986, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 313
- Hussonnois, M., and G. Ardisson, 1994, Z. Phys. A 349, 311
- Hussonnois, M., J.F. Le Du, L. Brillard, and G. Ardisson, 1990a, Phys. Rev. C 42, R495 ibid.43, 916(E) (1991)
- Hussonnois, M., J. F. Le Du, L. Brillard, and G. Ardisson, 1990b, J. Phys. G 16, L77
- Hussonnois, M., J.F. Le Du, L. Brillard, and G. Ardisson, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, 2884
- Iachello, F., 1981, Phys. Rev. C 23, 2778
- Iachello, F., 1984, Nucl. Phys. A 421, 97c
- Iachello, F., 1985, Phys. Lett. B 160, 1
- Iachello, F., 1989, Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2440
- Iachello, F., and A. Arima, 1974, Phys. Lett. B 53, 309
- Iachello, F., and A.D. Jackson, 1982, Phys. Lett. B 108, 151
- Ibbotson, R., B. Kotliński, D. Cline, K.G. Helmer, A.E. Kavka, A. Renalds, E.G. Vogt, P.A. Butler, C.A. White, R. Wadsworth, and D.L. Watson, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 530, 199
- Ibbotson, R., C.A. White, T. Czosnyka, P.A. Butler, N. Clarkson, D. Cline, R.A. Cunningham, M. Devlin, K.G. Helmer, T.H. Hoare, J.R. Hughes, G.D. Jones, A.E. Kavka, B. Kotlinski, R.J. Poynter, P. Regan, E.G. Vogt, R. Wadsworth, D.L. Watson, and C.Y. Wu, 1993, Phys. Rev. Lett 71, 1990
- Ikeda, K., N. Takigawa, and H. Horiuchi, 1968, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. (Extra Number), 464
- Insolia, A., P. Curutchet, R.J. Liotta, and D.S. Delion, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, 545
- Ishii, T., I. Ahmad, J.E. Gindler, A.M. Friedman, R.R. Chasman, and S.B. Kaufman, 1985, Nucl. Phys. A 444, 237
- Itonaga, K., 1981, Prog. Theor. Phys. 66, 2103
- Ivanova, S.P., A.L. Komov, L.A. Malov, and V.G. Solov'ev, 1976, Sov. J. Part. Nuclei 7, 175
- Jahn, H.A., and E. Teller, 1937, Proc. Roy. Soc. A 161, 220
- Jain, A.K., R.K. Sheline, P.C. Sood, and K. Jain, 1990, Rev. Mod. Phys. 62, 393
- Jammari, K., R. Piepenbring, and B. Silvestre-Brac, 1983, Phys. Rev. C 28, 2136
- Johansson, S.A.E., 1961, Nucl. Phys. 22, 529
- Jolos, R.V., and P. von Brentano, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, R2301
- Jolos, R.V., and P. von Brentano, 1995, Nucl. Phys. A 587, 377
- Jolos, R.V., P. von Brentano, and F. Dönau, 1993, J. Phys. G 19, L151
- Jongman, J.R., J.C.S. Bacelar, W. Urban, R.F. Noorman, J. van Pol, Th. Steenbergen, M.J.A. De Voigt, J. Nyberg, G. Sletten, J. Dionisio, and Ch. Vieu, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 50, 3159
- Jungclaus, A., T. Belgya, D.P. DiPrete, M. Villani, E.L. Johnson, E.M. Baum, C.A. McGrath, S.W. Yates, and N.V. Zamfir, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 48, 1005
- Jungclaus, A., H.G. Börner, J. Jolie, S. Ulbig, R.F. Casten, N.V. Zamfir, P. von Brentano, and K.P. Lieb, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 47, 1020
- Kälber, W., J. Rink, K. Bekk, W. Faubel, S. Göring, G. Meisel, H. Rebel, and R.C. Thompson, 1989, Z. Phys. A 334, 103
- Kameny, S.L., 1956, Phys. Rev. 103, 358
- Kammuri, T., and T. Kishimoto, 1978, Z. Phys. A 288, 203
- Kanada-En'yo, Y., and H. Horiuchi, 1995a, Prog. Theor. Phys. 93, 115
- Kanada-En'yo, Y., and H. Horiuchi, 1995b, Phys. Rev. C 52, 628
- Kanada-En'yo, Y., and H. Horiuchi, 1995c, Phys. Rev. C 52, 647
- Karpeshin, F.F., 1992, Z. Phys. 344, 55
- Katō, K., and H. Bandō, 1975, Prog. Theor. Phys. 54, 1887
- Katō, K., and H. Bandō, 1979, Prog. Theor. Phys. 62, 644
- Katō, K., H. Kazama, and H. Tanaka, 1986, Prog. Theor. Phys. 76, 75
- Katō, K., S. Okabe, and Y. Abe, 1985, Prog. Theor. Phys. 74, 1053
- Kazama, H., 1987, Prog. Theor. Phys. 77, 1178
- Kazama, H., K. Katō, and H. Tanaka, 1984, Prog. Theor. Phys. 71, 215
- Kelson, I., 1965, Phys. Lett. 16, 143
- Khan, M.K., W. J. Vermeer, W. Urban, J.B. Fitzgerald, A.S. Mowbray, B.J. Varley, J.L. Durell, and W.R. Phillips, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 567, 495
- Khazrouni, S., A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, O. Helene, G. Ramanantsizehena, and N. Schulz, 1985, Z. Phys. A 320, 535
- Kirson, M.W., 1982, Phys. Lett. B 108, 237
- Kneissl, U., A. Zilges, J. Margraf, I. Bauske, P. von Brentano, H. Friedrichs, R.D. Heil, R.-D. Herzberg, H.H. Pitz, B. Schlitt, and C. Wesselborg, 1993, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 2180
- Kocbach, L., and P. Vogel, 1970, Phys. Lett. B 32, 434
- Kolb, D., R.Y. Cusson, and H.W. Schmitt, 1974, Phys. Rev. C 10, 1529
- Koskinen, M., P.O. Lipas, and M. Manninen, 1995, Nucl. Phys. A 591, 421
