- Access by Xinjiang University
The Copper-Cuprous-Oxide Rectifier and Photoelectric Cell
Rev. Mod. Phys. 5, 141 – Published 1 April, 1933
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.5.141
References (141)
- F. Braun, On Conductance in Metallic Sulphides, Ann. d. Physik, Pogg. 153, 556 (1874)
- A. Schuster, On Unilateral Conductivity, Phil. Mag. and J. Science [4] 48, 251 (1874)
- F. Braun, On Deviations from Ohm's Law, Ann. d. Physik, Wied. 1, 95 (1877)
- F. Braun, On Uni-Directional Conduction, Ann. d. Physik, Wied. 4, 476 (1878)
- F. Pawlowski, Current Rectifier, U. S. Pat. No. 830,924 (1906)
- W. P. Thompson, An Improved Detector, Br. Pat. No. 21,408 (1908)
- E. Garretson, Rectifier, U. S. Pat. No. 929,582 (1909)
- A. E. Flowers, Crystal Rectification, Phys. Rev. 3, 25 (1914)
- A. and E. Ball, Rectification at Contacts, Zeits. f. Physik 35, 207 (1925)
- E. Friman and R. Holm, Contact Resistances, Zeits. f. tech. Physik 7, 198 (1926)
- L. O. Grondahl, New Contact Rectifier, Phys. Rev. 27, 813 (1926)
- L. O. Grondahl, Rectifier Theories, Science 64, 306 (1926)
- F. M. Gentry, Equation of Electronic Conduction in Uni-Polar Non-Metallic Films, Science 66, 284 (1927)
- L. O. Grondahl and P. H. Geiger, Electronic Rectifier, Trans. A. I. E. E. 46, 357 (1927)
- L. O. Grondahl and P. H. Geiger, Electronic Rectifier, Ry. Sig. 20, 213 (1927)
- L. O. Grondahl, Uni-Directional Current Carrying Device, U. S. Pat. No. 1,640,335 (1927)
- H. Pelabon, Imperfect Contacts, L'Onde Elec. 6, 401 (1927)
- A. Schleede and H. Buggisch, Direction of Rectifying Action of a Crystal Detector, Phys. Zeits. 28, 174 (1927)
- Anon., Theory of Metal Rectifiers, Wireless World 23, 824 (1928)
- L. Dubar, Conductors that Do Not Obey Ohm's Law, Rev. Gen. de l'Elec. 24, 153 (1928)
- A. Guntherschulze and N. A. de Bruyne, Electric Rectifiers and Valves (1928)
- R. Holm, Contact Resistance, Zeits. f. tech. Physik 9, 454 (1928)
- O. Irion, Dry Rectifiers, Siemens Zeits. 8, 293 (1928)
- W. I. G. Page, Megavox Eliminator, Wireless World 23, 787 (1928)
- F. Regler, Theory of Contact Detectors, Phys. Zeits. 29, 429 (1928)
- G. G. Reissaus, Crystal Detectors, Phys. Zeits. 29, 223 (1928)
- J. Slepian, Thin Film Rectifiers, Trans. Am. Electro-Chem. Soc. 54, 201 (1928)
- G. Todesco and B. Rossi, Imperfect Metallic Contacts, Accad. Lincei, Atti 7, 568 (1928)
- Anon., Contact Effects between Electrodes and Dielectrics, Inst. Elec. Eng. 67, 271 (1929)
- Anon., Dry Metal Rectifiers, Wireless World 25, 57 (1929)
- R. Audubert and M. Quintin, Mechanism of the Valve Effect at Poor Contacts, Comptes Rendus 188, 52 (1929)
- E. H. W. Banner, Rectifier Instruments, Elec. Rev. 104, 823 (1929)
- M. Le Blanc, Copper-Oxide Rectifier, Bul. de la Soc. Fr. des Elec. 9, 1061 (1929)
- M. Demontvignier, Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, L'Onde Elec. 8, 192 (1929)
- W. Feitknecht, Oxidation of Copper at High Temperatures, Zeits. f. Elektrochemie 35, 142 (1929)
- Ferranti, Ltd., Small Instruments, Instr. World 1, 277 (1929)
- L. O. Grondahl, Uni-Directional Current Carrying Device, U. S. Pat. No. 1,704,679 (1929)
- Hanovia Chemical and Mfg. Co., Process of Manufacture of Copper-Cuprous-Oxide Rectifier, Fr. Pat. No. 669,588 (1929)
- H. Kost, Rectifier Theories, Zeits. f. Physik 54, 367 (1929)
- R. J. Kryter, Copper-Oxide Rectifier Voltmeter, Radio Broadcast 15, 287 (1929)
- H. Pelabon, Electronic Theory of Poor Contacts, Comptes Rendus 188, 620 (1929)
- W. Schottky and W. Deutschmann, The Mechanism of Rectification in Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Phys. Zeits. 30, 839 (1929)
