- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Reviews of Modern Physics

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Electron production in proton collisions: total cross sections

M. E. Rudd, Y. -K. Kim, D. H. Madison, and J. W. Gallagher

M. E. Rudd

  • Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0111

Y. -K. Kim

  • National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

D. H. Madison

  • Department of Physics, Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa 50311

J. W. Gallagher

  • Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, University of Colorado and National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, Colorado 80309

PDF

Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 965 – Published 1 October, 1985

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.57.965

Abstract

Existing data on the ionization of neutral atoms and molecules by proton impact are reviewed, and electron production cross-section data are collected. The three major experimental methods are discussed and possible sources of error identified. Some theoretical cross sections are discussed, and well-established methods of relating them to measured cross sections are reviewed. A mathematical equation is fitted to the weighted experimental data for each target, and these fits are adjusted to be consistent with appropriate theoretical calculations and with electron impact and photoionization data. Recommended values of total cross sections for proton-impact ionization are given.

View figure in article

References (133)

  1. Afrosimov, V. V., R. N. Il'in, and N. V. Fedorenko, 1958a, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 34, 1398 [Sov. Phys.—JETP 7, 968 (1958)]
  2. Afrosimov, V. V., R. N. Il'in, and N. V. Fedorenko, 1958b, Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 28, 2266 [Sov. Phys.—Tech. Phys. 3, 2080 (1958)]
  3. Afrosimov, V. V., G. A. Leǐko, Yu. A. Mamaev, and M. N. Panov, 1969, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 56, 1204 [Sov. Phys.—JETP 29, 648 (1969)]
  4. Afrosimov, V. V., Yu. A. Mamaev, M. N. Panov, and V. Uroshevich, 1967, Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 37, 717 [Sov. Phys.—Tech. Phys. 12, 512 (1967)]
  5. Barnett, C. F., and H. B. Gilbody, 1968, Methods of Experimental Physics, edited by B. Bederson and Wade L. Fite (Academic, New York), Vol. 7A, p. 390
  6. Barnett, C. F., J. A. Roy, E. Ricci, M. I. Wilher, E. W. McDaniel, E. W. Thomas, and H. B. Gilbody, 1977, Report No. ORNL-5206, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
  7. Becker, M., and A. Scharmann, 1969, Z. Naturforsch. A 24, 854
  8. Bederson, B., 1968, Methods Exp. Phys. A 7, 67
  9. Berkowitz, J., 1979, Photoabsorption, Photoioization and Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Academic, New York)
  10. Bethe, H., 1930, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 5, 325
  11. Bevington, P. R., 1969, Data Reduction and Error Analysis for Physical Sciences (McGraw-Hill, New York)
  12. Blaauw, H. J., R. W. Wagenaar, D. H. Barends, and F. J. De Heer, 1980, J. Phys. B 13, 359
  13. Burhop, E. H. S., and W. N. Asaad, 1972, Adv. At. Mol. Phys. 8, 163
  14. Collins, J. G., and P. Kebarle, 1967, J. Chem. Phys. 46, 1082
  15. Criswell, T. L., L. H. Toburen, and M. E. Rudd, 1977, Phys. Rev. A 16, 508
  16. Crooks, J. B., 1974, Ph.D. thesis (University of Nebraska)
  17. Crooks, J. B., and M. E. Rudd, 1971, Phys. Rev. A 3, 1628
