Volume 135, Issue 12

19 September 2025

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On the Cover

General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the supermassive black hole M87^*. Selected for an Editors’ Suggestion.

From the article:

Illuminating Black Hole Shadows with Dark Matter Annihilation
Yifan Chen, Ran Ding, Yuxin Liu, Yosuke Mizuno, Jing Shu, Haiyue Yu, and Yanjie Zeng
Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121001 (2025)

HIGHLIGHTED ARTICLES

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Combined Annual Modulation Dark Matter Search with COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112

N. Carlin et al. (COSINE-100 Collaboration, ANAIS-112 Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121002 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Two direct-detection experiments see no evidence of a signal reported by their predecessor.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Ultrahigh-Energy Neutrinos from Primordial Black Holes

Alexandra P. Klipfel and David I. Kaiser

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121003 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Black holes born in the early Universe could account for the recently observed ultrahigh-energy astrophysical neutrinos.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Topological Valley Transport in Bilayer Graphene Induced by Interlayer Sliding

Jie Pan, Huanhuan Wang, Lin Zou, Xiaoyu Wang, Lihao Zhang, Xueyan Dong, Haibo Xie, Yi Ding, Yuze Zhang, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Shuxi Wang, and Zhe Wang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126603 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Sliding one layer of bilayer graphene over the other provides a powerful way to tune the material’s electronic properties.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Illuminating Black Hole Shadows with Dark Matter Annihilation

Yifan Chen, Ran Ding, Yuxin Liu, Yosuke Mizuno, Jing Shu, Haiyue Yu, and Yanjie Zeng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121001 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

The morphology of black hole shadows observed by the Event Horizon Telescope places new constraints on dark matter annihilation.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Inclusive Semileptonic Decays of the $D_{s}$ Meson: Lattice QCD Confronts Experiments

Alessandro De Santis, Antonio Evangelista, Roberto Frezzotti, Giuseppe Gagliardi, Paolo Gambino, Marco Garofalo, Christiane Franziska Groß, Bartosz Kostrzewa, Vittorio Lubicz, Francesca Margari, Marco Panero, Francesco Sanfilippo, Silvano Simula, Antonio Smecca, Nazario Tantalo, and Carsten Urbach

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121901 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Standard model prediction for the semileptonic decay of $D_{s}$ meson using state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculation agrees well with the experimental determinations.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Host-Dependent Frequency Offsets in ${}^{229}{Th}$ Nuclear Clockwork

U. C. Perera, H. W. T. Morgan, Eric R. Hudson, and Andrei Derevianko

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 123001 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Host-dependent variations of Thorium-229 nuclear clock frequencies in solid-state hosts are predicted using a combination of advanced methods.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Probing Vortex Dynamics in 2D Superconductors with Scanning Quantum Microscope

Sreehari Jayaram, Malik Lenger, Dong Zhao, Lucas Pupim, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Ruoming Peng, Marc Scheffler, Rainer Stöhr, Mathias S. Scheurer, Jurgen Smet, and Jörg Wrachtrup

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126001 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Direct measurement of vortex dynamics using scanning nitrogen-vacancy quantum microscopy identifies a disordered vortex glass state in thin films of NbSe $_{2}$ , providing the first spatiotemporal mapping of vortex behavior in a 2D superconductor.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Evidence for Multiband Gapless Superconductivity in the Topological Superconductor Candidate $4 Hb − {TaS}_{2}$

Hanru Wang, Yihan Jiao, Fanyu Meng, Xu Zhang, Dongzhe Dai, Chengpeng Tu, Chengcheng Zhao, Lu Xin, Sicheng Huang, Hechang Lei, and Shiyan Li

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126002 (2025) - Published 19 September, 2025

Thermal conductance measurements on the layered transition metal dichalcogenide 4 $H b$ -TaS $_{2}$ reveal multiband gapless superconductivity.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Eliminating Defect States in Monolayer Tungsten Diselenide by Coupling with a c-Plane Sapphire Surface

Chen Huang, Jinhuan Wang, Yilin Chen, Zuo Feng, Yuexing Xia, Guangjie Yao, Mengze Zhao, Guodong Xue, Si Zhou, Xiaozhi Xu, Xinfeng Liu, Enge Wang, Ji Chen, Kaihui Liu, and Hao Hong

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126201 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Selenium vacancies are repaired by oxygen atoms transferred from the highly active c-plane in sapphire showing that defect states can be eliminated below the optical spectrum-detectable level.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Activation Volume Facilitating Chemical Reaction under Mechanical Stress

Yilong Jiang, Junyu Bin, Junhui Sun, Seong H. Kim, Linmao Qian, Lei Chen, and Yang Wang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 128001 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

First-principles calculations confirm the validity a new model of activation volume based on inherent stress difference and effective volume change, making possible to devise engineering strategies to regulate mechanochemical effects in chemical reactions.

