- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Reviews of Modern Physics

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Extended x-ray absorption fine structure—its strengths and limitations as a structural tool

P. A. Lee, P. H. Citrin, P. Eisenberger, and B. M. Kincaid

P. A. Lee, P. H. Citrin, P. Eisenberger, and B. M. Kincaid

  • Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974

PDF

Rev. Mod. Phys. 53, 769 – Published 1 October, 1981

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.53.769

Abstract

The authors review the development of extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) within the last decade. Advances in experimental techniques have been largely stimulated by the availability of synchrotron radiation. The theory of EXAFS has also matured to the point where quantitative comparison with experiments can be made. The authors review in some detail the analysis of EXAFS data, starting from the treatment of raw data to the extraction of distances and amplitude information, and they also discuss selected examples of applications of EXAFS chosen to illustrate both the strength and limitations of EXAFS as a structural tool.

View figure in article

References (187)

  1. Apai, G., J. F. Hamilton, J. Stöhr, and A. Thompson, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 165
  2. Ashley, C. A., and S. Doniach, 1975, Phys. Rev. B 11, 1279
  3. Azaroff, L. V., 1963, Rev. Mod. Phys. 35, 1012
  4. Batson, P. E., and A. J. Craven, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 893
  5. Beni, G., P. A. Lee, and P. M. Platzman, 1976, Phys. Rev. B 13, 5170
  6. Beni, G. and P. M. Platzman, 1976, Phys. Rev. B 14, 9514
  7. Berreman, D., 1979, Phys. Rev. B 19, 560
  8. Bevington, P. R., 1969, Data Reduction and Error Analysis For the Physical Sciences (McGraw-Hill, New York)
  9. Bianconi, A., and R. Z. Bachrach, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 104
  10. Böhmer, W. and P. Rabe, 1979, J. Phys. C 12, 2465
  11. Bomben, K. D., M. K. Bahl, J. K. Gimzewski, S. A. Chambers, and T. D. Thomas1980, , Phys. Rev. A 20, 2405
  12. Boyce, J. B., and T. M. Hayes, 1979, in Physics of Superionic Conductors, Topics in Current Physics, edited by M. B. Salamon (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), Vol. 15, p. 5
  13. Boyce, J. B., T. M. Hayes, W. Stutius, and J. C. Mikkelson, Jr., 1977 Phys. Rev. Lett. 38, 1362
  14. Brillouin, L., 1962, Science and Information Theory, 2nd ed. (Academic, New York)
  15. Brown, F. C., 1974, Solid State Physics, edited by H. Ehrenreich, F. Seitz, and D. Turnbull (Academic, New York), Vol. 19, p. 1
  16. Brown, G. S., L. R. Testardi, J. H. Wernick, A. B. Hallak, and T. H. Geballe, 1977, Solid State Commun. 23, 875
  17. Bunker, B., and E. A. Stern, 1977, Biophys. J. 19, 253
  18. Caswell, N., S. A. Solin, T. M. Hayes, and S. J. Hunter, 1979, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 24, 375
  19. Cava, R. J., R. Reidinger, and W. J. Wuensch, 1977, Solid State Commun. 24, 411
  20. Cava R. J., F. Reidinger, and W. J. Wuensch, 1979, Fast Ion Transport in Solid, edited by P. Vashista , (North-Holland, Amsterdam)
  21. Cerino, J., J. Stöhr, N. Hower, and R. Z. Bachrach, 1980, Nucl. Instrum. & Methods 172, 227
  22. Citrin, P. H., P. Eisenberger, and B. M. Kincaid, 1976, Phys. Rev. Lett. 36, 1346
  23. Citrin, P. H., P. Eisenberger, and R. C. Hewitt, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 309
  24. Citrin, P. H., P. Eisenberger, and R. C. Hewitt, 1979, Surf. Sci. 89, 28
  25. Citrin, P. H., P. Eisenberger, and R. C. Hewitt, 1980, Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 1948
  26. Citrin, P. H., J. E. Rowe, P. Eisenberger, and R. C. Hewitt, 1981, to be published
  27. Cohen, P. I., T. L. Einstein, W. T. Elam, Y. Fukuda, and R. L. Park, 1978, Appl. Surf. Sci. 1, 538
