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EDITORIALS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS

Editorial: Announcing the PRPER Statistical Modeling Review Committee (SMRC)

Charles Henderson

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020001 (2022) - Published 22 November, 2022

HIGHLIGHTED ARTICLES

Rubric-based holistic review: A promising route to equitable graduate admissions in physics

Nicholas T. Young, K. Tollefson, Remco G. T. Zegers, and Marcos D. Caballero

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020140 (2022) - Published 30 November, 2022

Rubric-based admissions processes increase equity in graduate admissions.

How mixed reality shifts visual attention and success in experimental problem solving

Dörte Sonntag and Oliver Bodensiek

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 023101 (2022) - Published 21 July, 2022

A mixed reality learning environment for experimental problem solving results in large improvements in problem-solving success for both novices and experts.

Students’ perspectives on computational challenges in physics class

Patti C. Hamerski, Daryl McPadden, Marcos D. Caballero, and Paul W. Irving

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020109 (2022) - Published 2 August, 2022

A computation-integrated curriculum for high school physics can make science learning more authentic for students who are familiar with computation, and can generate frustration and an aversion towards physics for students who are not.

Gender differences in students’ self-efficacy in introductory physics courses in which women outnumber men predict their grade

Sonja Cwik and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020142 (2022) - Published 5 December, 2022

It is important for physics instructors to focus on increasing women’s self-efficacy and other motivational beliefs in the introductory course; these can influence students’ persistence and engagement in the course and can also impact later course and career choices.

ARTICLES

Phenomenographic analysis of students’ conceptual understanding of electric and magnetic interactions

Eder Hernandez, Esmeralda Campos, Pablo Barniol, and Genaro Zavala

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020101 (2022) - Published 7 July, 2022

Different visual representations can influence student responses to questions about electric and magnetic phenomena.

Assessment of knowledge integration in student learning of simple electric circuits

Zengze Liu, Sudong Pan, Xiangqun Zhang, and Lei Bao

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020102 (2022) - Published 11 July, 2022

A concept test for simple electric circuits is effective in identifying features of knowledge integration, including context dependence and fragmentation of knowledge components, memorization-based problem solving, difficulty in transfer to novel contexts, and lack of meaningful connections between microscopic and macroscopic models of electric current.

Percent grade scale amplifies racial or ethnic inequities in introductory physics

Cassandra A. Paul and David J. Webb

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020103 (2022) - Published 13 July, 2022

Switching from percent scale grading scale to a 4.0 grade scale reduces equity gaps by 20-25% without making any other course changes.

Context interactions and physics faculty’s professional development: Case study

Shams El-Adawy, Tra Huynh, Mary Bridget Kustusch, and Eleanor C. Sayre

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020104 (2022) - Published 20 July, 2022

It is important to use asset-based models of physics faculty that support the different ways they navigate professional growth in their local context.

Undergraduate student experiences in remote lab courses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Victoria Borish, Alexandra Werth, Nidhal Sulaiman, Michael F. J. Fox, Jessica R. Hoehn, and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020105 (2022) - Published 21 July, 2022

Undergraduate physics students who experienced remote labs during COVID-19 were most likely to report positive outcomes when they had access to guidance from their instructors.

Development and illustration of a framework for computational thinking practices in introductory physics

Daniel P. Weller, Theodore E. Bott, Marcos D. Caballero, and Paul W. Irving

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020106 (2022) - Published 25 July, 2022

A framework of 14 computational thinking practices relevant for a high school physics course.

Gaze patterns enhance response prediction: More than correct or incorrect

Sebastian Becker, Stefan Küchemann, Pascal Klein, Andreas Lichtenberger, and Jochen Kuhn

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020107 (2022) - Published 26 July, 2022

Collecting eye-tracking data while students solve a problem allows one to identify the visual strategies and may be useful for predicting the correctness of their responses.

Does confidence in a wrong answer imply a misconception?

Michael M. Hull, Alexandra Jansky, and Martin Hopf

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020108 (2022) - Published 2 August, 2022

A student idea should not be classified as a misconception, even if the student expresses confidence in the idea.

Students’ perspectives on computational challenges in physics class

Patti C. Hamerski, Daryl McPadden, Marcos D. Caballero, and Paul W. Irving

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020109 (2022) - Published 2 August, 2022

A computation-integrated curriculum for high school physics can make science learning more authentic for students who are familiar with computation, and can generate frustration and an aversion towards physics for students who are not.