LETTERS

Quantum Information, Science, and Technology

Limitations of Gaussian Measurements in Quantum Imaging

Yunkai Wang and Sisi Zhou

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120201 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Quantum Theory of the Josephson Junction between Finite Islands

Thomas J. Maldonado, Alejandro W. Rodriguez, and Hakan E. Türeci

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120202 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Geometric Phase Transition of the Three-Dimensional $Z_{2}$ Lattice Gauge Model

Ramgopal Agrawal, Leticia F. Cugliandolo, Lara Faoro, Lev B. Ioffe, and Marco Picco

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120601 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Structural Dynamics and Strong Correlations in Dynamical Quantum Optical Lattices

Adrián U. Ramírez-Barajas and Santiago F. Caballero-Benitez

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120602 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Thresholds for Postselected Quantum Error Correction from Statistical Mechanics

Lucas H. English, Dominic J. Williamson, and Stephen D. Bartlett

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120603 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Designing a Nearly Optimal Quantum Algorithm for Linear Differential Equations via Lindbladians

Zhong-Xia Shang, Naixu Guo, Dong An, and Qi Zhao

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120604 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Cavity-Enhanced Spin-Wave Solid-State Quantum Memory

Leo Feldmann, Sören Wengerowsky, Antariksha Das, Stefano Duranti, Jonathan Hänni, Samuele Grandi, and Hugues de Riedmatten

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120801 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Quantum Stochastic Communication via High-Dimensional Entanglement

Chao Zhang, Jia-Le Miao, Xiao-Min Hu, Jef Pauwels, Yu Guo, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo, Armin Tavakoli, and Bi-Heng Liu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120802 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Enhanced Gravity Sensing by a Levitated Mesoscopic Nanoparticle

L.-Y. Wang, J.-F. Wei, K.-F. Cui, S.-L. Su, L.-L. Yan, H.-Z. Guo, C.-X. Shan, and Gang Chen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 120803 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Gravitation

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Illuminating Black Hole Shadows with Dark Matter Annihilation

Yifan Chen, Ran Ding, Yuxin Liu, Yosuke Mizuno, Jing Shu, Haiyue Yu, and Yanjie Zeng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121001 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

The morphology of black hole shadows observed by the Event Horizon Telescope places new constraints on dark matter annihilation.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Combined Annual Modulation Dark Matter Search with COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112

N. Carlin et al. (COSINE-100 Collaboration, ANAIS-112 Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121002 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Two direct-detection experiments see no evidence of a signal reported by their predecessor.

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Ultrahigh-Energy Neutrinos from Primordial Black Holes

Alexandra P. Klipfel and David I. Kaiser

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121003 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Black holes born in the early Universe could account for the recently observed ultrahigh-energy astrophysical neutrinos.

Particles and Fields

Universality Class of the First Levels in Low-Dimensional Gravity

Alexander Altland, Jeremy van der Heijden, Tobias Micklitz, Moshe Rozali, and Joaquim Telles de Miranda

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121601 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Modular-Invariant Random Matrix Theory and ${AdS}_{3}$ Wormholes

Jan Boruch, Gabriele Di Ubaldo, Felix M. Haehl, Eric Perlmutter, and Moshe Rozali

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121602 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Measurement of Reactor Antineutrino Oscillation at $SNO +$

M. Abreu et al. ( $SNO + Collaboration$ )

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121801 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Search for Millicharged Particles in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13.6 TeV$

S. Alcott et al.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121802 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Inclusive Semileptonic Decays of the $D_{s}$ Meson: Lattice QCD Confronts Experiments

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121901 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Standard model prediction for the semileptonic decay of $D_{s}$ meson using state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculation agrees well with the experimental determinations.

Study of $χ_{b J} (2 P) \to ω ϒ (1 S)$ at Belle

Z. S. Stottler et al. (The Belle Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121902 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Host-Dependent Frequency Offsets in ${}^{229}{Th}$ Nuclear Clockwork

U. C. Perera, H. W. T. Morgan, Eric R. Hudson, and Andrei Derevianko

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 123001 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Host-dependent variations of Thorium-229 nuclear clock frequencies in solid-state hosts are predicted using a combination of advanced methods.

