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Kinetomagnetism and altermagnetism

Sang-Wook Cheong1,2,*, Lei Han1, and Fei-Ting Huang1

  • 1Keck Center for Quantum Magnetism and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
  • 2Center for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan

  • *Contact author: sangc@physics.rutgers.edu
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Phys. Rev. Materials 10, 114404 – Published 4 November, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/jyns-5br2

Abstract

Kinetomagnetism refers to magnetization, or more generally to pseudovector responses with the same symmetry as magnetization, induced by the linear momentum k or by external stimuli that transform in the same way as k. It provides a symmetry-based origin for both longitudinal and transverse nonlinear responses of either even or odd order. The necessary and sufficient symmetry condition for kinetomagnetism is the breaking of parity-time symmetry (PT), which likewise permits spin splitting in electronic band structures. Consequently, all altermagnets, characterized by spin-split electronic bands with full spin compensation, can exhibit kinetomagnetism. Here we examine the connection between kinetomagnetism and altermagnetism within the generalized SAM classification framework. We show that S- and M-type altermagnets can host transverse even-order kinetomagnetism, whereas A-type altermagnets can host transverse odd-order kinetomagnetism. This kinetomagnetic perspective provides a unified framework for understanding altermagnets and related phenomena, including higher-order nonlinear Hall effects, piezomagnetism, and spin-splitting torques, while allowing their nonrelativistic spin-splitting contributions to be predicted from spin symmetries.

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This article appears in the following collection:

Altermagnetic and Related Materials

Editors of Physical Review Materials are pleased to present the Collection on Altermagnetic and Related Materials, highlighting cutting-edge advances in theoretical and experimental identification of novel altermagnetic materials, their properties, and their potential applications. The Collection is being guest-edited by Kirill Belashchenko of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (USA), Cheng Song of Tsinghua University (China), and Peter Wadley of The University of Nottingham (UK). Every article published in this collection underwent a rigorous peer review process, adhering to the same high standards applied to all papers. The Physical Review Materials editorial team managed the peer review and made all editorial decisions.

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Phys. Rev. Materials 10, 114404– Published 4 November, 2026
  • Received 1 June 2026
  • Accepted 8 October 2026
Article part of CHORUS
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