  18. De Heer, F. J., J. Schutten, and H. Moustafa, 1966, Physica (Utrecht) 32, 1766
  19. Desesquelles, J., G. D. Cao, and M. C. Dufay, 1966, C. R. Acad. Sci. Ser. B 262, 1329
  20. Douthat, D. A., 1979, J. Phys. B 12, 663
  21. Drawin, H. W., 1961, Z. Phys. 164, 513
  22. DuBois, R. D., 1984, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 2348
  23. DuBois, R. D., L. H. Toburen, and M. E. Rudd, 1984, Phys. Rev. A 29, 70
  24. DuBois, R. D., L. H. Toburen, and S. T. Manson, 1984, in X-Ray and Inner-Shell Processes in Atoms, Molecules, and Solids, edited by A. Meisel and J. Finster (Carl Marx University, Leipzig), p. 145
  25. Dufay, M., J. Desesquelles, M. Druetta, and M. Eidelsberg, 1966, Ann. Geophys. 22, 614
  26. Edwards, A. K., R. M. Wood, and M. F. Steuer, 1977, Phys. Rev. A 15, 48
  27. Eggarter, E., 1975, J. Chem. Phys. 62, 833
  28. Fedorenko, N. V., 1959, Usp. Fiz. Nauk. 68, 481 [Sov. Phys.—Usp. 2, 526 (1959)]
  29. Fedorenko, N. V., V. V. Afrosimov, R. N. Il'in, and E. S. Solovev, 1960, in Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Ionization Phenomena in Gases, edited by N. R. Nillson (North-Holland, Amsterdam), Vol. I, p. 47
  30. Fite, W. L., R. F. Stebbings, D. G. Hummer, and R. T. Brackmann, 1960, Phys. Rev. 119, 663
  31. Fogel', I. M., L. I. Krupnik, and B. G. Safronov, 1955, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 28, 589 [Sov. Phys.—JETP 1, 415 (1955)]
  32. Fogel', I. M., R. P. Slabospitskii, and A. B. Rastrepin, 1960, Zh. Tekhn. Fiz. 30, 63 [Sov. Phys.—Tech. Phys. 5, 58 (1960)]
  33. Froese-Fisher, C., 1972, Comput. Phys. Commun. 4, 107
  34. Gabler, H., 1974, Diplomarbeit thesis (Freie Universitat Berlin) Rudd et al. (1979)
  35. Gaede, W., 1915, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 46, 357
  36. Ghosh, S. N., and W. F. Sheridan, 1957, J. Chem. Phys. 26, 480
  37. Gilbody, H. B., and J. B. Hasted, 1957, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 240, 382
  38. Gilbody, H. B., and J. V. Ireland, 1963, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 277, 137
  39. Gilbody, H. B., and A. R. Lee, 1963, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 274, 365
  40. Goldmann, F., 1932, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 10, 460
  41. Gordeev, Yu. S., and M. N. Panov, 1964, Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 34, 857 [Sov. Phys.—Tech. Phys. 9, 656 (1964)]
  42. Hollricher, O., 1965, Z. Phys. 41, 187
  43. Hooper, J. W., 1961, Ph.D. thesis (Georgia Institute of Technology)
  44. Hooper, J. W., E. W. McDaniel, D. W. Martin, and D. S. Harmer, 1961, Phys. Rev. 121, 1123
  45. Hvelplund, P., H. K. Haugen, and H. Knudsen, 1980, Phys. Rev. A 22, 1930
  46. Il'in, R. N., V. V. Afrosimov, and N. V. Fedorenko, 1959, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 36, 41 [Sov. Phys.—JETP 9, 29 (1959)]
  47. Inokuti, M., 1971, Rev. Mod. Phys. 43, 297
  48. Ishii, H., and K. I. Nakayama, 1962, Transactions of the 8th National Vacuum Symposium (Pergamon, London), Vol. I, p. 519
  49. Keene, J. P., 1949, Philos. Mag. 40, 369
  50. Kim, Y.-K., 1975a, Radiat. Res. 64, 96
  51. Kim, Y.-K., 1975b, Radiat. Res. 64, 205
  52. Kim, Y.-K., and K. T. Cheng, 1978, Phys. Rev. A 18, 36
  53. Kim, Y.-K., and M. Inokuti, 1971, Phys. Rev. A 3, 665
  54. Klar, H., 1982, Z. Phys. A 307, 75
  55. Knudson, M., 1910, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 31, 205
  56. Kuyatt, C. E., and T. Jorgensen, Jr., 1963, Phys. Rev. 130, 1444
