Metal-Nonmetal Transition in Dense Mercury Vapor

F. HENSEL; E. U. FRANCK

doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.40.697

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Metal-Nonmetal Transition in Dense Mercury Vapor

F. HENSEL and E. U. FRANCK

Institut für physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, Universität Karlsruhe, Germany

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Rev. Mod. Phys. 40, 697 – Published 1 October, 1968

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.40.697

Abstract

This article presents the results of conductivity and density measurements of liquid, gaseous, and supercritical mercury up to 1700°C and 2100 bar. Beyond the critical temperature of 1490°C the conductivity varies continuously from $10^{- 4}$ to $10^{2}$ $Ω^{- 1}$ ${cm}^{- 1}$ if the density is increased from 2 to 6 g/ ${cm}^{3}$ . This variation is an example of nonmetal-metal transition and is discussed accordingly. The activation energy of conductivity in the supercritical fluid decreases markedly with increasing density and approaches very small values around 5 g/ ${cm}^{3}$ . Conductivity data for dense gaseous mercurycesium mixtures are given.

References (31)

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[c1] N. F. Mott, Phil. Mag. 6, 287 (1961)

[c2] W. Kohn, Phys. Rev. 133, 171 (1964)

[c3] J. Hubbard, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A276, 238 (1963)

[c4] J. Hubbard, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A277, 237 (1964) ibid.281, 401 (1964)

[c5] H. Fritzsche, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 6, 69 (1958)

[c6] H. Fritzsche and M. Curevas, Phys. Rev. 119, 1238 (1960)

[c7] H. FritzscheM. CurevasSolutions Métal-Ammoniac Propriétés Physicochimiques, G. Lepoutre and M. J. Sienko, Eds. (W. A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 1964)

[c8] D. S. Kyser and J. C. Thompson, J. Chem. Phys. 42, 3910 (1965)

[c9] J. Bender, Physik Z. 16, 246 (1915)

[c10] J. Bender, Physik. Z. 19, 410 (1918)

[c11] D. R. Postill, R. G. Ross, and N. E. Cusack, Advan. Phys. 16, 493 (1967)

[c12] D. R. Postill, R. G. Ross, and N. E. Cusack, Phil. Mag. (to be published)

[c13] E. U. Franck and F. Hensel, Phys. Rev. 147, 109 (1966)

[c14] F. Hensel and E. U. Franck, Ber. Bunsenges, Phys. Chem. 70, 1154 (1966)

[c15] A. V. Grosse, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 22, 23 (1961)

[c16] A. V. Grosse, Rev. Hautes Temp. Refractaires 3, 115 (1966)

[c17] I. G. Dillon, P. A. Nelson, and B. S. Swanson, Rev. Sci. Instr. 37, 614 (1966)

[c18] I. G. Dillon, P. A. Nelson, and B. S. Swanson, J. Chem. Phys. 44, 4229 (1966)

[c19] F. Birch, Phys. Rev. 41, 641 (1932)

[c20] I. K. Kikoin, A. P. Sechenkov, E. V. Gel'Man, M. M. Korsunski, and S. P. Naurzakov, Zh. Eksperim. i Teor., Fiz. 49, 124 (1965) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 22, 89 (1966)]

[c21] I. K. Kikoin and A. P. Sechenkov, Order of Lenin Institute of Atomic Energy, Moskow (1967)

[c22] R. Schmutzler, thesis, Karlsruhe (1967), Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. (to be published)

[c23] H. Renkert, thesis, Karlsruhe (1968)

[c24] L. Cailletet, E. Collardeau, and C. A. Riviere, Compt. Rend. 130, 1585 (1900)

[c25] T. B. Douglas, A. F. Ball, and J. Ginnings, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std. 46, 334 (1951)

[c26] C. F. Bonilla, D. L. Sawkney, and M. M. Makansi, Trans. Am. Soc. Metals 55, No. 3, 877 (1962)

[c27] J. P. Stone, C. T. Ewing, J. R. Spann, E. W. Steinkuller, D. D. Williams, and R. R. Miller, J. Chem. Eng. Data 11, 315 (1966)

[c28] N. F. Mott, Phil. Mag. 13, 989 (1966)

[c29] N. F. Mott, Advan. Phys. 16, 49 (1967)

[c30] J. A. Krumhansl, Physics of Solids at High Pressures, C. Tomizuka, Ed. (John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1966)

[c31] C. C. Bradley, T. E. Faber, E. G. Wilson, and J. M. Ziman, Phil. Mag. 7, 865 (1962)

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Metal-Nonmetal Transition in Dense Mercury Vapor

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