- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Reviews of Modern Physics

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Electron Impact Ionization Cross-Section Data for Atoms, Atomic Ions, and Diatomic Molecules: I. Experimental Data

L. J. KIEFFER* and GORDON H. DUNN*,†

L. J. KIEFFER* and GORDON H. DUNN*,†

  • Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Boulder, Colorado

  • *Staff members, Laboratory Astrophysics Division, National Bureau of Standards.
  • †Of the National Bureau of Standards and the University of Colorado.
PDF

Rev. Mod. Phys. 38, 1 – Published 1 January, 1966

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.38.1

Abstract

This review includes a compilation and critical evaluation of absolute cross sections for ionization of atoms and diatomic molecules by electron impact. Experimental techniques used for ionization are surveyed. Selected relative cross sections for production of multiply charged ions and a brief discussion of relative cross-section data near threshold are presented. Absolute limits are not set on the size of probable systematic errors in the various experiments.

View figure in article

References (119)

  1. A. Ll. Hughes and E. Klein, Phys. Rev. 23, 450 (1924) K. T. Compton and C. C. Van Voorhis, 26, 436 (1925) W. P. Jesse, 26, 208 (1925)
  2. T. J. Jones, Phys. Rev. 29, 822 (1927) Phys. Rev.29Sec. III
  3. P. T. Smith, Phys. Rev. 36, 1293 (1930)
  4. J. T. Tate and P. T. Smith, Phys. Rev. 39, 270 (1932)
  5. R. K. Asundi and M. V. Kurepa, J. Electron. Control 15, 41 (1963)
  6. R. K. Asundi, J. D. Craggs, and M. V. Kurepa, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 82, 967 (1963)
  7. (a) D. Rapp and P. Englander-Golden, J. Chem. Phys. 43, 1464 (1965) (b) D. Rapp, P. Englander-Golden, and D. D. Briglia, 42, 4081 (1965) (c) P. Englander-Golden and D. Rapp, Total Cross Sections for Ionization of Atoms and Molecules by Electron Impact, No. LMSC-6-74-64-12 (Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Palo Alto, California, 1964)
  8. B. L. Schram, F. J. de Heer, M. J. van der Wiel, and J. Kistemaker, Physica 31, 94 (1964)
  9. H. S. W. Massey and E. H. S. Burhop, Electronic and Ionic Impact Phenomena (Oxford University Press, London, 1952), p. 34
  10. R. K. Asundi, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 82, 372 (1963)
  11. J. D. Craggs, R. Thorburn, and B. A. Tozer, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A240, 473 (1957)
  12. S. Dushman, Scientific Foundations of Vacuum Technique (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1962), 2nd ed., pp. 14, 58
  13. J. P. Hobson, J. Edmonds, and R. Verreault, Can. J. Phys. 41, 983 (1963) G. A. Miller, J. Phys. Chem. 67, 1359 (1963)
  14. H. Ishii and K. Nakayama, Proc. 8th Natl. Vac. Symp. 519 (1961)
  15. Ch. Meinke and G. Reich, Vacuum 13, 579 (1963) A. E. de Vries and P. K. Rol, (to be published) E. W. Rothe, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1, 66 (1964)
  16. W. Gaede, Ann. Physik 46, 354 (1915)
  17. G. J. Schulz, Phys. Rev. 128, 178 (1962)
  18. W. Bleakney, Phys. Rev. 34, 157 (1929)
  19. J. T. Tate and P. T. Smith, Phys. Rev. 46, 773 (1934)
  20. J. T. TateP. T. SmithMass Spectrometry, edited by C. A. McDowell (McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 1963)
  21. M. G. Inghram and R. J. Hayden, A Handbook on Mass Spectroscopy, Publication 311 (National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1954)
  22. H. Funk, Ann. Physik 4, 149 (1930)
  23. R. L. F. Boyd and G. W. Green, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 71, 351 (1958)
  24. W. L. Fite and R. T. Brackmann, Phys. Rev. 112, 1141 (1958)
  25. K. T. Dolder, M. F. A. Harrison, and P. C. Thonemann, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A264, 367 (1961)
  26. J. R. Peterson, in Atomic Collision Processes, edited by M. R. C. McDowell (North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964), pp. 465-473 [Proceedings of the Third International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (London), 22-26 July 1963]
  27. W. C. Lineberger, J. W. Hooper, and E. W. McDaniel, Phys. Rev. 141, 151 (1966) J. W. Hooper, W. C. Lineberger, and F. M. Bacon, 141, 165 (1966)