- Krappe, H.J., and H.G. Wahsweiler, 1967, Nucl. Phys. A 104, 633
- Krappe, H.J., and U. Wille, 1969, Nucl. Phys. A 124, 641
- Krick, T.P., N.M. Hinz, and D. Dehnhard, 1973, Nucl. Phys. A 216, 549
- Kurcewicz, W., N. Kaffrell, N. Trautmann, A. Płochocki, J. Żylicz, K. Stryczniewicz, and I. Yutlandov, 1976, Nucl. Phys. A 270, 175
- Kurcewicz, W., N. Kaffrell, N. Trautmann, A. Płochocki, J. Żylicz, M. Matul, and K. Stryczniewicz, 1977, Nucl. Phys. A 289, 1
- Kurcewicz, W., G. Lövhöiden, T.F. Thorsteinsen, M.J.G. Borge, D.G. Burke, M. Cronqvist, H. Gabelmann, H. Gietz, P. Hill, N. Kaffrell, R.A. Naumann, K. Nybö, G. Nyman, and J. Rogowski, 1992, Nucl. Phys. A 539, 451
- Kusnezov, D., and F. Iachello, 1988, Phys. Lett. B 209, 420
- Kvasil, J., S. Ćwiok, and B. Choriev, 1981, Z. Phys. A 303, 313
- Kvasil, J., and R.G. Nazmitdinov, 1985, Nucl. Phys. A 439, 86
- Lac, V.-S., and I. Morrison, 1995, Nucl. Phys. A 581, 73
- Landolt-Börnstein, 1974, in Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology, edited by K.-H. Hellwege and A.M. Hellwege (Springer, Berlin), Vol. VI
- Lane, A.M., 1964, Nuclear Theory (Benjamin, New York)
- Lane, A.M., and E.D. Pendlebury, 1960, Nucl. Phys. 15, 39
- Langanke, K., 1982, Nucl. Phys. A 377, 53
- Langanke, K., R. Stademann, and D. Frekers, 1984, Phys. Rev. C 29, 40
- Larsson, S.E., 1973, Phys. Scr. 8, 17
- Larsson, S.E., P. Möller, and S.G. Nilsson, 1974, Phys. Scr. 10, A, 53
- Lauterbach, Ch., J. de Boer, Ch. Mittag, F. Reiss, Ch. Schandera, Ch. Briançon, A. Levebvre, S. Hlavač, and R.S. Simon, 1984, Phys. Lett. B 140, 187
- Leander, G.A., 1985a, in Nuclear Structure 1985, edited by R.A. Broglia, G.B. Hagemann, and B. Herskind (North-Holland, Amsterdam), p. 249
- Leander, G.A., 1985b, in Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 125 (American Institute of Physics, New York), p. 125
- Leander, G.A., and Y.S. Chen, 1987, Phys. Rev. C 35, 1145
- Leander, G.A., and Y.S. Chen, 1988, Phys. Rev. C 37, 2744
- Leander, G., and S.E. Larsson, 1975, Nucl. Phys. A 239, 93
- Leander, G.A., W. Nazarewicz, G.F. Bertsch, and J. Dudek, 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 453, 58
- Leander, G.A., W. Nazarewicz, P. Olanders, I. Ragnarsson, and J. Dudek, 1985, Phys. Lett. B 152, 284
- Leander, G.A., and R.K. Sheline, 1984, Nucl. Phys. A 413, 375
- Leander, G.A., R.K. Sheline, P. Möller, P. Olanders, I. Ragnarsson, and A.J. Sierk, 1982, Nucl. Phys. A 388, 452
- Leandri, J., and R. Piepenbring, 1989, Phys. Lett. B 232, 437
- Leandri, J., and R. Piepenbring, 1993, Z. Phys. A 347, 21
- Lee, K., and D.R. Inglis, 1957, Phys. Rev. 108, 774
- Leper, D.P., 1964, Nucl. Phys. 50, 234
- Lévai, G., J. Cseh, and W. Scheid, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 46, 548
- Levit, S., J.W. Negele, and Z. Paltiel, 1980, Phys. Rev. C 21, 1603
- Levon, A.I., J. de Boer, G. Graw, R. Hertenberger, D. Hofer, J. Kvasil, A. Lösch, E. Müller-Zanotti, M. Würkner, H. Baltzer, V. Grafen, and C. Günther, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 576, 267
- Li, X., and J. Dudek, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 94, R1250
- Li, X., J. Dudek, and P. Roman, 1991, Phys. Lett. B 271, 281
- Liang, C.F., P. Paris, Ch. Briançon, and R.K. Sheline, 1990, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 5, 1551
- Liang, C.F., P. Paris, J. Kvasil, and R.K. Sheline, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, 676
- Liang, C.F., P. Paris, R.K. Sheline, D. Nosek, and J. Kvasil, 1995, Phys. Rev. C 51, 1199
- Liang, C.F., A. Péghaire, and R.K. Sheline, 1990, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 5, 1243
- Liang, C.F., R.K. Sheline, P. Paris, M. Hussonois, J.F. Ledu, and D.B. Isabelle, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 2230
- Lipas, P.O., 1963, Nucl. Phys. 40, 629
- Lipas, P.O., and J.P. Davidson, 1961, Nucl. Phys. 26, 80
- Lipkin, H.J., N. Meshkov, and A.J. Glick, 1965, Nucl. Phys. 62, 188
- Liu, Y.-x., H.-z. Sun, and E.-g. Zhao, 1994, J. Phys. G 20, 1771
- Löhner, H., H. Eickhoff, D. Frekers, G. Gaul, K. Poppensieker, R. Santo, A.G. Drentje, and L.W. Put, 1978, Z. Phys. A 286, 99
- Lösch, A., J. de Boer, J. Kvasil, A.I. Levon, M. Würkner, H. Baltzer, V. Grafen, and C. Günther, 1994, Z. Phys. A 348, 235
- Løvhøiden, G., T.F. Thorsteinsen, K. Nybø, and D.G. Burke, 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 452, 30
- Lustig, H.J., J.A. Maruhn, and W. Greiner, 1980, J. Phys. G 6, L25