Student representations of a community of practice

W. Brian Lane and Cortney Headley

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020110 (2022) - Published 16 August, 2022

The communities of practice framework is more useful when it is supplemented with information about how participants perceive the community, for example, the extent to which participants share the community’s goals.

Longitudinal analysis of women and men’s motivational beliefs in a two-semester introductory physics course sequence for students on the bioscience track

Sonja Cwik and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020111 (2022) - Published 22 August, 2022

Even in physics courses in which women are not underrepresented, women have lower physics beliefs, including physics identity, than men.

Effect of group type on group performance in peer-collaborated two-round physics problem solving

Jiwon Lee and Nilüfer Didiş Körhasan

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020112 (2022) - Published 26 August, 2022

When there is a variety of individual answers prior to group discussion in a two-part exam, group performance improves.

Network analysis approach to Likert-style surveys

Robert P. Dalka, Diana Sachmpazidi, Charles Henderson, and Justyna P. Zwolak

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020113 (2022) - Published 2 September, 2022

Network analysis provides a new way to investigate phenomena assessed by Likert-style surveys.

Using the Conceptual Survey of Electricity and Magnetism to investigate progression in student understanding from introductory to advanced levels

Alexandru Maries, Mary Jane Brundage, and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020114 (2022) - Published 6 September, 2022

Many upper-level electricity and magnetism students struggle with introductory concepts even after traditional instruction in their upper-level course.

Validation of a coupled, multiple response assessment for upper-division thermal physics

Katherine D. Rainey, Michael Vignal, and Bethany R. Wilcox

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020116 (2022) - Published 12 September, 2022

The upper-level evaluation for thermodynamics and statistical physics is valid and reliable for use with a diverse population of upper-division physics students.

Visualizing and predicting the path to an undergraduate physics degree at two different institutions

John Stewart, John Hansen, and Eric Burkholder

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020117 (2022) - Published 15 September, 2022

Student attrition from a physics degree occurs differently at different types of institutions; each physics department needs to explore their own data to understand the points where there is an opportunity to improve retention.

Other spaces for young women’s identity work in physics: Resources accessed through university-adjacent informal physics learning contexts in Sweden

Allison J. Gonsalves, Anders Johansson, Anne-Sofie Nyström, and Anna T. Danielsson

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020118 (2022) - Published 19 September, 2022

Opportunities that emphasize relationship building are effective at encouraging young women to engage in physics.

Conceptual challenges with the graphical representation of the propagation of a pulse in a string

Muhammad Aswin Rangkuti and Ricardo Karam

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020119 (2022) - Published 21 September, 2022

Static representations of intrinsically dynamic phenomena, such as a propagating pulse on a string, are frequently challenging for students to grasp.

Comparison of two semiotic perspectives: How do students use representations in physics?

Kim Svensson and Esmeralda Campos

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020120 (2022) - Published 26 September, 2022

The combined use of two semiotic perspectives provides better information about student physics learning than either perspective alone.

Extracting information from the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram: An eye-tracking study

Ronja Langendorf, Susanne Schneider, and Pascal Klein

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020121 (2022) - Published 27 September, 2022

Students that were most successful at solving problems using the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram became familiar with the diagram and its plotted quantities before attempting the problem solving task.

Self-efficacy and conceptual knowledge in quantum mechanics during teaching reforms and the COVID-19 pandemic

Elina Palmgren, Kimmo Tuominen, and Inkeri Kontro

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020122 (2022) - Published 4 October, 2022

The student-centered pedagogy, prime-time learning, results in high conceptual learning and high self-efficacy, even during remote instruction.

Female physics students gain from facilitating informal physics programs

Jessi Randolph, Jonathan Perry, Jonan Phillip Donaldson, Callie Rethman, and Tatiana Erukhimova

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020123 (2022) - Published 10 October, 2022

Female students who facilitated informal physics programs experience a statistically significant shift in their confidence of choosing to major in physics.

Equitable approach to introductory calculus-based physics courses focused on problem solving

Eric Burkholder, Shima Salehi, Sarah Sackeyfio, Nicel Mohamed-Hinds, and Carl Wieman

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020124 (2022) - Published 10 October, 2022

An introductory physics course that emphasizes deliberate practice applied to learning real-world problem-solving leads to more equitable student outcomes.

Analyzing identity trajectories within the physics community

Gina M. Quan, Chandra Turpen, and Andrew Elby

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020125 (2022) - Published 12 October, 2022

A longitudinal analysis of shifts in personal and perceived normative identities suggests implications for making physics more inclusive.

