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  • Perspective
  • Open Access

Emerging Research Landscape of Altermagnetism

Libor Šmejkal1,2, Jairo Sinova1,2, and Tomas Jungwirth2,3

  • 1Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
  • 2Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Praha 6 Czech Republic
  • 3School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom

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Phys. Rev. X 12, 040501 – Published 8 December, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.12.040501

Abstract

Magnetism is one of the largest, most fundamental, and technologically most relevant fields of condensed-matter physics. Traditionally, two basic magnetic phases have been distinguished ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism. The spin polarization in the electronic band structure reflecting the magnetization in ferromagnetic crystals underpins the broad range of time-reversal symmetry-breaking responses in this extensively explored and exploited type of magnets. By comparison, antiferromagnets have vanishing net magnetization. Recently, there have been observations of materials in which strong time-reversal symmetry-breaking responses and spin-polarization phenomena, typical of ferromagnets, are accompanied by antiparallel magnetic crystal order with vanishing net magnetization, typical of antiferromagnets. A classification and description based on spin-symmetry principles offers a resolution of this apparent contradiction by establishing a third distinct magnetic phase, dubbed altermagnetism. Our perspective starts with an overview of the still emerging unique phenomenology of this unconventional d-wave (or higher even-parity wave) magnetic phase, and of the wide array of altermagnetic material candidates. We illustrate how altermagnetism can enrich our understanding of overarching condensed-matter physics concepts and how it can have impact on prominent condensed-matter research areas.

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Phys. Rev. X 12, 040501– Published 8 December, 2022
  • Received 15 March 2022
  • Revised 15 August 2022
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