Volume 93, Issue 17

22 October 2004

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On the Cover

Illustration of an imaging process for atomic d-wave scattering; the scattered distribution is projected onto the yz plane by laser-light absorption. The quantum nature of slow-atom collisions has been demonstrated by imaging collisions of ultracold Rb atoms and showing the effect of interference between outgoing s and d partial waves.

From the article:

Imaging of $s$ and $d$ Partial-Wave Interference in Quantum Scattering of Identical Bosonic Atoms
Nicholas R. Thomas, Niels Kjærgaard, Paul S. Julienne, and Andrew C. Wilson
Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173201 (2004)

LETTERS

General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.

Local Molecular Dynamics with Coulombic Interactions

Jörg Rottler and A. C. Maggs

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170201 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithm Based on Two-Body Density Functional Theory for Fermionic Many-Body Systems: Application to ${}^{3}{H e}$

Balázs Hetényi, L. Brualla, and S. Fantoni

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170202 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Unified Derivation of Tunneling Times from Decoherence Functionals

Norifumi Yamada

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170401 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Spontaneous Macroscopic Spin Polarization in Independent Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates

Mark H. Wheeler, Kevin M. Mertes, Jessie D. Erwin, and David S. Hall

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170402 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Atom-Dimer Scattering for Confined Ultracold Fermion Gases

C. Mora, R. Egger, A. O. Gogolin, and A. Komnik

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170403 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Experimental Purification of Single Qubits

M. Ricci, F. De Martini, N. J. Cerf, R. Filip, J. Fiurášek, and C. Macchiavello

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170501 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Security of Quantum Key Distribution with Coherent States and Homodyne Detection

S. Iblisdir, G. Van Assche, and N. J. Cerf

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170502 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Distillation Protocols: Output Entanglement and Local Mutual Information

Michał Horodecki, Jonathan Oppenheim, Aditi Sen(De), and Ujjwal Sen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170503 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Quantum Cryptography Without Switching

Christian Weedbrook, Andrew M. Lance, Warwick P. Bowen, Thomas Symul, Timothy C. Ralph, and Ping Koy Lam

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170504 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Efficient Simulations of Gas-Grain Chemistry in Interstellar Clouds

Azi Lipshtat and Ofer Biham

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170601 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Eigenmodes and Thermodynamics of a Coulomb Chain in a Harmonic Potential

Giovanna Morigi and Shmuel Fishman

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170602 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Limit on the Present Temporal Variation of the Fine Structure Constant

E. Peik, B. Lipphardt, H. Schnatz, T. Schneider, Chr. Tamm, and S. G. Karshenboim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170801 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Direct Observation of Charge Inversion by Multivalent Ions as a Universal Electrostatic Phenomenon

K. Besteman, M. A. G. Zevenbergen, H. A. Heering, and S. G. Lemay

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170802 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Gravitation and Astrophysics

Antineutrino Spectroscopy with Large Water Čerenkov Detectors

John F. Beacom and Mark R. Vagins

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171101 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Rotating Black Holes in Higher Dimensions with a Cosmological Constant

G. W. Gibbons, H. Lü, Don N. Page, and C. N. Pope

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171102 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

${}^{60}F e$ Anomaly in a Deep-Sea Manganese Crust and Implications for a Nearby Supernova Source

K. Knie, G. Korschinek, T. Faestermann, E. A. Dorfi, G. Rugel, and A. Wallner

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171103 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Chameleon Fields: Awaiting Surprises for Tests of Gravity in Space

Justin Khoury and Amanda Weltman

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171104 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Elementary Particles and Fields

$J / Ψ$ Production in $p p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200 G e V$ at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Fred Cooper, Ming X. Liu, and Gouranga C. Nayak

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171801 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Nuclear Physics

New Half-Life Measurement of ${}^{182}{H f}$ : Improved Chronometer for the Early Solar System

C. Vockenhuber, F. Oberli, M. Bichler, I. Ahmad, G. Quitté, M. Meier, A. N. Halliday, D.-C. Lee, W. Kutschera, P. Steier, R. J. Gehrke, and R. G. Helmer

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 172501 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Chiral Bands, Dynamical Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking, and the Selection Rule for Electromagnetic Transitions in the Chiral Geometry

T. Koike, K. Starosta, and I. Hamamoto

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 172502 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Lack of Hohenberg-Kohn Theorem for Excited States

R. Gaudoin and K. Burke

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173001 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Can a Quantum Nondemolition Measurement Improve the Sensitivity of an Atomic Magnetometer?