- I. R. Smith and D. Santini, Application of the Rectox Rectifier to Industrial Control, Elec. J. 26, 416 (1929)
- A. Soulier, A-C Rectifiers, Bul. de la Soc. Fr. des Elec. 9, 381 (1929)
- J. Frenkel, Electrical Resistance of Contacts between Solid Conductors, Phys. Rev. 36, 1604 (1930)
- W. N. Goodwin, Jr., Rectifier-Type Instruments, Instruments 3, 706 (1930)
- L. Hartshorn, Frequency Errors of Copper-Oxide Rectifier Instruments, Proc. Phys. Soc. (Eng.) 42, 521 (1930)
- O. Irion, Copper-Oxide Rectifier, Elektrotech. Zeits. 51, 993 (1930)
- W. Ogawa, C. Nemoto, and S. Kaneko, Investigation of the Copper-Oxide Rectifier, J. Soc. Chem. Ind., Japan 33, 125B (1930)
- H. Pelabon, Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Comptes Rendus 190, 630 (1930)
- H. Pelabon, A New Cupric-Oxide Rectifier, Comptes Rendus 191, 402 (1930)
- H. Pelabon, The Mechanism of Rectification in Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, L'Onde Elec. 9, 229 (1930)
- H. Pelabon, New Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, L'Onde Elec. 9, 497 (1930)
- G. Sacerdote, Experiments on Copper-Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Elettrotecnica 17, 106 (1930)
- J. Vrede, Detectors, Phys. Zeits. 31, 323 (1930)
- Anon., Metal Rectifier Applications, The Engineer 152, 241 (1931)
- R. S. Bartlett, Fermi-Dirac Statistics Applied to the Problem of Space Charge in Thermionic Emission, Phys. Rev. 37, 959 (1931)
- L. Dubar, Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Comptes Rendus 192, 341 (1931)
- L. Dubar, Influerce of Thermal Treatment on the Characteristics of Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Comptes Rendus 192, 484 (1931)
- W. Ehrenberg and H. Hönl, Theory of Electric Contacts, Zeits. f. Physik 68, 289 (1931)
- W. van Geel, Action of the Rectifier, Zeits. f. Physik 69, 765 (1931)
- G. Hara, Contact Conduction and Rectification, Ryojun Coll. Eng. Mem. 3, 223 (1931)
- R. Jacquelet, The Rectification in a Copper-Cuprous-Oxide Element, Rev. Gen. de l'Elec. 30, 365 (1931)
- W. Leo, Mechanism of Copper-Oxide Rectification, Ann. d. Physik 10, 347 (1931)
- W. Ostwald and H. Erbring, Rectification and Catalysis in Copper-Copper-Oxide Systems, Kolloid Zeits. 57, 7 (1931)
- M. Robert, Applications of Metallic-Oxide Rectifiers to the Measurement of Peak Potentials, Comptes Rendus 192, 1539 (1931)
- J. Sahagen, Use of Copper-Oxide Rectifier for Instrument Purposes, Proc. I. R. E. 19, 233 (1931)
- W. Schottky, R. Störmer, and F. Waibel, Rectifying Action at the Boundary between Cuprous Oxide and Applied Metal Electrodes, Zeits. f. Hochfreq. 37, 162, 175 (1931)
- G. Siemens and W. Demberg, Detectors, Zeits. f. Physik 67, 375 (1931)
- K. Singh, Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Elec. Rev. 109, 247 (1931)
- C. Wagner, Theory of Rectification, Phys. Zeits. 32, 641 (1931)
- W. Wolman and H. Kaden, The Application of Dry Rectifiers in Audio-Frequency Measurements, Zeits. f. Tech. Physik 12, 470 (1931)
- G. P. Barnard, Rectification Properties of Photo-Sensitive Crystalline Aggregates, Electrochem. Soc. Preprint 61-15 (1932)
- M. Collet, Copper-Oxide Rectifier Elements Used to Prevent Acoustic Shocks, Ann. des Postes, Tel. et Tel. 21, 329 (1932)
- J. Frenkel and A. Joffe, Electric and Photoelectirc Properties of Contacts, Phys. Rev. 39, 530 (1932) Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 60 (1932)
- V. Jouze and D. Nasledow, Effect of Temperature on Cuprous-Oxide Rectifiers and Photoelectric Cells, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 5 (1932)