  28. Cooley, W., and J. Tukey, 1965, Mat. Comput. 19, 297
  29. Cramer, S. P., W. O. Gillum, K. O. Hodgson, L. E. Mortenson, E. I. Steifel, J. R. Chisnell, W. J. Brill, and V. K. Shah, 1978, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 3814
  30. Cramer, S. P., H. B. Gray, Z. Dori, and A. Binu, 1979, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 2770
  31. Cramer, S. P., H. B. Gray, and K. V. Rajagophalen, 1979, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 2772
  32. Cramer, S. P., and K. O. Hodgson, 1979, in Progress in Inorganic Chemistry, edited by S. J. Lippard (Wiley, New York), Vol. 25, p. 1
  33. Cramer, S. P., K. O. Hodgson, W. O. Gillum, L. E. Mortenson, 1978, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 3398
  34. Cramer, S. P., K. O. Hodgson, E. I. Steifel, and W. E. Newton 1978, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100
  35. Crozier, E. D., F. W. Lytle, D. E. Sayers, and E. A. Stern, 1977, Can. J. Chem. 55, 1968
  36. Crozier, E. D., and A. J. Seary, 1980, Can. J. Phys. 58, 1388
  37. Dash, J. G., 1978, Phys. Rep. 38C, 178
  38. deBoor, C., 1968, J. Approx. Th. 1, 219
  39. deBoor, C., 1972, J. Approx. Th. 6, 50
  40. Dehmer, J., and D. Dill, 1976, J. Chem. Phys. 65, 5327
  41. denBoer, M. T., T. L. Einstein, W. T. Elam, R. L. Park, L. D. Roelofs, and G. E. Laramore, 1980, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 496
  42. Deslattes, R. D., 1980, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. 172, 201
  43. Eisenberger, P., and G. S. Brown, 1979, Solid State Commun. 29, 481
  44. Eisenberger, P. M., and B. M. Kincaid, 1975, Chem. Phys. Lett. 36, 134
  45. Eisenberger, P. M., and B. M. Kincaid, 1978, Science 200, 1441
  46. Eisenberger, P., and B. Lengeler, 1980, Phys. Rev. B 22, 3551
  47. Eisenberger, P. M., R. G. Shulman, G. S. Brown, and S. Ogawa, 1976, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 491
  48. Eisenberger, P. M., R. G. Shulman, B. M. Kincaid, G. S. Brown, and S. Ogawa, 1978, Nature, 274, 30
  49. Elam, W. T., P. I. Cohen, L. Roelofs, and R. L. Park, 1979, Appl. Surf. Sci. 2, 636
  50. Fontaine, A., P. Lagarde, A. Naudon, D. Raoux, and D. Spanjaard, 1979, Philos. Mag. B 40, 17
  51. Fontaine, A., P. Lagarde, D. Raoux, and J. M. Esteva, 1979, J. Phys. F 9, 2143
  52. Fontaine, A., P. Lagarde, D. Raoux, M. P. Fontana, G. Maisano, P. Migliardo, and F. Wanderlingh, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 504
  53. Fontaine, A., P. Lagarde, D. Raoux, A. Sadoc, and P. Migliardo, 1980, J. Chem. Phys
  54. Forstmann, F. W. Berndt, and P. Büttner, 1973, Phys. Rev. Lett. 30, 17
  55. Fox, P. A., A. D. Hall, and N. L. Schryer, 1976, "The PORT Library Mathematical Subroutine Library," Bell Laboratories Computing Science Technical Report No. 47
  56. Gallezot, P., R. Weber, R. A. Dalla Betta, and M. Boudart, 1979, Z. Naturforschung 34a, 40
  57. Golovchenko, J., R. A. Levesque, and P. L. Cowan, 1981 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 52, 509
  58. Greegor, R. B., and F. W. Lytle, 1980a, J. Catal. 63, 476
  59. Greegor, R. B., and F. W. Lytle, 1980b, Boeing Co. preprint
  60. Grubbs, R. H., 1976, Strem. Chem. 4, 3
  61. Gudat, W., and C. Kunz, 1972, Phys. Rev. Lett. 29, 169
  62. Haensel, R., and C. Kunz, 1967, Ann. Rev. Phys. 23, 276
  63. Hartree, D. R., R. de L. Kronig, and H. Petersen, 1934, Physica 1, 895
  64. Hastings, J., 1977, J. Appl. Phys. 48, 1576
  65. Hastings, J. B., P. Eisenberger, B. Lengeler, M. L. Perlman, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 1807
  66. Hayes, T. M., J. W. Allen, J. Tauc, B. G. Giessen, and J. J. Hauser, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 1282
  67. Hayes, T. M., J. B. Boyce, and J. L. Beeby, 1978, J. Phys. C 11, 2931