  28. W. L. Fite and R. T. Brackmann, Phys. Rev. 113, 815 (1959)
  29. E. W. Rothe, L. L. Marino, R. H. Neynaber, and S. M. Trujillo, Phys. Rev. 125, 582 (1962)
  30. A. C. H. Smith, E. Caplinger, R. H. Neynaber, E. W. Rothe, and S. M. Trujillo, Phys. Rev. 127, 1647 (1962)
  31. A. Boksenberg, thesis, University of London (1961)
  32. G. O. Brink, Phys. Rev. 134, A345 (1964)
  33. R. H. McFarland and J. D. Kinney, Phys. Rev. 137, A1058 (1965) privately communicated by Dr. McFarland
  34. S. Datz and E. H. Taylor, J. Chem. Phys. 25, 389 (1956)
  35. N. N. Petrov, Fiz. Tver. Tela 2, 940, 949 (1960) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—Solid State 2, 857, 865 (1960)] C. Brunnee, Z. Physik 147, 161 (1957)
  36. W. Schroen, Z. Physik 176, 237 (1963)
  37. R. K. Asundi and M. V. Kurepa, J. Sci. Instr. 40, 183 (1963)
  38. W. B. Nottingham. Phys. Rev. 55, 203 (1939)
  39. R. E. Fox, W. M. Hickam, D. Grove, and T. Kjeldaas, Rev. Sci. Instr. 26, 1101 (1955) Phys. Rev. 84, 859 (1951)
  40. D. A. Hutchinson, in Advances in Mass Spectrometry, edited by R. M. Elliott (Pergamon Press, Inc., New York, 1962), Vol. II, p. 527
  41. E. M. Clarke, Can. J. Phys. 32, 764 (1954)
  42. J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 40, 2488 (1964)
  43. J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 22, 1219 (1954)
  44. Y. Kaneko and I. Kanomata, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 18, 1822 (1963)
  45. F. Fiquet-Fayard and M. Lahmani, J. Chim. Phys. 59, 1050 (1962)
  46. P. Marmet and J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 36, 1238 (1962)
  47. P. Marmet, Can. J. Phys. 42, 2102 (1964)
  48. G. H. Dunn, Phys. Rev. Letters 8, 62 (1962)
  49. G. H. Dunn and L. J. Kieffer, Phys. Rev. 132, 2109 (1963)
  50. W. Bleakney, Phys. Rev. 35, 1180 (1930)
  51. C. J. Cook and J. R. Peterson, Phys. Rev. Letters 9, 164 (1962)
  52. F. H. Dorman and J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 35, 575 (1961)
  53. R. M. St. John and C. C. Lin, J. Chem. Phys. 41, 195 (1964)
  54. D. T. Stewart, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) A69, 437 (1956)
  55. W. F. Sheridan, O. Oldenberg, and N. P. Carleton, in Second International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (W. A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 1961), p. 159 [Conference held at the University of Colorado Boulder, 12-15 June 1961]
  56. S. Hayakawa and N. Nishimur, J. Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity (Japan) 16, 72 (1964)
  57. S. HayakawaN. NishimurJILA Report No. 4, JILA Report No. 34
  58. E. R. Cohen, K. M. Crowe and J. W. Dumond, The Fundamental Constants of Physics (Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, 1957)
  59. W. Bleakney, Phys. Rev. 35, 139 (1930)
  60. P. T. Smith, Phys. Rev. 37, 808 (1931)
  61. J. W. Liska, Phys. Rev. 46, 169 (1934)
  62. H. Harrison, The Experimental Determination of Ionization Cross Sections of Gases under Electron Impact, thesis (The Catholic University of America Press, Inc., Washington, D.C., 1956)
  63. K. T. Dolder, M. F. A. Harrison, and P. C. Thonemann, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A274, 546 (1963)
  64. M. F. A. Harrison, K. T. Dolder, and P. C. Thonemann, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 82, 368 (1963)
  65. B. A. Tozer and J. D. Craggs, J. Electron. Control 8, 103 (1960)
  66. W. L. Fite, and R. T. Brackmann, in Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Ionization Phenomena in Gases edited by P. Hubert and E. Cremieu-Alcan (S.E.R.M.A., Paris, 1965), Vol. I, p. 21
  67. R. F. Stebbings, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A241, 270 (1957)
  68. W. Bleakney and L. G. Smith, Phys. Rev. 49, 402 (1936)
  69. H. E. Stanton and J. E. Monahan, Phys. Rev. 119, 711 (1960)
  70. W. Bleakney, Phys. Rev. 36, 1303 (1930)
  71. W. Bleakneythe Institute of Petroleum ASTM Mass Spectrometry Symposium, Paris, September 14-18, 1964 privately communicated by Dr. B. L. Schram
  72. H. A. Bethe, Ann. Physik 5, 325 (1930)