  57. Langenberg, A., and J. van Eck, 1976, J. Phys. B 9, 2421
  58. Latypov, Z. Z., and A. A. Shaporenko, 1972, Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 42, 151 [Sov. Phys.—Tech. Phys. 17, 117 (1972)]
  59. Latypov, Z. Z., and A. A. Shaporenko, 1973, Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 18, 439 [JETP Lett. 18, 258 (1973)]
  60. Levchenko, Yu. Z., L. I. Pivovar, and G. D. Tolstolutskaya, 1973, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 64, 1991 [Sov. Phys.—JETP 37, 1004 (1973)]
  61. Lynch, D. J., L. H. Toburen, and W. E. Wilson, 1976, J. Chem. Phys. 64, 2616
  62. Mach, R., H. Drost, H. Behlke, and H.-J. Spangenberg, 1977, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 34, 175
  63. Madison, D. H. 1973, Phys. Rev. A 8, 2449
  64. Madison, D. H., and S. T. Manson, 1979, Phys. Rev. A 20, 825
  65. Madison, D. H., and E. Merzbacher, 1975, in Atomic Inner-Shell Processes, edited by B. Crasemann (Academic, New York), Vol. 1, p. 1
  66. Manson, S. T., L. H. Toburen, D. H. Madison, and N. Stolterfoht, 1975, Phys. Rev. A 12, 60
  67. Massey, H. S. W., and E. H. S. Burhop, 1969, Electronic and Ionic Impact Phenomena (Oxford University, Oxford), Vol. I, Chap. 8
  68. Massey, H. S. W., and H. B. Gilbody, 1974, Electronic and Ionic Impact Phenomena (Oxford University, Oxford), Vol. IV, Chap. 23
  69. McCullough, R. W., and H. B. Gilbody, 1971, J. Phys. B 4, 1488
  70. McDaniel, E. W., J. W. Hooper, D. W. Martin, and D. S. Harmer, 1962, in Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Ionization Phenomena in Gases, edited by H. Maecker (North-Holland, Amsterdam), Vol. I, p. 60
  71. McNeal, R. J., 1970, J. Chem. Phys. 53, 4308
  72. McNeal, R. J., and J. H. Birely, 1973, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 11, 633
  73. McNeal, R. J., and D. C. Clark, 1969, J. Geophys. Res. 74, 5065
  74. O'Hare, B. G., R. W. McCullough, and H. B. Gilbody, 1975, J. Phys. B 8, 2968
  75. Park, J. T., 1983, Adv. At. Mol. Phys. 19, 67
  76. Park, J. T., J. E. Aldag, J. M. George, J. L. Peacher, and J. H. McGuire, 1977, Phys. Rev. A 15, 508
  77. Park, J. T., J. M. George, J. L. Peacher, and J. E. Aldag, 1978, Phys. Rev. A 18, 48
  78. Park, J. T., D. R. Schoonover, and G. W. York, 1970, Phys. Rev. A 2, 2304
  79. Park, J. T., and F. D. Schowengerdt, 1969, Phys. Rev. 185, 152
  80. Park, J. T., F. D. Schowengerdt, and D. R. Schoonover, 1971, Phys. Rev. A 3, 679
  81. Pivovar, L. I., and Yu. Z. Levchenko, 1967, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 52, 42 [Sov. Phys.—JETP 25, 27 (1967)]
  82. Poulizac, M.-C., J. Desesquelles, and M. Dufay, 1966, C. R. Acad. Sci. Ser. B 263, 553
  83. Poulizac, M.-C., J. Desesquelles, and M. Dufay, 1967, Ann. Astrophys. 30, 301
  84. Poulizac, M.-C., and M. Dufay, 1967, Astrophys. Lett. 1, 17
  85. Puckett, L. J., and D. W. Martin, 1970, Phys. Rev. A 1, 1432
  86. Rapp, D., and P. Englander-Golden, 1965, J. Chem. Phys. 43, 1464
  87. Rau, R., 1984, in Invited Papers of the XIIIth International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions, edited by J. Eichler, I. V. Hertel, and N. Stolterfoht (North-Holland, Amsterdam), p. 711
  88. Rieke, F. F., and W. Prepejchal, 1972, Phys. Rev. A 6, 1507
  89. Rudd, M. E., 1977, reported in Criswell et al., 1977
  90. Rudd, M. E., 1979, Phys. Rev. A 20, 787
  91. Rudd, M. E., 1984, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 31, 387
  92. Rudd, M. E., R. D. DuBois, L. H. Toburen, C. A. Ratcliffe, and T. V. Goffe, 1983, Phys. Rev. A 28, 3244