- Mach, H., J. Billowes, M.J.G. Borge, D.G. Burke, P.A. Butler, J.F.C. Cocks, B. Fogelberg, S.J. Freeman, I.S. Grant, K. Gulda, G.D. Jones, E. Hagebø, P. Hoff, J. Hønsi, W. Kurcewicz, G. Løvhøiden, R.A. Naumann, K. Nybø, G. Nyman, H. Ravn, B. Rubio, J. Simpson, A.G. Smith, J.F. Smith, K. Steffensen, J.L. Tain, O. Tengblad, and T.F. Thorsteinsen, 1994, in Nuclear Shapes and Nuclear Structures at Low Excitation Energies, edited by Michel Vergnes, D. Goutte, P. H. Heenen, and J. Sauvage (Editions Frontières, Gif-sur-Yvette, France), p. 391
- Mach, H., S. Ćwiok, W. Nazarewicz, B. Fogelberg, M. Moszyński, J. Winger, and R.L. Gill, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 42, R811
- Mach, H., W. Nazarewicz, D. Kusnezov, M. Moszyǹski, B. Fogelberg, M. Hellström, L. Spanier, R.L. Gill, R.F. Casten, and A. Wolf, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 41, R2469
- Marcos, S., H. Flocard, and P.-H. Heenen, 1983, Nucl. Phys. A 410, 125
- Marsh, S., and W.D.M. Rae, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 180, 185
- Marten-Tölle, M., B. Ackermann, H. Baltzer, T. Bihn, V. Grafen, C. Günther, H. Hausmann, N. Singh, R. Tölle, J. de Boer, and N. Gollwitzer, 1990, Z. Phys. A 336, 27
- Martín, V., and L.M. Robledo, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 188 ibid.C 50, 520(E)
- Martz, H.E., R.K. Sheline, R.G. Lanier, R.W. Hoff, G.L. Struble, D.J. Decman, D.G. Burke, R.R. Chasman, and R.A. Neumann, 1988, Phys. Rev. C 37, 1407
- Maruhn, J., and W. Greiner, 1974, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 548
- Matsuse, T., M. Kamimura, and Y. Fukushima, 1975, Prog. Theor. Phys. 53, 706
- McGowan, F.K., and W.T. Milner, 1981, Phys. Rev. C 23, 1926
- McGowan, F.K., and W.T. Milner, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 562, 241
- McGowan, F.K., and W.T. Milner, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 571, 569
- Merchant, A.C., K.F. Pál, and P.E. Hodgson, 1989, J. Phys. G 15, 601
- Metzger, F.R., 1965, Phys. Rev. 137, B1415
- Metzger, F.R., 1976, Phys. Rev. C 14, 543
- Meyer, J., P. Bonche, M.S. Weiss, J. Dobaczewski, H. Flocard, and P.-H. Heenen, 1995, Nucl. Phys. A 588, 597
- Michel, F., G. Reidemeister, and S. Ohkubo, 1986a, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 1215
- Michel, F., G. Reidemeister, and S. Ohkubo, 1986b, Phys. Rev. C 34, 1248
- Michel, F., G. Reidemeister, and S. Ohkubo, 1988, Phys. Rev. C 37, 292
- Mikhailov, I.N., E.G. Nadjakov, M. Aïche, Ch. Briançon, N. Schulz, and V. Vanin, 1989, J. Phys. G 15, L19
- Millener, D.J., J.W. Olness, E.K. Warburton, and S.S. Hanna, 1983, Phys. Rev. C 28, 497
- Mizutori, S., Y.R. Shimizu, and K. Matsuyanagi, 1990, Prog. Theor. Phys. 83, 666
- Mizutori, S., Y.R. Shimizu, and K. Matsuyanagi, 1991a, Prog. Theor. Phys. 85, 559
- Mizutori, S., Y.R. Shimizu, and K. Matsuyanagi, 1991b, Prog. Theor. Phys. 86, 131
- Möller, P., 1972, Nucl. Phys. A 192, 529
- Möller, P., and S.G. Nilsson, 1970, Phys. Lett. B 31, 283
- Möller, P., S.G. Nilsson, and R.K. Sheline, 1972, Phys. Lett. B 40, 329
- Möller, P., and J.R. Nix, 1973, in Physics and Chemistry of Fission 1973 (IAEA, Vienna), Vol. I, p. 103
- Möller, P., and J.R. Nix, 1981, Nucl. Phys. A 361, 117
- Möller, P., J.R. Nix, W.D. Myers, and W.J. Swiatecki, 1995, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 59, 185
- Möller, P., J.R. Nix, and W.J. Swiatecki, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 469, 1
- Monsonego, G., and R. Piepenbring, 1964, Nucl. Phys. 58, 593
- Monsonego, G., and R. Piepenbring, 1966, Nucl. Phys. 78, 265
- Morinaga, H., 1956, Phys. Rev. 101, 254
- Morita, K., S. Kubono, M.H. Tanaka, H. Utsunomiya, M. Sugitani, S. Kato, J. Schimizu, T. Tachikawa, and N. Takahashi, 1985, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 185
- Moszkowski, S.A., 1955, Phys. Rev. 99, 803
- Mottelson, B.R., 1988, in Proceedings of the Conference on High-Spin Nuclear Structure and Novel Nuclear Shapes, Argonne National Laboratory, Report No. ANL-PHY-88-2, p. 1
- Mowbray, A.S., J.B. Fitzgerald, J.L. Durell, M.A.C. Hotchkis, W.R. Phillips, and B.J. Varley, 1989, in Daresbury Laboratory Annual Report 1988/89, p. 22
- Mueller, A.C., F. Buchinger, W. Klempt, E.W. Otten, R. Neugart, C. Ekström, and J. Heinemeier, 1983, Nucl. Phys. A 403, 234
- Müller-Schwartz, J., 1967, Z. Phys. 203, 389
- Müller-Schwartz, J., 1968, Nucl. Phys. A 119, 337
- Mustafa, M.G., U. Mosel, and H.W. Schmitt, 1973, Phys. Rev. C 7, 1519
- Myers, W.D., and W.J. Swiatecki, 1969, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 55, 395