  73. Z. Z. Latypov, S. E. Kupriyanov, and N. N. Tunitskiĭ, Zh. Eksperim. i. Teor. Fiz. 46, 833 (1964) [English transl.: Soviet Phys.—JETP 19, 570 (1964)]
  74. G. H. Wannier, Phys. Rev. 90, 817 (1953)
  75. S. Geltman, Phys. Rev. 102, 171 (1956)
  76. M. R. H. Rudge and M. J. Seaton, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 83, 680 (1964)
  77. W. M. Hickam, R. E. Fox, and I. Kjeldaas, Jr., Phys. Rev. 96, 63 (1954)
  78. J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 21, 1767 (1953)
  79. D. A. Hutchinson, in Atomic Collision Processes, edited by M. R. C. McDowell (North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964), p. 443
  80. J. W. McGowan and M. A. Fineman, Phys. Rev. Letters 15, 179 (1965) Abstracts of Papers presented at IV International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (Science Bookcrafters, Inc., Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, 1965)
  81. R. E. Fox, Advances in Mass Spectrometry (Pergamon Press, Inc., London, 1959), pp. 397-412
  82. M. Krauss, R. M. Reese, and V. H. Dibeler, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std. (U.S.) A 63A, 201 (1959)
  83. V. H. Dibeler and R. M. Reese, J. Chem. Phys. 31, 282 (1959)
  84. Y. Kaneko, Proc. Phys. Soc. Japan 16, 2288 (1961)
  85. F. H. Dorman, J. D. Morrison, and A. J. C. Nicholson, J. Chem. Phys. 31, 1335 (1959)
  86. F. H. Dorman and J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 34, 1407 (1961)
  87. J. D. Morrison and A. J. C. Nicholson, J. Chem. Phys. 31, 1320 (1959)
  88. R. W. Kiser, J. Chem. Phys. 36, 2964 (1962)
  89. R. E. Fox, J. Chem. Phys. 33, 200 (1960)
  90. N. C. Blais and J. B. Mann, J. Chem. Phys. 33, 100 (1960)
  91. F. H. Dorman, J. D. Morrison, and A. J. C. Nicholson, J. Chem. Phys. 32, 378 (1960)
  92. R. E. Fox, W. M. Hickam, and T. Kjeldaas, Jr., Phys. Rev. 89, 555 (1953)
  93. D. C. Frost and C. A. McDowell, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A232, 227 (1955)
  94. D. C. Frost and C. A. McDowell, Advances in Mass Spectrometry (Pergamon Press, Inc., London, 1959), pp. 413-430
  95. G. G. Cloutier and H. I. Schiff, J. Chem. Phys. 31, 793, (1959)
  96. R. E. Fox, J. Chem. Phys. 32, 385 (1960)
  97. P. Marmet and L. Kerwin, Can. J. Phys. 38, 787 (1960)
  98. R. E. Fox, J. Chem. Phys. 35, 1379 (1961)
  99. Y. Kaneko, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 16, 1587 (1961)
  100. S. N. Foner and B. H. Nall, Phys. Rev. 122, 512 (1961)
  101. P. Marmet and J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 35, 746 (1961)
  102. J. F. Burns, in Atomic Collision Processes, edited by M. R. C. McDowell (North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964), p. 451
  103. J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 40, 2488 (1964)
  104. R. E. Fox and W. M. Hickam, J. Chem. Phys. 22, 2059 (1954)
  105. J. D. Morrison, J. Chem. Phys. 22, 1219 (1954)
  106. D. C. Frost and C. A. McDowell, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 6183 (1958)
  107. D. C. Frost and C. A. McDowell, Can. J. Chem. 38, 407 (1960)
  108. C. E. Melton and W. H. Hamill, J. Chem. Phys. 41, 546 (1964)
  109. C. E. Brion, J. Chem. Phys. 40, 2995 (1964)
  110. P. Marmet and L. Kerwin, Can. J. Phys. 38, 972 (1960)
  111. D. D. Briglia and D. Rapp, Phys. Rev. Letters 14, 245 (1965)
  112. V. H. Dibeler, R. M. Reese, and M. Krauss, J. Chem. Phys. 42, 2045 (1965)
  113. G. R. Cook and P. H. Metzger, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 54, 968 (1964)
  114. H. E. White, Phys. Rev. 38, 2016 (1931)
  115. W. M. Hickam, Phys. Rev. 95, 703 (1954)
  116. J. W. McGowan, E. M. Clarke, H. P. Hanson, and R. F. Stebbings, Phys. Rev. Letters 13, 620 (1964)
  117. G. O. Brink, Phys. Rev. 127, 1204 (1962)
  118. P. Feldman and R. Novick, Phys. Rev. Letters 11, 278 (1963)
  119. F. Fiquet-Fayard and J. Ziesel, in Proceedings of the VI International Conference on the Phenomena of Ionization in Gases, edited by P. Hubert and E. Cremieu-Alsan (S.E.R.M.A., Paris, 1963), Vol. I., p. 37

Outline

Information

Rev. Mod. Phys. 38, 1– Published 1 January, 1966

    © 1966 American Physical Society

    Sign In to Your Journals Account

    Filter

    Filter

    Article Lookup

    Enter a citation