M. Auzinsh, D. Budker, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, J. E. Stalnaker, A. O. Sushkov, and V. V. Yashchuk

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173002 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Mixed Quantum-Classical Treatment of Vibrational Decoherence

C. Meier

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173003 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Imaging of $s$ and $d$ Partial-Wave Interference in Quantum Scattering of Identical Bosonic Atoms

Nicholas R. Thomas, Niels Kjærgaard, Paul S. Julienne, and Andrew C. Wilson

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173201 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Interferometric Determination of the $s$ and $d$ -Wave Scattering Amplitudes in ${}^{87}{R b}$

Ch. Buggle, J. Léonard, W. von Klitzing, and J. T. M. Walraven

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173202 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Femtosecond Interatomic Coulombic Decay in Free Neon Clusters: Large Lifetime Differences between Surface and Bulk

G. Öhrwall, M. Tchaplyguine, M. Lundwall, R. Feifel, H. Bergersen, T. Rander, A. Lindblad, J. Schulz, S. Peredkov, S. Barth, S. Marburger, U. Hergenhahn, S. Svensson, and O. Björneholm

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173401 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Evaluation of Two-Photon Nonlinearity by a Semiclassical Method

Kazuki Koshino and Hajime Ishihara

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173601 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Nonlinear Dynamics, Fluid Dynamics, Classical Optics, etc.

Connection between Phase Singularities and the Radiation Pattern of a Slit in a Metal Plate

Hugo F. Schouten, Taco D. Visser, Greg Gbur, Daan Lenstra, and Hans Blok

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173901 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Self-Compression of Ultrashort Pulses through Ionization-Induced Spatiotemporal Reshaping

Nicholas L. Wagner, Emily A. Gibson, Tenio Popmintchev, Ivan P. Christov, Margaret M. Murnane, and Henry C. Kapteyn

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173902 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Time Reversal of Light with Linear Optics and Modulators

Mehmet Fatih Yanik and Shanhui Fan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 173903 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Experimental Relevance of Global Properties of Time-Delayed Feedback Control

Clemens von Loewenich, Hartmut Benner, and Wolfram Just

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 174101 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Chimera States for Coupled Oscillators

Daniel M. Abrams and Steven H. Strogatz

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 174102 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Temporal Chaos Versus Spatial Mixing in Reaction-Advection-Diffusion Systems

Arthur V. Straube, Markus Abel, and Arkady Pikovsky

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 174501 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Plasma and Beam Physics

Three-Species Collisionless Reconnection: Effect of $O^{+}$ on Magnetotail Reconnection

M. A. Shay and M. Swisdak

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175001 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Hamiltonian Description of Low-Temperature Relativistic Plasmas

B. A. Shadwick, G. M. Tarkenton, and E. H. Esarey

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175002 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Hall Magnetic Reconnection Rate

J. D. Huba and L. I. Rudakov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175003 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Condensed Matter: Structure, etc.

Surface of a ${}^{3}{H e}$ Crystal: Crossover from Quantum to Classical Behavior

I. A. Todoshchenko, H. Alles, H. J. Junes, A. Ya. Parshin, and V. Tsepelin

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175301 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Mechanical Heterogeneities in Model Polymer Glasses at Small Length Scales

Kenji Yoshimoto, Tushar S. Jain, Kevin Van Workum, Paul F. Nealey, and Juan J. de Pablo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175501 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Structural Influence of Erbium Centers on Silicon Nanocrystal Phase Transitions

Robert A. Senter, Cristian Pantea, Yuejian Wang, Haozhe Liu, T. Waldek Zerda, and Jeffery L. Coffer

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175502 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

“Learn on the Fly”: A Hybrid Classical and Quantum-Mechanical Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Gabor Csányi, T. Albaret, M. C. Payne, and A. De Vita

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175503 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

Experimental Evidence for a Zigzag Bifurcation in Bulk Lamellar Eutectic Growth

Silvère Akamatsu, Sabine Bottin-Rousseau, and Gabriel Faivre

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175701 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Universal Critical Behavior of Noisy Coupled Oscillators

Thomas Risler, Jacques Prost, and Frank Jülicher

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 175702 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Atom Incorporation at Edge Defects in Clusters

Shi Cai Wang and Gert Ehrlich

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176101 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.

Low Energy Electronic States and Triplet Pairing in Layered Cobaltate

G. Khaliullin, W. Koshibae, and S. Maekawa

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176401 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Spin Splitting Induced by Spin-Orbit Interaction in Chiral Nanotubes

L. Chico, M. P. López-Sancho, and M. C. Muñoz

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176402 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

“Lagrange Functions”: A Family of Powerful Basis Sets for Real-Space Order- $N$ Electronic Structure Calculations

Kálmán Varga, Zhenyu Zhang, and Sokrates T. Pantelides

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176403 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Quantum Versus Jahn-Teller Orbital Physics in ${Y V O}_{3}$ and ${L a V O}_{3}$

Zhong Fang and Naoto Nagaosa

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176404 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Noise at the Crossover from Wigner Liquid to Wigner Glass