- Myers, W.D., and W.J. Swiatecki, 1974, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 84, 186
- Myers, W.D., and W.J. Swiatecki, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 531, 93
- Nakagome, Y., R.C. Block, R.E. Slovacek, and E.B. Bean, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 43, 1824
- Nakatsukasa, T., 1996, Acta Phys. Pol. B 27, 59
- Nakatsukasa, T., K. Matsuyanagi, I. Hamamoto, and W. Nazarewicz, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 573, 333
- Nakatsukasa, T., K. Matsuyanagi, S. Mizutori, and W. Nazarewicz, 1995, Phys. Lett. B 343, 19
- Nakatsukasa, T., S. Mizutori, and K. Matsuyanagi, 1992, Prog. Theor. Phys. 87, 607
- Nakatsukasa, T., S. Mizutori, and K. Matsuyanagi, 1993, Prog. Theor. Phys. 89, 847
- Nazarewicz W., 1985, in Nuclear Structure 1985, edited by R.A. Broglia, G.B. Hagemann, and B. Herskind (North-Holland, Amsterdam), p. 263
- Nazarewicz, W., 1987, in Nuclear Structure Through Static and Dynamic Moments, edited by H.H. Bolotin (Conference Proceedings Press, Melbourne), p. 180
- Nazarewicz, W., 1991, in Recent Advances in Nuclear Structure, edited by D. Bucurescu, G. Cata-Danil, and N.V. Zamfir (World Scientific, Singapore), p. 175
- Nazarewicz, W., 1992, in Nuclear Shapes and Nuclear Structure at Low Excitation Energies, edited by M. Vergnes (Plenum, New York), p. 247
- Nazarewicz, W., 1993, Phys. Lett. B 305, 195
- Nazarewicz, W., S. Ćwiok, J. Dobaczewski, and J.X. Saladin, 1995, Acta. Phys. Pol. 26, 189
- Nazarewicz, W., and J. Dobaczewski, 1992, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 154
- Nazarewicz, W., J. Dobaczewski, and P. Van Isacker, 1992, in Future Directions in Nuclear Physics with Gamma Detection Systems, edited by J. Dudek and B. Haas, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 259 (American Institute of Physics, New York), p. 30
- Nazarewicz, W., G.A. Leander, and J. Dudek, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 467, 437
- Nazarewicz, W., and P. Olanders, 1985a, Nucl. Phys. A 441, 420
- Nazarewicz, W., and P. Olanders, 1985b, Phys. Rev. C 32, 602
- Nazarewicz, W., P. Olanders, I. Ragnarsson, J. Dudek, and G.A. Leander, 1984a, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1272 ibid.53, 2060(E)
- Nazarewicz, W., P. Olanders, I. Ragnarsson, J. Dudek, G.A. Leander, P. Möller, and E. Ruchowska, 1984b, Nucl. Phys. A 429, 269
- Nazarewicz, W., and I. Ragnarsson, 1995, in Handbook of Nuclear Decay Modes (Oxford University, New York), in press
- Nazarewicz, W., and S.L. Tabor, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 45, 2226
- Nazmitdinov, R., and S. Åberg, 1992, Phys. Lett. B 289, 238
- Neergård, K., and P. Vogel, 1970a, Nucl. Phys. A 145, 33
- Neergård, K., and P. Vogel, 1970b, Nucl. Phys. A 149, 209 (I) ibid.149, 217 (II)
- Negele, J.W., 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 502, 371c
- Nemoto, F., and H. Bandō, 1972, Prog. Theor. Phys. 47, 1210
- Nemoto, F., Y. Yamamoto, H. Horiuchi, Y. Suzuki, and K. Ikeda, 1975, Prog. Theor. Phys. 54, 104
- Nilsson, S.G., 1955, K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk. Mat.-Fys. Medd. 29, No. 16
- Nix, J.R., 1969, Nucl. Phys. A 130, 241
- Nix, J.R., 1972, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 22, 65
- Nosek, D., R.K. Sheline, P.C. Sood, and J. Kvasil, 1993a Z. Phys. A 344, 277
- Nosek, D., R.K. Sheline, P.C. Sood, and J. Kvasil, 1993b, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 2, 187
- Noto, H., 1980, Prog. Theor. Phys. 63, 1567
- Noto, H., 1981, Prog. Theor. Phys. 66, 195
- Noto, H., Y. Abe, J. Hiura, and H. Tanaka, 1974, Prog. Theor. Phys. 52, 339
- Noto, H., Y. Abe, J. Hiura, and H. Tanaka, 1976, Prog. Theor. Phys. 55, 1432
- Ogawa, T., Y. Suzuki, and K. Ikeda, 1977, Prog. Theor. Phys. 57, 1072
- Ogaza, S., J. Kownacki, M.P. Carpenter, J. Gascon, G.B. Hagemann, Y. Iwata, H.J. Jensen, T. Komatsubara, J. Nyberg, G. Sletten, P.O. Tjøm, and W. Waluś, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 559, 100
- Ohkubo, S., 1987, Phys. Rev. C 36, 551
- Ohkubo, S., 1988, Phys. Rev. C 38, 2377
- Ohkubo, S., and K. Umehara, 1988, Prog. Theor. Phys. 80, 598
- Ohm, H., M. Liang, G. Molnár, S. Raman, K. Sistemich, and W. Unkelbach, 1990, Phys. Lett. B 241, 472
- Otsuka, T., 1986, Phys. Lett. B 182, 256
- Otsuka, T., and M. Sugita, 1988, Phys. Lett. B 209, 140
- Otten, E.W., 1989, in Treatise on Heavy-Ion Science, Vol. 8: Nuclei Far From Stability, edited by D.A. Bromley (Plenum, New York), p. 517
- Pal, M.K., 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 556, 201