Learning enhancing emotions predict student retention: Multilevel emotions of Finnish university physics students in and outside learning situations

Laura Timonen, Kalle Juuti, and Sari Harmoinen

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020126 (2022) - Published 14 October, 2022

Learning enhancing emotions lead to course success and student retention.

Gender differences in grades versus grade penalties: Are grade anomalies more detrimental for female physics majors?

Alysa Malespina and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020127 (2022) - Published 21 October, 2022

The average grade anomaly can be a useful metric to identify physics courses that have inequitable learning environments for particular types of students.

Assessing student engagement with teamwork in an online, large-enrollment course-based undergraduate research experience in physics

Alexandra Werth, Kristin Oliver, Colin G. West, and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020128 (2022) - Published 25 October, 2022

The assessment of teamwork in the context of a large-scale, introductory level course based research experience contributes to metacognition in labs and reveals the importance of socially shared regulation in effective group work.

Instructor perspectives on the emergency transition to remote instruction of physics labs

Alexandra Werth, Jessica R. Hoehn, Kristin Oliver, Michael F. J. Fox, and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020129 (2022) - Published 2 November, 2022

During COVID, most instructors who used virtual labs did not require students to work in groups.

Hybrid teaching: A tale of two populations

Gerd Kortemeyer, Wolfgang Bauer, and Wade Fisher

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020130 (2022) - Published 3 November, 2022

When students were free to choose either online or face-to-face lectures, there was no difference in exam performance; it is not clear what would have happened if they were forced into one mode or the other.

Development and validation of the ray optics in converging lenses concept inventory

Salome Wörner, Sebastian Becker, Stefan Küchemann, Katharina Scheiter, and Jochen Kuhn

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020131 (2022) - Published 9 November, 2022

The 15-item ray optics in converging lenses concept inventory is a valid and comprehensive instrument to assess middle school students’ understanding of image formation by a converging lens.

Comparing conceptual understanding across institutions with module analysis

Christopher Wheatley, James Wells, David E. Pritchard, and John Stewart

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020132 (2022) - Published 14 November, 2022

Misconceptions persist postinstruction for a substantial number of students even in courses with medium to large improvements in Force Concept Inventory scores.

Impactful experiences and their effect on learning assistant epistemological development

Ben Lutz and Laura Ríos

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020133 (2022) - Published 14 November, 2022

By applying principles from peripheral participation and cognitive apprenticeship, faculty can improve learning assistant pedagogy and help them develop a stronger identity as educators.

Student sensemaking about inconsistencies in a reform-based introductory physics lab

Jason M. May, Lauren A. Barth-Cohen, Jordan M. Gerton, Claudia De Grandi, and Adrian L. Adams

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020134 (2022) - Published 17 November, 2022

Laboratory instructors should increase support for students as they recognize, categorize, and then resolve inconsistencies during experimentation.

Student engagement with modeling in multiweek student-designed lab projects

Victoria Borish, Jessica R. Hoehn, and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020135 (2022) - Published 21 November, 2022

Appropriately designed projects can help students develop modeling skills without needing expensive lab equipment.

Participatory approach to introduce computational modeling at the undergraduate level, extending existing curricula and practices: Augmenting derivations

K. K. Mashood, Kamakshi Khosla, Arjun Prasad, Sasidevan V, Muhammed Ashefas CH, Charles Jose, and Sanjay Chandrasekharan

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020136 (2022) - Published 23 November, 2022

Physics instructors’ epistemic cognitions influence their sense-making in a professional development program aimed at helping them integrate integrate computational modelling into their introductory courses.

How gender composition and group formation impact the effectiveness of group work in two-stage collaborative exams

Kelly Miller, Greg Kestin, and Olivia Miller

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020137 (2022) - Published 28 November, 2022

Female students perform better on two-part collaborative exams when they are in student-formed groups.

Visual representation of optical content in China’s and Singapore’s junior secondary physics textbooks

Bing Wei, Chengran Wang, and Lihua Tan

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020138 (2022) - Published 28 November, 2022

The majority of graphics in the textbooks studied only depicted isolated phenomena without making connections to a larger system.