  93. Rudd, M. E., T. V. Goffe, R. D. DuBois, and L. H. Toburen, 1985, Phys. Rev. A 31, 492
  94. Rudd, M. E., and T. Jorgensen, Jr., 1963, Phys. Rev. 131, 666
  95. Rudd, M. E., and J. H. Macek, 1972, Case Stud. At. Phys. 3, 47
  96. Rudd, M. E., and D. H. Madison, 1976, Phys. Rev. A 14, 128
  97. Rudd, M. E., C. A. Sautter, and C. L. Bailey, 1966, Phys. Rev. 151, 20
  98. Rudd, M. E., L. H. Toburen, and N. Stolterfoht, 1976, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 18, 413
  99. Rudd, M. E., L. H. Toburen, and N. Stolterfoht, 1979, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 23, 405
  100. Salin, A., 1972, Phys. B 5, 979
  101. Saxon, R. P., 1973, Phys. Rev. A 8, 839
  102. Schiff, L. I., 1949, Quantum Mechanics, 1st ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York), pp. 168-169
  103. Schowengerdt, F. D., and J. T. Park, 1970, Phys. Rev. A 1, 848
  104. Schram, B. L., A. J. H. Boerboom, W. Kleine, and J. Kistemaker, 1965, Physica 32, 749
  105. Schwirzke, F., 1960, Z. Phys. 157, 510
  106. SethuRaman, V., W. R. Thorson, and C. F. Lebeda, 1973, Phys. Rev. A 8, 1316
  107. Shah, M. B., and H. B. Gilbody, 1981, J. Phys. B 14, 2361
  108. Shah, M. B., and H. B. Gilbody, 1982, J. Phys. B 15, 3441
  109. Smith, P. T., 1930, Phys. Rev. 36, 1293
  110. Solov'ev, E. S., R. N. Il'in, V. A. Oparin, and N. V. Fedorenko, 1962, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 42, 659 [Sov. Phys.—JETP 15, 459 (1962)]
  111. Steddeford, J. B., and J. B. Hasted, 1955, Proc. R. Soc. London 227, 466
  112. Stier, P. M., and C. F. Barnett, 1956, Phys. Rev. 103, 896
  113. Stolterfoht, N., 1971a, Z. Phys. 248, 81
  114. Stolterfoht, N., 1971b, Z. Phys. 248, 92
  115. Stolterfoht, N., 1975, reported in Manson et al., 1975 Rudd et al., 1976
  116. Thomas, E. W., 1985, Atomic Data for Controlled Fusion Research Vol. III, "Particle Interaction with Surfaces," Oak Ridge National Laboratory Report No. ORNL-6088/V3
  117. Thomson, J. J., 1912, Philos. Mag. 23, 449
  118. Toburen, L. H., 1974, Phys. Rev. A 9, 2505
  119. Toburen, L. H., 1975, reported in Manson et al., 1975 Rudd et al., 1976
  120. Toburen, L. H., S. T. Manson, and Y.-K. Kim, 1978, Phys. Rev. A 17, 148
  121. Toburen, L. H., and W. E. Wilson, 1972, Phys. Rev. A 5, 247
  122. Toburen, L. H., and W. E. Wilson, 1975, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 46, 851
  123. Toburen, L. H., W. E. Wilson, and L. E. Porter, 1977, J. Chem. Phys. 67, 4214
  124. Utterback, N. G., 1963, Phys. Rev. 129, 219
  125. Utterback, N. G., and T. Griffith, Jr., 1966, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 37, 866
  126. Utterback, N. G., and G. H. Miller, 1961, Phys. Rev. 124, 1477
  127. Wannier, G. H., 1953, Phys. Rev. 90, 817
  128. Wexler, S., 1964, J. Chem. Phys. 41, 1714 ibid.44, 2221(E) (1966)
  129. Williams, J. F., 1966, Phys. Rev. 150, 7
  130. Williams, J. F., and D. N. F. Dunbar, 1966, Phys. Rev. 149, 62
  131. Winter, T. G., and C. D. Lin, 1984a, Phys. Rev. A 29, 3071
  132. Winter, T. G., and C. D. Lin, 1984b, Phys. Rev. A 30, 3323
  133. Younger, S., 1985, in Electron Impact Ionization, edited by T. D. Märk and G. H. Dunn (Springer, Vienna), pp. 1-23

Outline

Information

Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 965– Published 1 October, 1985

    © 1985 American Physical Society

    Sign In to Your Journals Account

    Filter

    Filter

    Article Lookup

    Enter a citation