- Parikh, J.C., and N. Ullah, 1967, Nucl. Phys. A 99, 529
- Pashkevich, V.V., 1971, Nucl. Phys. A 169, 275
- Pashkevich, V.V., 1988, Nucl. Phys. A 477, 1
- Paul, E.S., H.R. Andrews, T.E. Drake, J. DeGraaf, V.P. Janzen, S. Pilotte, D.C. Radford, and D. Ward, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 50, R534
- Pearson, C.J., W.R. Phillips, J.L. Durell, B.J. Varley, W.J. Vermeer, W. Urban, and M.K. Khan, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, R1239
- Peker, L.K., J.H. Hamilton, and J.O. Rasmussen, 1981, Phys. Rev. C 24, 1336
- Petrovici, A., K.W. Schmid, and A. Faessler, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 571, 77
- Phillips, W.R., I. Ahmad, H. Emling, R. Holzmann, R.V.F. Janssens, T.-L. Khoo, and M.W. Drigert, 1986, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 3257
- Phillips, W.R., R.V.F. Janssens, I. Ahmad, H. Emling, R. Holzmann, T.-L. Khoo, and M.W. Drigert, 1988, Phys. Lett. B 212, 402
- Piepenbring, R., 1983, Phys. Rev. C 27, 2968
- Piepenbring, R., 1984, J. Phys. Lett. 45, L-1023
- Piepenbring, R., 1985, Z. Phys. A 322, 495
- Piepenbring, R., and J. Leandri, 1991, Phys. Lett. B 267, 17
- Piessens, M., E. Jacobs, S. Pommé, and D. De Frenne, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 556, 88
- Pignanelli, M., N. Blasi, S. Micheletti, R. de Leo, M.A. Hofstee, J.M. Schippers, S.Y. van der Werf, and M.N. Harakeh, 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 519, 567
- Piiparinen, M., P. Kleinheinz, J. Blomqvist, A. Virtanen, A. Ataç, D. Müller, J. Nyberg, T. Ramsøy, and G. Sletten, 1993, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 150
- Pilt, A.A., and C. Wheatley, 1978, Phys. Lett. B 76, 11
- Pitz, H.H., R.D. Heil, U. Kneissl, S. Lindenstruth, U. Seemann, R. Stock, C. Wesselborg, A. Zilges, P. von Brentano, S.D. Hoblit, and A.M. Nathan, 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 509, 587
- Poenaru, D.N., W. Greiner, E. Hourani, and M. Hussonnois, 1994, Z. Phys. A 349, 307
- Poenaru, D.N., M. Ivaşcu, A. Săndulescu, and W. Greiner, 1984, J. Phys. G. 10, L183
- Poenaru, D.N., M. Ivaşcu, A. Săndulescu, and W. Greiner, 1985, Phys. Rev. C 32, 572
- Poynter, R.J., P.A. Butler, N. Clarkson, D. Cline, K.A. Connell, R.A. Cunningham, L. Goettig, T.H. Hoare, J.R. Hughes, N.S. Jarvis, G.D. Jones, S. Juutinen, S.M. Mullins, C.N. Pass, J. Simpson, R. Wadsworth, D.L. Watson, and C.A. White, 1989a, Phys. Lett. B 232, 447
- Poynter, R.J., P.A. Butler, G.D. Jones, R.J. Tanner, C.A. White, J.R. Hughes, S.M. Mullins, R. Wadsworth, D.L. Watson, and J. Simpson, 1989b, J. Phys. G 15, 449
- Praharaj, C.R., 1986, J. Phys. G 12, L139
- Price, P.B., 1989, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 39, 19
- Provoost, D., F. Grümmer, K. Goeke, and P.-G. Reinhardt, 1984, Nucl. Phys. A 431, 139
- Pyatov, N.I., and D.I. Salamov, 1977, Nukleonika 22, 127
- Raduta, A., A. Sandulescu, and P.O. Lipas, 1970, Nucl. Phys. A 149, 11
- Rae, W.D.M., 1988, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 3, 1343
- Rae, W.D.M., and A.C. Merchant, 1992, Phys. Lett. B 279, 207
- Ragnarsson, I., 1983, Phys. Lett. B 130, 353
- Ragnarsson, I., S.G. Nilsson, and R.K. Sheline, 1978, Phys. Rep. 45, 1
- Rainwater, J., 1950, Phys. Rev. 79, 432
- Raman, S., C.W. Nestor, Jr., S. Kahane, and K.H. Bhatt, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 43, 556
- Rasmussen, J. O., 1959, Phys. Rev. 113, 1593
- Reich, C.W., I. Ahmad, and G.A. Leander, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 169, 148
- Reidemeister, G., and F. Michel, 1993, Phys. Rev. 47, R1846
- Reidemeister, G., S. Ohkubo, and F. Michel, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 41, 63
- Reinhard, P.-G., and E.W. Otten, 1984, Nucl. Phys. A 420, 173
- Richards, H.T., 1984, Phys. Rev. C 29, 276
- Ring, P., and P. Schuck, 1980, The Nuclear Many-Body Problem (Springer, New York)
- Robledo, L.M., 1992, Phys. Rev. C 46, 238
- Robledo, L.M., J.L. Egido, J.F. Berger, and M. Girod, 1987, Phys. Lett. B 187, 223
- Robledo, L.M., J.L. Egido, B. Nerlo-Pomorska, and K. Pomorski, 1988, Phys. Lett. B 201, 409
- Robledo, L.M., J.L. Egido, and P. Ring, 1986, Nucl. Phys. A 449, 201
- Robson, D., 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 876
- Röhl, W.H., 1966, Z. Phys. 195, 389
- Rohoziński, S.G., 1978, J. Phys. G 4, 1075
- Rohoziński, S.G., 1988, Rep. Prog. Phys. 51, 541
- Rohoziński, S.G., 1990, J. Phys. G. 16, L173
- Rohoziński, S.G., M. Gajda, and W. Greiner, 1982, J. Phys. G 8, 787