Phase Transitions in Nonreciprocal Driven-Dissipative Condensates

Ron Belyansky, Cheyne Weis, Ryo Hanai, Peter B. Littlewood, and Aashish A. Clerk

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 123401 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Efficiently Measuring $d$ -Wave Pairing and Beyond in Quantum Gas Microscopes

Daniel K. Mark, Hong-Ye Hu, Joyce Kwan, Christian Kokail, Soonwon Choi, and Susanne F. Yelin

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 123402 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Correlated Quasiparticle Poisoning from Phonon-Only Events in Superconducting Qubits

E. Yelton, C. P. Larson, K. Dodge, K. Okubo, and B. L. T. Plourde

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 123601 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Genuine Quantum Effects in Dicke-Type Models at Large Atom Numbers

Kai Müller and Walter T. Strunz

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 123602 (2025) - Published 19 September, 2025

Physics of Fluids, Earth & Planetary Science, and Climate

Strong and Weak Dynamo Regimes in Taylor-Couette Flows

Ashish Mishra, George Mamatsashvili, and Frank Stefani

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 124001 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Plasma and Solar Physics, Accelerators and Beams

Influence of Collisional Effects on Ion-Acoustic Wave Properties in Non-Maxwellian Laser-Driven Plasmas

R. Capdessus, C. Ruyer, A. Debayle, P. Loiseau, and P. E. Masson-Laborde

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 125101 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

TeV Solar Gamma Rays as a Probe for the Solar Internetwork Magnetic Fields

Kenny C. Y. Ng, Andrew Hillier, and Shin’ichiro Ando

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 125201 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Condensed Matter and Materials

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Probing Vortex Dynamics in 2D Superconductors with Scanning Quantum Microscope

Sreehari Jayaram, Malik Lenger, Dong Zhao, Lucas Pupim, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Ruoming Peng, Marc Scheffler, Rainer Stöhr, Mathias S. Scheurer, Jurgen Smet, and Jörg Wrachtrup

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126001 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Evidence for Multiband Gapless Superconductivity in the Topological Superconductor Candidate $4 Hb − {TaS}_{2}$

Hanru Wang, Yihan Jiao, Fanyu Meng, Xu Zhang, Dongzhe Dai, Chengpeng Tu, Chengcheng Zhao, Lu Xin, Sicheng Huang, Hechang Lei, and Shiyan Li

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126002 (2025) - Published 19 September, 2025

Thermal conductance measurements on the layered transition metal dichalcogenide 4 $H b$ -TaS $_{2}$ reveal multiband gapless superconductivity.

Tensor Learning and Compression of N-Phonon Interactions

Yao Luo, Dhruv Mangtani, Shiyu Peng, Jia Yao, Sergei Kliavinek, and Marco Bernardi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126101 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Internal Stresses as Origin of the Anomalous Low-Temperature Specific Heat in Glasses

Walter Schirmacher and Giancarlo Ruocco

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126102 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Negative and Positive Anisotropic Thermal Expansion in 2D Fullerene Networks

Armaan Shaikh, Jiaqi Wu, and Bo Peng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126103 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Eliminating Defect States in Monolayer Tungsten Diselenide by Coupling with a c-Plane Sapphire Surface

Chen Huang, Jinhuan Wang, Yilin Chen, Zuo Feng, Yuexing Xia, Guangjie Yao, Mengze Zhao, Guodong Xue, Si Zhou, Xiaozhi Xu, Xinfeng Liu, Enge Wang, Ji Chen, Kaihui Liu, and Hao Hong

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126201 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Selenium vacancies are repaired by oxygen atoms transferred from the highly active c-plane in sapphire showing that defect states can be eliminated below the optical spectrum-detectable level.

Entropy Spectroscopy of a Bilayer Graphene Quantum Dot

C. Adam, H. Duprez, N. Lehmann, A. Yglesias, A. O. Denisov, S. Cances, M. J. Ruckriegel, M. Masseroni, C. Tong, W. Huang, D. Kealhofer, R. Garreis, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, K. Ensslin, and T. Ihn

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126202 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Twist-on-Twist Moiré Elastic Metasurfaces

Menghan Li, Kuan He, Zhiwen Ren, Li-Qun Chen, Hao-Wen Dong, Chenglin Han, Tianzhi Yang, and Cheng-Wei Qiu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126301 (2025) - Published 19 September, 2025

Accurate Ab Initio Method for Charged Defect Scattering

Rongjing Guo, Kwangrae Kim, Zhongcan Xiao, and Yuanyue Liu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126302 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Quantum Monte Carlo Pair Orbital Wave Functions for Periodic Systems

Lubos Mitas

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126401 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Disorder-Induced Suppression of Superconductivity in Infinite-Layer Nickelates

Abhishek Ranna, Romain Grasset, Martin Gonzalez, Kyuho Lee, Bai Yang Wang, Edgar Abarca Morales, Florian Theuss, Zuzanna H. Filipiak, Michal Moravec, Marcin Konczykowski, Harold Y. Hwang, Andrew P. Mackenzie, and Berit H. Goodge