- W. Lepeschinskaja, Cuprous-Oxide Detectors in Measurement, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 6 (1932)
- W. B. Pietenpol and G. W. Presnell, Current-Voltage and Thermal Characteristics of the Copper-Oxide Rectifier, Proc. Am. Phys. Soc. 30, 862 (1932)
- W. Roschdestwensky, Temperature Compensation in Low-Voltage A-C Cuprous-Oxide Rectifier Instruments, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 7 (1932)
- A. Sysojew, Rectifying Properties of Some Oxides, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 8 (1932)
- M. Torres, Microcrystallographic Investigation of the "Kuprox" Rectifier, Zeits. f. Physik 74, 770 (1932)
- F. Waibel and W. Schottky, The Nature of the Stop Layer in Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Naturwiss. 20, 297 (1932)
- L. O. Grondahl, Process of Manufacturing Uni-Directional Current Carrying Devices, U. S. Pat. No. 1,863,843 (1932)
- L. O. Grondahl and W. P. Place, Copper-Cuprous-Oxide Rectifier Used as a Detector, J. I. R. E. 20, 10, 1599, October, 1932
- L. O. Grondahl and P. H. Geiger, Light Responsive Devices, U. S. Patent Application
- P. H. Geiger, Light Responsive Generator of Electric Current, Br. Pat. No. 277,610; U. S. Application, Sept. 14, 1926
- W. Graffunder, Photoelectric Effect in Dry Rectifiers, Phys. Zeits. 31, 375 (1930)
- B. Lange, New Kind of Photoelectric Cell (I and II), Phys. Zeits. 31, 139 and 964 (1930)
- W. Schottky, Origin of Photoelectrons in Copper-Oxide Photoelectric Cells, Phys. Zeits. 31, 913 (1930)
- E. Duhme and W. Schottky, Rectifying and Photoelectric Effects at Contacts between Cuprous Oxide and Sputtered Electrodes, Naturwiss. 18, 735 (1930)
- O. von Auwers and H. Kerschbaum, Stop-Layer Photoelectric Cells, Ann. d. Physik 7, 129 (1930)
- H. von Hartel, A Photoelectric Cell with a Semiconducting Dielectric, Funk Bastler 38, 619 (1930)
- R. Audubert and J. Roulleau, Photo-Conductivity and Photo-Voltaic Effects, Comptes Rendus 193, 291 (1931)
- P. Auger and C. Lapicque, Variations in Sensitiveness of Cuprous-Oxide Cells, Comptes Rendus 193, 319 (1931)
- O. von Auwers and H. Kerschbaum, The Photoelectric Effect in Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Ann. d. Physik 10, 262 (1931)
- V. Brazzoduro, Photoelectricity and Rectification in Kuprox, Atti Ac. Sc. Torino 66, 157 (1931)
- H. Dember, Photoelectric E.M.F. in Cuprous-Oxide Crystals, Phys. Zeits. 32, 554 (1931)
- H. Dember, A Crystal Photoelectric Cell, Phys. Zeits. 32, 856 (1931)
- L. Dubar, Copper-Cuprous-Oxide Photoelectric Cell, Comptes Rendus 193, 659 (1931)
- E. Duhme, Stop-Layer Photoelectric Effects, Zeits. f. Elektrochemie 37, 682 (1931)
- F. von Körösy and P. Selenyi, Physical Model of a Stop-Layer Photoelectric Cell, Phys. Zeits. 32, 847 (1931)
- B. Lange, Spectral Sensitivity of Stop-Layer Photoelectric Cells, Naturwiss. 25, 525 (1931)
- B. Lange; Effect of Temperature on Stop-Layer Photoelectric Effect, Phys. Zeits. 32, 850 (1931)
- E. Perucca and R. Deaglio, The Photoelectric Effect in Copper-Oxide Rectifiers, Ann. d. Physik 10, 257 (1931)
- E. Perucca and R. Deaglio, Is the Stop-Layer Photoelectric Effect a Hallwachseffekl? Zeits. f. Physik 72, 102 (1931)
- W. Schottky, Conduction and Photoelectric Effects in Stop Layers, Phys. Zeits. 32, 833 (1931)
- H. Teichmann, Effects of Temperature on Stop-Layer Photoelectric Effects, Phys. Zeits. 32, 216 (1931)
- H. Teichmann, Change of Photoelectric Effect with Temperature, Zeits. f. Physik 67, 192 (1931)
- E. D. Wilson, Optimum Outpuis of Photo-Sensitive Devices, Rev. Sci. Inst. 2, 797 (1931)