- Rohoziński, S.G., and W. Greiner, 1980, J. Phys. G 6, 969
- Rohoziński, S.G., and W. Greiner, 1983, Phys. Lett. B 128, 1
- Rose, H.J., and G.A. Jones, 1984, Nature 307, 245
- Rosso, O.A., W. Unkelbach, and G. Molnár, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 563, 74
- Roth, B., and K. Wildermuth, 1960, Nucl. Phys. 20, 10
- Roy, N., D.J. Decman, H. Kluge, K.H. Maier, A. Maj, C. Mittag, J. Fernández-Niello, H. Puchta, and F. Riess, 1984, Nucl. Phys. A 426, 379
- Rozmej, P., S. Ćwiok, and A. Sobiczewski, 1988, Phys. Lett. B 203, 197
- Ruchowska, E., W. Kurcewicz, N. Kaffrell, T. Björnstad, and G. Nyman, 1982, Nucl. Phys. A 383, 1
- Ruchowska, E., J. Żylicz, C.F. Liang, P. Paris, and Ch. Braincon, 1992, J. Phys. G 18, 131
- Rugari, S.L., R.H. France III, B.J. Lund, Z. Zhao, M. Gai, P.A. Butler, V.A. Holliday, A.N. James, G.D. Jones, R.J. Poynter, R.J. Tanner, K.L. Ying, and J. Simpson, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 48, 2078
- Rutz, K., J.A. Maruhn, P.-G. Reinhard, and W. Greiner, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 590, 680
- Sagawa, H., N. Takigawa, and N. van Giai, 1992, Nucl. Phys. A 543, 575
- Sakamoto, H., and T. Kishimoto, 1989, Nucl. Phys. A 501, 205
- Sakuda, T., 1977, Prog. Theor. Phys. 57, 855
- Sakuda, T., S. Nagata, and F. Nemoto, 1978, Prog. Theor. Phys. 59, 1543
- Sakuda, T., S. Nagata, and F. Nemoto, 1979, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 65, 111
- Sandor, R.K.J., H.P. Blok, M. Girod, M.N. Harakeh, C.W. de Jager, and H. de Vries, 1993a, Nucl. Phys. A 551, 349
- Sandor, R.K.J., H.P. Blok, M. Girod, M.N. Harakeh, C.W. de Jager, V. Yu. Ponomarev, and H. de Vries, 1993b, Nucl. Phys. A 551, 378
- Sandulescu, A., and W. Greiner, 1992, Rep. Prog. Phys. 55, 1423
- Satula, W., S. Ćwiok, W. Nazarewicz, R. Wyss, and A. Johnson, 1991, Nucl. Phys. A 529, 289
- Scholten, O., F. Iachello, and A. Arima, 1978, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 115, 325
- Schüler, P., Ch. Lauterbach, Y.K. Agarwal, J. de Boer, K.P. Blume, P.A. Butler, K. Euler, Ch. Fleischmann, C. Günther, E. Hauber, H.J. Maier, M. Marten-Tölle, Ch. Schandera, R.S. Simon, R. Tölle, and P. Zeyen, 1986, Phys. Lett. B 174, 241
- Schulz, N., V.R. Vanin, M. Aïche, Ch. Briançon, A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, M.E. Debray, A.J. Kreiner, E. Ruchowska, and J.C. Sens, 1990, Z. Phys. A 335, 107
- Schulz, N., V.R. Vanin, M. Aïche, A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, J.C. Sens, Ch. Briançon, S. Ćwiok, E. Ruchowska, J. Fernandez-Niello, Ch. Mittag, and J. Dudek, 1989, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 2645
- Schulz, N., V.R. Vanin, A.J. Kreiner, E. Ruchowska, M. Aïche, Ch. Briançon, A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, M.E. Debray, and J.C. Sens, 1991, Z. Phys. A 339, 325
- Schwartz, B., Ch. Ender, D. Habs, D. Schwalm, M. Dahlinger, E. Kankeleit, H. Folger, R.S. Simon, and H. Backe, 1986, Z. Phys. A 323, 489
- Schwartz, B., D. Habs, D. Schwalm, M. Dahlinger, E. Kankeleit, H. Folger, and R.S. Simon, 1987, GSI Scientific Report 87-1, p. 31
- Schwartz, B., D. Habs, D. Schwalm, M. Dahlinger, E. Kankeleit, H. Folger, and R.S. Simon, 1988, GSI Scientific Report 88-1, p. 33
- Sellschop, J.P.F., A. Zucchiatti, L. Mirman, M.Z.I. Gering, and E. Di Salvo, 1987, J. Phys. G 13, 1129
- Sheline, R.K., 1980, Phys. Rev. C 21, 1660
- Sheline, R.K., 1986, Phys. Lett. B 166, 269
- Sheline, R.K., 1988a, Phys. Rev. C 37, 423
- Sheline, R.K., 1988b, Phys. Lett. B 205, 11
- Sheline, R.K., 1989a, Phys. Lett. B 219, 222
- Sheline, R.K., 1989b, Phys. Lett. B 222, 179
- Sheline, R.K., 1993a, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 2, 657
- Sheline, R.K., 1993b, Phys. Rev. C 48, 1003
- Sheline, R.K., and B.B. Bossinga, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, 218
- Sheline, R.K., Y.S. Chen, and G.A. Leander, 1988, Nucl. Phys. A 486, 306
- Sheline, R.K., D. Decman, K. Nybø, T.F. Thorsteinsen, G. Løvhøiden, E.R. Flynn, J.A. Cizewski, D.K. Burke, G. Sletten, P. Hill, N. Kaffrell, W. Kurcewicz, G. Nyman, and G. Leander, 1983, Phys. Lett. B 133, 13
- Sheline, R.K., A.K. Jain, and K. Jain, 1988, Phys. Rev. C 38, 2952
- Sheline, R.K., A.K. Jain, K. Jain, and I. Ragnarsson, 1989, Phys. Lett. B 219, 47
- Sheline, R.K., J. Kvasil, C.F. Liang, and P. Paris, 1991, Phys. Rev. C 44, R1732
- Sheline, R.K., J. Kvasil, C.F. Liang, and P. Paris, 1993, J. Phys. G 19, 617