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126501 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Spectral Properties of Fractionalized Shiba States

Cătălin Paşcu Moca, Csanád Hajdú, Balázs Dóra, and Gergely Zaránd

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126502 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Phase Transitions and Remnants of Fractionalization at Finite Temperature in the Triangular Lattice Quantum Loop Model

Xiaoxue Ran, Sylvain Capponi, Junchen Rong, Fabien Alet, and Zi Yang Meng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126503 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Three-Dimensional Topological Valley Photonics

Wenhao Li, Qiaolu Chen, Ning Han, Xinrui Li, Fujia Chen, Junyao Wu, Yuang Pan, Yudong Ren, Hongsheng Chen, Haoran Xue, and Yihao Yang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126601 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Dimensional Hierarchy of Topological Bound States in the Continuum

Shunda Yin, Zhenyu Wang, Liping Ye, Hailong He, Manzhu Ke, Weiyin Deng, Jiuyang Lu, and Zhengyou Liu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126602 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

FEATURED IN PHYSICS

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Topological Valley Transport in Bilayer Graphene Induced by Interlayer Sliding

Jie Pan, Huanhuan Wang, Lin Zou, Xiaoyu Wang, Lihao Zhang, Xueyan Dong, Haibo Xie, Yi Ding, Yuze Zhang, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Shuxi Wang, and Zhe Wang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126603 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Sliding one layer of bilayer graphene over the other provides a powerful way to tune the material’s electronic properties.

Genuine Topological Anderson Insulator from Impurity Induced Chirality Reversal

Avedis Neehus, Frank Pollmann, and Johannes Knolle

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126604 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Modified Interferometer to Measure Anyonic Braiding Statistics

Steven A. Kivelson and Chaitanya Murthy

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126605 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Enhancing the Hyperpolarizability of Crystals with Quantum Geometry

Wojciech J. Jankowski, Robert-Jan Slager, and Michele Pizzochero

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126606 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Coexistence of Topological Surface States and Superconductivity in Dirac Semimetal ${NiTe}_{2}$

Chen He, Jian-Zhou Zhao, Mei Du, Luo-Zhao Zhang, Jia-Ying Zhang, Kuo Yang, Noah F. Q. Yuan, Aleksandr Seliverstov, Ewald Janssens, Jun-Yi Ge, and Zhe Li

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126607 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Emergence of Chiral Phonons in Two-Dimensional Kagome Lattices Harboring Electronic Chirality

Yanru Chen, Wei Qin, Shunhong Zhang, Ping Cui, Qian Niu, and Zhenyu Zhang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126608 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Emerging $(2 + 1) D$ Electrodynamics and Topological Instanton in Pseudo-Hermitian Two-Level Systems

Kuangyin Deng and Ran Cheng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126609 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Hopf Bifurcation of Nonlinear Non-Hermitian Skin Effect

Kohei Kawabata and Daichi Nakamura

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126610 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Spin Demons in $d$ -Wave Altermagnets

Pieter M. Gunnink, Jairo Sinova, and Alexander Mook

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126701 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Strong Coupling of Chiral Magnons in Altermagnets

Zhejunyu Jin, Tianci Gong, Jie Liu, Huanhuan Yang, Zhaozhuo Zeng, Yunshan Cao, and Peng Yan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126702 (2025) - Published 15 September, 2025

Vertical Soliton-Assisted Current Switching in Extremely Thick FeGd Ferrimagnets

Teng Xu, Zhengde Xu, Yiqing Dong, Yang Cheng, Ledong Wang, Hongmei Feng, Hao Bai, Kun Xu, Xinyu Shu, Pu Yu, Heng-An Zhou, Enlong Liu, Shikun He, Chuanying Xi, Guoqiang Yu, Xuepeng Qiu, Se Kwon Kim, Jing Zhu, Zhifeng Zhu, and Wanjun Jiang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126703 (2025) - Published 16 September, 2025

Nonvolatile Electric Control of Antiferromagnetic States on Nanosecond Timescales

S. Ghara, M. Winkler, S. W. Schmid, L. Prodan, K. Geirhos, V. Tsurkan, Wenbo Ge, Weida Wu, A. Halbritter, S. Krohns, and I. Kézsmárki

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126704 (2025) - Published 18 September, 2025

Light-Matter Correlation Energy Functional of the Cavity-Coupled Two-Dimensional Electron Gas via Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations

Lukas Weber, Miguel A. Morales, Johannes Flick, Shiwei Zhang, and Angel Rubio

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 126901 (2025) - Published 17 September, 2025

Statistical Physics; Classical, Nonlinear, and Complex Systems

Polymers, Chemical Physics, Soft Matter, and Biological Physics

EDITORS' SUGGESTION