  68. Hayes, T. M., P. N. Sen, and S. H. Hunter, 1976, J. Phys. C 9, 4357
  69. Heald, S. M., and E. A. Stern, 1977, Phys. Rev. B 16, 5549
  70. Heald, S. M., and E. A. Stern, 1978, Phys. Rev. B 17, 4069
  71. Hedin, L. and S. Lundqvist, 1969 in Solid State Physics, edited by F. Seitz, D. Turnbull, and H. Ehrenreich (Academic, New York), Vol. 23, p. 1
  72. Hedin, L., and B. I. Lundqvist, 1971, J. Phys. C 4, 2064
  73. Hoard, J. L., 1971, Science 174, 1295
  74. Horowitz, P., and J. A. Howell, 1976, Science 191, 1172
  75. Huang, H. W., S. H. Hunter, W. K. Warburton, and S. C. Moss, 1979, Science 204, 191
  76. Jaklevic, J., T. A. Kirby, M. P. Klein, A. S. Robertson, G. S. Brown, and P. Eisenberger, 1977, Solid State Commun. 23, 679
  77. James, R. W., 1965, The Optical Principles of the Diffraction of X-Ray (Cornell University Press, Ithaca)
  78. Johansson, L. I. J., and J. Stohr, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 1882
  79. Jona, F., 1977, Surf. Sci. 68, 204
  80. Jona, F., D. Sandericker, and P. M. Marcus, 1980, J. Phys. C 13, L155
  81. Jona, F., and P. M. Marcus 1980, J. Phys. C 13, L477
  82. Joy, D. C., and D. M. Maher, 1979, Science, 206, 162
  83. Kevan, S. D., D. H. Rosenblatt, D. Denley, B.-C. Lu, and D. A. Shirley, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 1565
  84. Kincaid, B. M., 1980, unpublished
  85. Kincaid, B. M., 1977, J. Appl. Phys. 48, 2684
  86. Kincaid, B. M., and P. Eisenberger, 1975, Phys. Rev. Lett. 34, 1361
  87. Kincaid, B. M., A. E. Meixner, and P. M. Platzman, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 36, 326
  88. Kono, S., C. S. Fadley, N. F. T. Hall, and Z. Hussain, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 117
  89. Kossel, W., 1920, Z. Phys. 1, 119
  90. Kostarev, A. I., 1941, Zh. Eksp. Theor. Fiz. 11, 60
  91. Kostarev, A. I., 1950, Zh. Eksp. Theor. Fiz. 20, 811
  92. Knapp, G. S., H. Chen, and T. E. Kleppert, 1978, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 49, 1658
  93. Kozlenkov, A. T., 1961, Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Phys. Ser. 25, 968
  94. Kronig, R. deL., 1931, Z. Phys. 70, 317
  95. Kronig, R. deL., 1932, Z. Phys. 75, 468 ibid.76, 468
  96. Lagarde, P., 1976, Phys. Rev. B 13, 741
  97. Lanczos, C., 1956, Applied Analysis (Prentice-Hall, Engle-wood Cliffs)
  98. Landman, U., and P. L. Adams, 1976, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 2550
  99. Laramore, G. E., 1978, Phys. Rev. B 18, 5254
  100. Laramore, G. E., T. L. Einstein, L. D. Roelofs, and R. L. Park, 1980, Phys. Rev. B 21, 2108
  101. Launois, H., M. Rawiso, E. Holland-Moritz, R. Pott, and D. Wholleben, 1980, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 1271
  102. Lawson and Hanson, 1974, Solving Least Squares Problems (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, and EISPACK Library Subroutine MINFIT, Argonne National Laboratory, Applied Mathematics Division)
  103. Lea, K. R., 1978, Phys. Rep. 43, 338
  104. Lee, P. A., 1976, Phys. Rev. B 13, 5261
  105. Lee, P. A., and G. Beni, 1977, Phys. Rev. B 15, 2862
  106. Lee, P. A., and J. B. Pendry, 1975, Phys. Rev. B 11, 2795
  107. Lee, P. A., B. K. Teo, and A. L. Simons, 1977, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99, 3856
  108. Lengeler, B., and P. Eisenberger, 1980, Phys. Rev. B 21, 4507
  109. Li, C. H., and S. Y. Tong, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 526
  110. Liebsch, A., 1974, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 1203
  111. Liebsch, A., 1976, Phys. Rev. B 13, 544
  112. Lukirski, A. P., and I. E. Brytov, 1964 Fiz. Tverd. Tela (Leningrad) 6, 43 [Sov. Phys.—Solid State 6, 33 (1964)]
  113. Lytle, F. W., 1966, in Advances in X-ray Analysis, edited by G. R. Malett, M. Fay, and W. M. Mueller (Plenum, New York), Vol. 9, p. 398