- Sheline, R.K., and G.A. Leander, 1983, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 359
- Sheline, R.K., C.F. Liang, and P. Paris, 1990, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 5, 2821
- Sheline, R.K., C.F. Liang, P. Paris, J. Kvasil, and D. Nosek, 1995, Phys. Rev. C 51, 1708
- Sheline, R.K., and I. Ragnarsson, 1991a, Phys. Rev. C 43, 1476
- Sheline, R.K., and I. Ragnarsson, 1991b, Phys. Rev. C 44, 2886
- Sheline, R.K., and P.C. Sood, 1986, Phys. Rev. C 34, 2362
- Sheline, R.K., and P.C. Sood, 1989, Prog. Theor. Phys. 81, 1057
- Sheline, R.K., and P.C. Sood, 1990, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 5, 2677
- Sheline, R.K., and P.C. Sood, 1991, Fizika (Zagreb) 23, 1
- Sheline, R.K., and K. Wildermuth, 1960, Nucl. Phys. 21, 196
- Shi, Y.-J., and W.J. Swiatecki, 1987, Nucl. Phys. A 464, 205
- Shriner, J.F., Jr., P.D. Cottle, J.F. Ennis, M. Gai, D.A. Bromley, J.W. Olness, E.K. Warburton, L. Hildingsson, M.A. Quader, and D.B. Fossan, 1985, Phys. Rev. 32, 1888
- Skalski, J., 1990, Phys. Lett. B 238, 6
- Skalski, J., 1991, Phys. Rev. C 43, 140
- Skalski, J., 1992, Phys. Lett. B 274, 1
- Skalski, J., 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, 2011
- Skalski, J., P.-H. Heenen, and P. Bonche, 1993a, Nucl. Phys. A 559, 221
- Skalski, J., P.-H. Heenen, P. Bonche, H. Flocard, and J. Meyer, 1993b, Nucl. Phys. A 551, 109
- Smith, J.F., J.F.C. Cocks, N. Schulz, M. Aïche, M. Bentaleb, P.A. Butler, F. Hannachi, G.D. Jones, P.M. Jones, R. Julin, S. Juutinen, R. Kulessa, E. Lubkiewicz, A. Płochocki, F. Riess, E. Ruchowska, A. Savelius, J.C. Sens, J. Simpson, and E. Wolf, 1995, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1050
- Sobiczewski, A., and K. Böning, 1987, Acta Phys. Pol. B 18, 393
- Sobiczewski, A., Z. Patyk, S. Ćwiok, and P. Rozmej, 1988, Nucl. Phys. A 485, 16
- Soloviev, V.G., 1965, Nucl. Phys. 69, 1
- Soloviev, V.G., 1976, Theory of Complex Nuclei (Pergamon, New York)
- Soloviev, V.G., and A.V. Sushkov, 1991, Phys. Lett. B 262, 189
- Soloviev, V.G., and A.V. Sushkov, 1994, Phys. At. Nuclei 57, 1304
- Soloviev, V.G., and P. Vogel, 1963, Phys. Lett. 6, 126
- Sood, P.C., and R.K. Sheline, 1989, Phys. Rev. C 40, 1530
- Spear, R.H., 1989, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 42, 55
- Spear, R.H., and W.N. Catford, 1990, Phys. Rev. 41, R1351
- Spear, R.H., W.J. Vermeer, S.M. Burnett, G.J. Gyapong, and C.S. Lim, 1989, Aust. J. Phys. 42, 345
- Stephens, F.S., Jr., F. Asaro, and I. Perlman, 1954, Phys. Rev. 96, 1568
- Stephens, F.S., Jr., F. Asaro, and I. Perlman, 1955, Phys. Rev 100, 1543
- Strayer, M.R., R.Y. Cusson, A.S. Umar, P.-G. Reinhard, D.A. Bromley, and W. Greiner, 1984, Phys. Lett. B 135, 261
- Strutinsky, V.M., 1956, At. Energ. 4, 150
- Strutinsky, V.M., 1957, J. Nucl. Energy 4, 523
- Strutinsky, V.M., 1967, Nucl. Phys. A 95, 420
- Strutinsky, V.M., 1974, Nucl. Phys. A 218, 169
- Strutinsky, V.M., and A.G. Magner, 1976, Sov. J. Part. Nucl. 7, 138
- Sujkowski, Z., D. Chmielewska, M.J.A. De Voigt, J.F.W. Jansen, and O. Scholten, 1977, Nucl. Phys. A 291, 365
- Sushkov, O.P., and V.V. Flambaum, 1980, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 31, 28
- Suzuki, Y., 1976, Prog. Theor. Phys. 55, 1751
- Suzuki, Y., 1980, Prog. Theor. Phys. 64, 2041
- Suzuki, Y., and Y. Tosaka, 1990, Nucl. Phys. A 517, 599
- Suzuki, Y., A. Yamamoto, and K. Ikeda, 1985, Nucl. Phys. A 444, 365
- Tamura, T., and T. Udagawa, 1962, Nucl. Phys. 35, 382
- Tanabe, F., and F. Nemoto, 1974, Prog. Theor. Phys. 51, 2009
- Thouless, D.J., 1961, Nucl. Phys. 22, 78
- Tomoda, T., and A. Arima, 1978, Nucl. Phys. A 303, 217
- Toth, K.S., H.J. Kim, M.N. Rao, and R.L. Mlekodaj, 1986, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 2360
- Uchiyama, T., and H. Morinaga, 1985, Z. Phys. A 320, 273
- Umar, A.S., M.R. Strayer, R.Y. Cusson, P.-G. Reinhard, and D.A. Bromley, 1985, Phys. Rev. C 32, 172
- Urban, W., J.C. Bacelar, W. Gast, G. Hebbinghaus, A. Krämer-Flecken, R.M. Lieder, T. Morek, and T. Rza̧ca-Urban, 1990, Phys. Lett. B 247, 238
- Urban, W., J.L. Durell, W.R. Phillips, B.J. Varley, Ch.P. Hess, M.A. Jones, C.J. Pearson, W.J. Vermeer, Ch. Vieu, J.S. Dionisio, M. Pautrat, and J.C. Bacelar, 1995, Nucl. Phys. A 587, 541
- Urban, W., R.M. Lieder, J.C. Bacelar, P.P. Singh, D. Alber, D. Balabanski, W. Gast, H. Grawe, G. Hebbinghaus, J.R. Jongman, T. Morek, R.F. Noorman, T. Rza̧ca-Urban, H. Schnare, M. Thoms, O. Zell, and W. Nazarewicz, 1991, Phys. Lett. B 258, 293
- Urban, W., R.M. Lieder, W. Gast, G. Hebbinghaus, A. Krämer-Flecken, K.P. Blume, and H. Hübel, 1987, Phys. Lett. B 185, 331