C. Reichhardt and C. J. Olson Reichhardt

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176405 (2004) - Published 21 October, 2004

Current-Induced Spin Polarization in Strained Semiconductors

Y. K. Kato, R. C. Myers, A. C. Gossard, and D. D. Awschalom

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176601 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

One-Dimensional Conduction in Charge-Density-Wave Nanowires

E. Slot, M. A. Holst, H. S. J. van der Zant, and S. V. Zaitsev-Zotov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176602 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Kondo Temperature of Magnetic Impurities at Surfaces

P. Wahl, L. Diekhöner, M. A. Schneider, L. Vitali, G. Wittich, and K. Kern

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176603 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Current-Induced Excitations in Single Cobalt Ferromagnetic Layer Nanopillars

B. Özyilmaz, A. D. Kent, J. Z. Sun, M. J. Rooks, and R. H. Koch

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176604 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Band Structure versus Dynamical Exchange-Correlation Effects in Surface Plasmon Energy and Damping: A First-Principles Calculation

V. M. Silkin, E. V. Chulkov, and P. M. Echenique

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176801 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Double-Dot Charge Qubit and Transport via Dissipative Cotunneling

Mei-Rong Li and Karyn Le Hur

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176802 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Kondo Effect in a Many-Electron Quantum Ring

A. Fuhrer, T. Ihn, K. Ensslin, W. Wegscheider, and M. Bichler

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176803 (2004) - Published 19 October, 2004

New Class of Level Statistics in Correlated Disordered Chains

Pedro Carpena, Pedro Bernaola-Galván, and Plamen Ch. Ivanov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176804 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Nonlinear Wigner Solid Transport on the Free Surface of Normal and Superfluid ${}^{3}{H e}$

Keiya Shirahama, Yuri P. Monarkha, and Kimitoshi Kono

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176805 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Determination of the Intershell Conductance in Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

B. Bourlon, C. Miko, L. Forró, D. C. Glattli, and A. Bachtold

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176806 (2004) - Published 21 October, 2004

Fermi-Edge Singularities in the Mesoscopic X-Ray Edge Problem

Martina Hentschel, Denis Ullmo, and Harold U. Baranger

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176807 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Evidence of a First-Order Phase Transition Between Wigner-Crystal and Bubble Phases of 2D Electrons in Higher Landau Levels

R. M. Lewis, Yong Chen, L. W. Engel, D. C. Tsui, P. D. Ye, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176808 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Electron Correlation in the Second Landau Level: A Competition Between Many Nearly Degenerate Quantum Phases

J. S. Xia, W. Pan, C. L. Vicente, E. D. Adams, N. S. Sullivan, H. L. Stormer, D. C. Tsui, L. N. Pfeiffer, K. W. Baldwin, and K. W. West

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176809 (2004) - Published 22 October, 2004

Suppression of Timing Errors in Short Overdamped Josephson Junctions

Andrey L. Pankratov and Bernardo Spagnolo

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 177001 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Spontaneous Flux Lattices in Ferromagnetic Spin-Triplet Superconductors

Sumanta Tewari, D. Belitz, T. R. Kirkpatrick, and John Toner

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 177002 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Phonon Dispersion Curves of a ${B C}_{3}$ Honeycomb Epitaxial Sheet

H. Yanagisawa, T. Tanaka, Y. Ishida, M. Matsue, E. Rokuta, S. Otani, and C. Oshima

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 177003 (2004) - Published 18 October, 2004

Spin-Liquid versus Dimerized Ground States in a Frustrated Heisenberg Antiferromagnet

Luca Capriotti, Douglas J. Scalapino, and Steven R. White

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 177004 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Evidence for Vortices in the Pseudogap Region of $Y_{1 - x} P r_{x} B a_{2} C u_{3} O_{7}$ from Angular Magnetoresistivity Measurements

V. Sandu, E. Cimpoiasu, T. Katuwal, Shi Li, M. B. Maple, and C. C. Almasan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 177005 (2004) - Published 20 October, 2004

Nondestructive Readout for a Superconducting Flux Qubit

A. Lupaşcu, C. J. M. Verwijs, R. N. Schouten, C. J. P. M. Harmans, and J. E. Mooij

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 177006 (2004) - Published 21 October, 2004

Fermi Surface Topology of ${C a}_{1.5} {S r}_{0.5} {R u O}_{4}$ Determined by Angle-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy

S.-C. Wang, H.-B. Yang, A. K. P. Sekharan, S. Souma, H. Matsui, T. Sato, T. Takahashi, Chenxi Lu, Jiandi Zhang, R. Jin, D. Mandrus, E. W. Plummer, Z. Wang, and H. Ding

Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 177007 (2004) - Published 21 October, 2004