  114. Lytle, F. W., D. E. Sayers, and E. A. Stern, 1977, Phys. Rev. B 15, 2426
  115. Lytle, F. W., G. H. Via, and I. H. Sinfelt, 1977, J. Chem. Phys. 67, 3831
  116. Lytle, F. W., H. Via, and J. H. Sinfelt, 1980, in Synchrotron Radiation Research, edited by H. Winick and S. Doniach (Plenum, New York)
  117. Lytle, F. W., P. S. P. Wei, R. B. Gregor, G. H. Via, and J. H. Sinfelt, 1979, J. Chem. Phys. 70, 4849
  118. Marcus, M., L. Powers, A. R. Storm, B. Chance, and B. M. Kincaid, 1980, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 51, 1023
  119. Martens, G., P. Rabe, N. Schwentner, and A. Werner, 1977, Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 1411
  120. Martens, G., P. Rabe, N. Schwentner, and A. Werner, 1978a, Phys. Rev. B 17, 1481
  121. Martens, G., P. Rabe, N. S. Schwenter, and A. Werner, 1978b, J. Phys. C 11, 3125
  122. Martin, R. L., and E. R. Davidson, 1977, Phys. Rev. A 16, 1341
  123. Martin, R. M., J. B. Boyce, J. N. Allen, and F. Holtzberg, 1980, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 1275
  124. Martinson, C. W. B., S. A. Flodstöm, J. Rundgren, and P. Westvin, 1979, Surf. Sci. 89, 102
  125. Massey, H. S. W., 1969, Electronic and Ionic Impact Phenomena (Oxford University Press, Oxford), p. 692
  126. Meldner, H. W., and J. D. Perez, 1971, Phys. Rev. A 4, 1388
  127. Morawitz, H., W. D. Gill, P. Grant, G. B. Street, and D. Sayers, 1979 in Quasi One-Dimensional Conductors II, edited by S. Baris̆ić, A. Bjelis̆, J. R. Cooper, and B. Leontić (Lecture Notes in Physics, Vol. 96) (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), p. 390
  128. Mott, N. F., and H. S. W. Massey, 1965, Theory of Atomic Collision, 3rd ed. (Clarendon, Oxford)
  129. Muller, J. E., O. Jepsen, O. K. Anderson, and J. W. Wilkins, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 720
  130. Natoli, C. R., D. K. Misemer, S. Doniach, and F. W. Kutzler, 1980, Phys. Rev. A 22, 1104
  131. Noguera, C., D. Spanjaard, and J. Friedel, 1979, J. Phys. F 9, 1189
  132. Parratt, L. G., 1939, Phys. Rev. 56, 295
  133. Perutz, M. F., 1970, Nature 228, 726
  134. Perutz, M. F., 1979, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 48, 327
  135. Pettifer, R. F., 1979, 4th EPS Gen. Conf. 522
  136. Pettifer, R. F., and P. W. McMillan, 1977, Philos. Mag. 35, 871
  137. Rabe, P., G. Tolkiehn, and A. Werner, 1979a, J. Phys. C 12, 899
  138. Rabe, P., G. Tolkiehn, and A. Werner, 1979b, J. Phys. C 12, L545
  139. Rabe, P.G. TolkiehnA. WernerRabiner, L. R., and C. M. Rader, editors 1972, Digital Signal Processing (IEEE, New York)
  140. Reed, J., P. Eisenberger, B. K. Teo, and B. M. Kincaid, 1977, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99, 5217
  141. Reed, J., P. Eisenberger, B. K. Teo, and B. M. Kincaid, 1978, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 2375
  142. Rehr, J. J., E. A. Stern, R. L. Maratin, and E. R. Davidson, 1978, Phys. Rev. B 17, 560
  143. Ritsko, J. J., S. E. Schnatterly, and P. C. Gibbons, 1974, Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 671
  144. Sadoc, J. F. and J. Dixmier, 1977, in The Structure of Non-Crystalline Materials, edited by P. H. Gaskell (Taylor and Francis, London), p. 85
  145. Sandstrom, R., H. W. Dodgen, and F. W. Lytle, 1977, J. Chem. Phys. 67, 473
  146. Sanstrom, D. R., and F. W. Lytle, 1979, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem. 30, 215
  147. Sayers, D. E., E. A. Stern, and F. W. Lytle, 1971, Phys. Rev. Lett. 27, 1204
  148. Sayers, D. E., E. A. Stern, and F. W. Lytle, 1975, Phys. Rev. Lett. 35, 584
  149. Sayers, D. E., E. A. Stern, and J. R. Herriot, 1976, J. Chem. Phys. 64, 427
  150. Schaich, W., 1973, Phys. Rev. B 8, 4078
  151. Schlüter, M., J. E. Rowe, G. Magaritondo, K. M. Ho, and M. L. Cohen, 1976, Phys. Rev. Lett. 37, 7632