- Urban, W., R.M. Lieder, W. Gast, G. Hebbinghaus, A. Krämer-Flecken, T. Morek, T. Rza̧ca-Urban, W. Nazarewicz, and S.L. Tabor, 1988, Phys. Lett. B 200, 424
- Vdovin, A.I., and V.G. Soloviev, 1983, Fiz. Elem. Chastits At. Yadra 14, 237 [Sov. J. Part. Nucl. 14, 99]
- Veje, C.J., 1966, K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk. Mat.-Fys. Medd. 35
- Vergnes, M.N., and J.O. Rasmussen, 1965, Nucl. Phys. 62, 233
- Vermeer, W.J., M.K. Khan, A.S. Mowbray, J.B. Fitzgerald, J.A. Cizewski, B.J. Varley, J.L. Durell, and W.R. Phillips, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 42, R1183
- Vermeer, W.J., W. Urban, M.K. Khan, C.J. Pearson, A.B. Wiseman, B.J. Varley, J.L. Durell, and W.R. Phillips, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 559, 422
- Vogel, P., 1968, Nucl. Phys. A 112, 583
- Vogel, P., 1976, Phys. Lett. B 60, 431
- von Brentano, P., N. V. Zamfir, and A. Zilges, 1992, Phys. Lett. B 278, 221
- Wada, T., and H. Horiuchi, 1987, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2190
- Wada, T., and H. Horiuchi, 1988, Phys. Rev. C 38, 2063
- Ward, D., H.R. Andrews, G.C. Ball, A. Galindo-Uribarri, V.P. Janzen, T. Nakatsukasa, D.C. Radford, T.E. Drake, J. De-Graaf, S. Pilotte, and Y.R. Shimizu, 1995, Preprint No. TASCC-P-95-29
- Ward, D., G.D. Dracoulis, J.R. Leigh, R.J. Charity, D.J. Hinde, and J.O. Newton, 1983, Nucl. Phys. A 406, 591
- Wieland, M., J. Fernández-Niello, F. Riess, M. Aïche, A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, N. Schulz, J.C. Sens, Ch. Briançon, R. Kulessa, and E. Ruchowska, 1992a, Phys. Rev. C 45, 1035
- Wieland, M., J. Fernández-Niello, B. von Fromberg, F. Riess, M. Aïche, A. Chevallier, J. Chevallier, N. Schulz, J.C. Sens, Ch. Briançon, and E. Ruchowska, 1992b, Phys. Rev. C 46, 2628
- Wildermuth, K., and Th. Kanellopoulos, 1958a, Nucl. Phys. 7, 150
- Wildermuth, K., and Th. Kanellopoulos, 1958b, Nucl. Phys. 9, 449
- Wilkins, B.D., E.P. Steinberg, and R.R. Chasman, 1976, Phys. Rev. C 14, 1832
- Wolff, R., G. Puddu, and J.W. Negele, 1992 (unpublished)
- Wollersheim, H.J., H. Emling, H. Grein, R. Kulessa, R.S. Simon, C. Fleischmann, J. de Boer, E. Hauber, C. Lauterbach, C. Schandera, P.A. Butler, and T. Czosnyka, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 556, 261
- Yamamoto, Y., 1974, Prog. Theor. Phys. 52, 471
- Yamaya, T., S. Oh-ami, M. Fujiwara, T. Itahashi, K. Katori, M. Tosaki, S. Kato, S. Hatori, and S. Ohkubo, 1990, Phys. Rev. C 42, 1935
- Yamaya, T., M. Saito, M. Fujiwara, T. Itahashi, K. Katori, T. Suehiro, S. Kato, S. Hatori, and S. Ohkubo, 1993, Phys. Lett. B 306, 1
- Yang, B., and Z. Hwang, 1987, Phys. Rev. C 35, 851
- Yi, G.Y., F. Catara, M. Sambataro, and A. Vitturi, 1991, Europhys. Lett. 16, 711
- Yoshida, S., 1962, Nucl. Phys. 38, 380
- Yoshinaga, N., T. Mizusaki, and T. Otsuka, 1993, Nucl. Phys. A 559, 193
- Zaikin, D.A., 1966, Nucl. Phys. A 86, 638
- Zamfir, N.V., R.F. Casten, and P. von Brentano, 1989, Phys. Lett. B 226, 11
- Zamfir, N.V., O. Scholten, and P. von Brentano, 1990, Z. Phys. A 337, 293
- Zamfir, N.V., and P. von Brentano, 1992, Phys. Lett. B 289, 245
- Zamfir, N.V., P. von Brentano, and R.F. Casten, 1994, Phys. Rev. C 49, R605
- Zhang, J., A.C. Merchant, and W.D.M. Rae, 1993, Phys. Rev. C 48, 2117
- Zhang, J., W.D.M. Rae, and A.C. Merchant, 1994, Nucl. Phys. A 575, 61
- Zhu, X., J.D. Bowman, C.D. Bowman, J.E. Bush, P.P.J. Delheij, C.M. Frankle, C.R. Gould, D.G. Haase, J.N. Knudson, G.E. Mitchell, S. Penttilä, H. Postma, N.R. Roberson, S.J. Seestrom, J.J. Szymanski, and V.W. Yuan, 1992, Phys. Rev. C 46, 768
- Zhu, S.J., Q.H. Lu, J.H. Hamilton, A.V. Ramayya, L.K. Peker, M.G. Wang, W.C. Ma, B.R.S. Babu, T.N. Ginter, J. Kormicki, D. Shi, J.K. Deng, W. Nazarewicz, J.O. Rasmussen, M.A. Stoyer, S.Y. Chu, K.E. Gregorich, M.F. Mohar, S. Asztalos, S.G. Prussin, J.D. Cole, R. Aryaeinejad, Y.K. Dardenne, M. Drigert, K.J. Moody, R.W. Lougheed, J.F. Wild, N.R. Johnson, I.Y. Lee, F.K. McGowan, G.M. Ter-Akopian, and Yu.Ts. Oganessian, 1995, Phys. Lett. B 357, 273
- Zilges, A., P. von Brentano, H. Friedrichs, R.D. Heil, U. Kneissl, S. Lindenstruth, H.H. Pitz, and C. Wesselborg, 1991, Z. Phys. A 340, 155
- Zilges, A., P. von Brentano, and A. Richter, 1992, Z. Phys. A 341, 489
- Zolnowski, D.R., T. Kishimoto, Y. Gono, and T.T. Sugihara, 1975, Phys. Lett. B 55, 453
- Żylicz, J., 1986, in Nuclear Structure, Reactions and Symmetries, edited by R.A. Meyer and V. Paar (World Scientific, Singapore), p. 79