Cultivating cultural capitals in introductory algebra-based physics through reflective journaling

Khanh Tran, Ana Maria Barrera, Kim Coble, Mireya Arreguin, Marissa Harris, Alex Macha-Lopez, Michaela Perez, and Alegra Eroy-Reveles

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020139 (2022) - Published 29 November, 2022

Reflective journaling helps students feel heard and affirmed; it is one way for instructors to humanize their students and recognize the experiences they bring to physics.

Rubric-based holistic review: A promising route to equitable graduate admissions in physics

Nicholas T. Young, K. Tollefson, Remco G. T. Zegers, and Marcos D. Caballero

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020140 (2022) - Published 30 November, 2022

Rubric-based admissions processes increase equity in graduate admissions.

Understanding interaction network formation across instructional contexts in remote physics courses

Meagan Sundstrom, Andy Schang, Ashley B. Heim, and N. G. Holmes

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020141 (2022) - Published 2 December, 2022

Students who have the most connections in the lecture interaction social network have higher final course grades than their peers with fewer lecture connections.

Gender differences in students’ self-efficacy in introductory physics courses in which women outnumber men predict their grade

Sonja Cwik and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020142 (2022) - Published 5 December, 2022

It is important for physics instructors to focus on increasing women’s self-efficacy and other motivational beliefs in the introductory course; these can influence students’ persistence and engagement in the course and can also impact later course and career choices.

Making expert processes visible: How and why theorists use assumptions and analogies in their research

Mike Verostek, Molly Griston, Jesús Botello, and Benjamin Zwickl

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020143 (2022) - Published 7 December, 2022

Expert physicists make frequent use of analogies; it is important to figure out how to include analogical reasoning in problem-solving strategies.

Effectiveness of science outreach labs with and without connection to classroom learning: Affective and cognitive outcomes

Alexander Molz, Jochen Kuhn, and Andreas Müller

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020144 (2022) - Published 13 December, 2022

Science outreach labs can result in substantial and sustained learning and motivation.

Towards mapping the landscape of informal physics educational activities

Dena Izadi, Julia Willison, Noah Finkelstein, Claudia Fracchiolla, and Kathleen Hinko

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020145 (2022) - Published 13 December, 2022

Students play an important role in the operation of informal physics education programs; this makes these programs rich opportunities for attention by physics education researchers.

Investigating undergraduate students’ views about the process of experimental physics

Jessica R. Hoehn and H. J. Lewandowski

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020146 (2022) - Published 13 December, 2022

Engaging students in open-ended and authentic experimentation practices and facilitating explicit discussions and reflections about the process of experimental physics supports students’ epistemological development.

Inclusive learning environments can improve student learning and motivational beliefs

Yangqiuting Li and Chandralekha Singh

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020147 (2022) - Published 23 December, 2022

In an introductory calculus-based physics course, motivational beliefs of female students dropped more than male students.

Introductory physics students’ recognition of strong peers: Gender and racial or ethnic bias differ by course level and context

Meagan Sundstrom, Ashley B. Heim, Barum Park, and N. G. Holmes

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020148 (2022) - Published 23 December, 2022

Instruction that emphasizes small group work and allows many different students to speak up in front of the class supports more equitable development of physics identities.

Studying physics during the COVID-19 pandemic: Student perceptions on synchronous and asynchronous course formats and implications for the future

L. Ivanjek, P. Klein, M.-A. Geyer, S. Küchemann, K. Jeličić, M. N. Dahlkemper, and A. Susac

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020149 (2022) - Published 28 December, 2022

Regarding online physics courses, there are two groups of students: one group with the clear preference for synchronous courses and the other group for the asynchronous courses.

Relating students’ social belonging and course performance across multiple assessment types in a calculus-based introductory physics 1 course

Joshua D. Edwards, Lorraine Laguerre, Ramón S. Barthelemy, Claudia De Grandi, and Regina F. Frey

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 020150 (2022) - Published 29 December, 2022

Performance on both traditional and alternative final course assessments was found to correlate with students’ initial sense of belonging in the course.

SHORT PAPERS

How mixed reality shifts visual attention and success in experimental problem solving

Dörte Sonntag and Oliver Bodensiek

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 023101 (2022) - Published 21 July, 2022

A mixed reality learning environment for experimental problem solving results in large improvements in problem-solving success for both novices and experts.

Absence of a COVID-induced academic drop in high-school physics learning

Eric W. Burkholder and Carl E. Wieman

Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res. 18, 023102 (2022) - Published 27 July, 2022

Some anticipated negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic may not be as large as assumed based on instructors’ anecdotal reports; more careful data-based analysis is needed.

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