- C. H. Bartlett, Comparative Characteristics of the Copper Oxide and Photronic Cells, Rev. Sci. Inst. 3, 543 (1932)
- L. Bergmann, Influence of Polarized Light on Blocking-Layer Photoelectric Cells, Phys. Zeits. 33, 17 (1932)
- L. Dubar, Constitution of the Oxide of Rectifiers and Photoelectric Cells with Cuprous-Oxide Base, Comptes Rendus 194, 1332 (1932)
- L. O. Grondahl, Note on the Discovery of the Photoelectric Effect in a Copper-Oxide Rectifier, Phys. Rev. 40, 635 (1932)
- I. W. Kurtschatow and C. D. Sinelnikow, Investigation of Blocking-Layer Photoelectric Cells, I and II, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 23, 42 (1932)
- W. Lepeschinskaja, Experimental Investigation of the Photoelectric E.M.F. of Cuprous-Oxide Photoelectric Elements, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 7 (1932)
- R. H. Müller and A. Spector, Becquerel Effect as a Special C se of the Barrier-Layer Photoelectric Cell, Phys. Rev. 41, 371 (1932)
- Foster C. Nix, Pholo-Conductivity, Rev. Mod. Phys. 4, 723 (1932)
- E. Rupp, Change in Resistance Due to Magnetic Fields in Stop-Layer and Crystal Photoelectric Cells, Zeits. f. Physik 76, 597 (1932)
- K. Scharf and O. Weinbaum, Study of the Structure of Copper-Oxide Redifiers, Phys. Zeits. 33, 336 (1932)
- W. Schottky, Some New Effects at the Contacts between Materials of Different Conductivities, Forschungen und Fortschritte 8, 22, 281 August (1932)
- C. Sinelnikow and A. Walther, Experimental Methods with Stop-Layer Photoelectric Cells, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 6 (1932)
- F. Waibel, The Becquerel Effect as a Stop-Layer Photo Effect, Zeits. f. Physik 76, 281 (1932)
- F. Waibel and W. Schottky, New Data on the Stop-Layer Photoelectric Effect, Phys. Zeits. 33, 15, 583 (1932)
- E. D. Wilson, Photocells from Rectifier Disks, Electronics 5, 4, 312 (1932)
- K. Bädeker, Electrical Conductivity and Thermo-Electromotive Force of Some Metallic Compounds, Ann. d. Physik 22, 749 (1907)
- A. H. Pfund, The Light Sensitiveness of Copper Oxide, Phys. Rev. 3, 289 (1916)
- R. Hiecke, Electric Conductance in Solid Insulators, Elektrot. und Mschbau. 44, 537 (1926)
- O. von Auwers, Magnetic Resistance Changes and Hall Effect in Cuprous Oxide, Wiss. Veroff. a.d. Siemens-Konzern 9, 294 (1930)
- B. Gudden, Electric Conductivity in Semi-Conductors, Erlanger Berichte 62, 289 (1930)
- W. Vogt, Electrical Measurements on Cuprous Oxide, Ann. d. Physik 7, 183 (1930)
- O. von Auwers, Some Characteristics of Cuprous Oxide, Naturwiss. 6, 133 (1931)
- M. Le Blanc and H. Sachse, Electron Conductivity of the Oxides of Copper, Ann. d. Physik 11, 727 (1931)
- M. Le Blanc and H. Sachse, Electron Conductivity of Solid Oxides, Phys. Zeits. 32, 887 (1931)
- E. Engelhard and B. Gudden, Validity of Ohm's Law for Cuprous Oxide, Zeits. f. Physik 70, 701 (1931)
- B. Gudden, Conduction and Photoelectrons in Insulators and Semi-Conductors, Phys. Zeits. 32, 825 (1931)
- B. Gudden and G. Mönch, Some Characteristics of Cuprous Oxide, Naturwiss. 17, 361 (1931)
- M. C. Neuburger, Precision Measurement of Lattice Constants of Cuprous Oxide, Zeits. f. Physik 67, 845 (1931)
- M. Randall, R. F. Nielsen and G. H. West, Free Energy of Some Copper Compounds, Ind. and Eng. Chem. 23, 388 (1931)
- H. Dünwald and C. Wagner, The Nature of the Electrical Conductivity of Cuprous Oxide, Zeits. f. physik. Chemie 17, 467 (1932)
- B. Ostroumow, Some Unanswered Questions Concerning Cuprous Oxide, Phys. Zeits. d. Sow. 1, 7 (1932)
- A. H. Wilson, Theory of Electronic Semi-Conductors, II, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A134, 277 (1932)