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Towards a Pseudocapacitive Battery: Benchmarking the Capabilities of Quantized Capacitance for Energy Storage

Yee Wei Foong1,*, Javad Shirani1, Shuaishuai Yuan1, Christopher A. Howard2, and Kirk H. Bevan1,3,†

  • 1Division of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
  • 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  • 3Centre for the Physics of Materials, Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada

  • *yeewei.foong@mail.mcgill.ca
  • †kirk.bevan@mcgill.ca
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PRX Energy 1, 013007 – Published 23 June, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXEnergy.1.013007

Abstract

Despite being capable of very fast charging, the pseudocapacitive properties of electrochemical capacitors still require significant research to attain energy densities comparable to that of batteries. Herein we discuss and theoretically benchmark the physics of quantized capacitance as a Faradaic charge storage mechanism, providing near “ideal” pseudocapacitive properties in the context of batterylike energy storage. Through careful electrolyte and reactant engineering, our physical analysis suggests that this less explored “pseudocapacitive battery” mechanism could provide power densities of approximately 104 W/L combined with volumetric energy densities in the range of 100 Wh/L (or potentially greater). These benchmarks are arrived at though a comprehensive analysis of two-dimensional (2D) graphitic nanoparticles considering the impact of solvation, electron-electron interactions, and electron transfer processes. In general, our findings indicate that 2D nanomaterials exhibiting quantized capacitance provide a promising and underexplored physical axis within electrochemical capacitors towards realizing very fast charging at energy densities comparable to that of batteries.

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synopsis

Nanoquantization Fills Gap in Battery Technology

Published 23 June, 2022

By considering the quantized storage of electrons on nanoparticles, researchers have shown theoretically that it is possible to combine the advantages of two complementary energy-storage methods.

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Popular Summary

It has long been a goal in the field of energy storage to combine supercapacitors and batteries. At the nexus of these two technologies, one would arrive at a device that is capable of both high power density and high energy density. In the field of supercapacitors, the approach towards increased energy density has been based on incorporating pseudocapacitive faradaic components that store additional charge via redox reactions. In this work, we show how the mechanism of quantized capacitance can theoretically provide a charge storage approach which is pseudocapacitive in terms of its current-voltage characteristics yet theoretically can provide volumetric energy densities comparable to batteries, unlike conventional pseudocapacitive mechanisms. The net result would be a “pseudocapacitive battery” that could exhibit the long-sought dual properties of high power and energy densities.

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PRX Energy 1, 013007– Published 23 June, 2022
  • Received 14 January 2022
  • Revised 22 April 2022
  • Accepted 11 May 2022
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