  152. Schmit, V. V., 1961 Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 25, 988 ibid.27, 392
  153. Sevillano, E., H. Meuth, J. J. Rehr, 1979, Phys. Rev. B 20, 4908
  154. Shiraiwa, T., T. Ishimura, and M. Sawada, 1958, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 138, 848
  155. Shulman, R. G., P. Eisenberger, W. E. Blumberg, and N. A. Stombaugh, 1975, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 4003
  156. Shulman, R. G., P. Eisenberger, and B. M. Kincaid, 1978, Ann. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. 17, 559
  157. Shulman, R. G., P. Eisenberger, B. K. Teo, B. M. Kincaid, and G. S. Brown, 1978, J. Mol. Biol. 124, 305
  158. Shulman, R. G., Y. Yafet, P. Eisenberger, and W. E. Blumberg, 1976, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 1384
  159. Sinclair, R. N., D. A. G. Johnson, J. C. Dore, J. H. Clarke, and A. C. Wright, 1974, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. 117, 445
  160. Sinfelt, J. H., 1977, Science 195, 641
  161. Sinfelt, J. H., 1979, Rev. Mod. Phys. 51, 569
  162. Sinfelt, J. H., G. H. Via, and F. W. Lytle, 1980, J. Chem. Phys. 72, 4832
  163. Stephens, P. W., P. Heiney, R. J. Birgeneau, and P. M. Horn, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 47
  164. Stern, E. A., 1974, Phys. Rev. B 10, 3027
  165. Stern, E. A., D. E. Sayers, and F. W. Lytle, 1975, Phys. Rev. B 11, 4836
  166. Stern, E. A., 1978, Contemp. Phys. 19, 289
  167. Stern, E. A., and S. M. Heald, 1979, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50, 1579
  168. Stern, E. A., S. M. Heald, and B. Bunker, 1979, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1372
  169. Stern, E. A., B. A. Bunker, and S. M. Heald, 1980, Phys. Rev. B 21, 5521
  170. Stöhr, J., D. Denley, and P. Perfetti, 1978, Phys. Rev. B 18, 4132
  171. Stöhr, J., L. Johansson, I. Lindau and P. Pianetta, 1979, Phys. Rev. B 20, 664
  172. Teo, B. K., 1980, Acc. Chem. Res. 13, 412
  173. Teo, B. K., 1981 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103, 3990
  174. Teo, B. K., and B. A. Averill, 1979, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 88, 1454
  175. Teo, B. K., P. Eisenberger, and B. M. Kincaid, 1978, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 1735
  176. Teo, B. K., and P. A. Lee, 1979, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 2815
  177. Teo, B. K., P. A. Lee, A. L. Simons, P. Eisenberger, and B. M. Kincaid, 1977, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99, 3854
  178. Teo, B. K., R. G. Shulman, G. S. Brown, and A. E. Meixner, 1979, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 5624
  179. Tullius, T., P. Frank, and K. O. Hodgson, 1978, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75, 4069
  180. Via, G. H., J. H. Sinfelt, and F. W. Lytle, 1979, J. Chem. Phys. 71, 690
  181. Watenpaugh, K. D., L. C. Sieker, J. R. Herriott, and J. H. Jensen, 1973, Acta Crystallogr. B 29, 943
  182. Williams, G. P., F. Cerrina, I. T. McGovern, and G. J. Lapeyre, 1979, Solid State Commun. 31, 15
  183. Winick, H., 1980, in Synchrotron Radiation Research, edited by H. Winick and S. Doniach (Plenum, New York)
  184. Wolff, T. E., J. M. Berg, C. Warrick, K. O. Hodgson, and R. H. Holm, 1978, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 4630
  185. Woodruff, D. P., D. Norman, B. W. Holland, N. V. Smith, H. H. Farrell, and M. M. Traum, 1978, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 1130
  186. Wright, A. C., and A. J. Leadbetter, 1976, Phys. Chem. Glass Glass, 17, 122
  187. Yu, H. L., M. C. Muñoz, and F. Soria, 1980, Surf. Sci. 94, L184

Outline

Information

Rev. Mod. Phys. 53, 769– Published 1 October, 1981

    © 1981 American Physical Society

    Sign In to Your Journals Account

    Filter

    Filter

    Article Lookup

    Enter a citation