Volume 134, Issue 15

18 April 2025

Browse Issues:

On the Cover

Reconstruction of the wave function density of hypothetical ultralight bosonic dark matter. Selected for an Editors’ Suggestion.

From the article:

Dwarf Galaxies Imply Dark Matter Is Heavier than $2.2 \times 10^{- 21} eV$
Tim Zimmermann, James Alvey, David J. E. Marsh, Malcolm Fairbairn, and Justin I. Read
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151001 (2025)

EDITORIALS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS

Editorial: Celebrating the First Century of Quantum Physics and Preparing for the Next One

Dagmar Bruß

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150001 (2025) - Published 16 April, 2025

HIGHLIGHTED ARTICLES

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dwarf Galaxies Imply Dark Matter Is Heavier than $2.2 \times 10^{- 21} eV$

Tim Zimmermann, James Alvey, David J. E. Marsh, Malcolm Fairbairn, and Justin I. Read

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151001 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Through data-driven reconstructions of the dark matter density profiles within the Leo II dwarf Milky Way satellite galaxy, a rigorous lower bound of $2.2 \times 10^{- 21}$ eV is set on the mass of a hypothetical bosonic dark matter particle.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dark Matter Axion Search with HAYSTAC Phase II

Xiran Bai, M. J. Jewell, J. Echevers, K. van Bibber, A. Droster, Maryam H. Esmat, Sumita Ghosh, Eleanor Graham, H. Jackson, Claire Laffan, S. K. Lamoreaux, A. F. Leder, K. W. Lehnert, S. M. Lewis, R. H. Maruyama, R. D. Nath, N. M. Rapidis, E. P. Ruddy, M. Silva-Feaver, M. Simanovskaia, Sukhman Singh, D. H. Speller, Sabrina Zacarias, and Yuqi Zhu (HAYSTAC Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151006 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

The HAYSTAC squeezed-state receiver is used to exclude axion-dark-matter parameter space down to benchmark models over a range of about 2 $μ$ eV in axion mass.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Experimental Observation of Dirac Exceptional Points

Yang Wu, Dongfanghao Zhu, Yunhan Wang, Xing Rong, and Jiangfeng Du

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153601 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

The discovery of a Dirac exceptional point in a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond is associated with an exotic band topology that provides lossless quantum control with applications to various photonic, phononic, mechanical, and quantum systems.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Giant Nonreciprocity and Gyration through Modulation-Induced Hatano-Nelson Coupling in Integrated Photonics

Oğulcan E. Örsel, Jiho Noh, Penghao Zhu, Jieun Yim, Taylor L. Hughes, Ronny Thomale, and Gaurav Bahl

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153801 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Dynamically tuning light flow in tiny optical circuits enables precise control over how light moves between them.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Magnetic Vortex Dynamics Probed by Time-Resolved Magnetic Helicoidal Dichroism

Mauro Fanciulli, Matteo Pancaldi, Anda-Elena Stanciu, Matthieu Guer, Emanuele Pedersoli, Dario De Angelis, Primož Rebernik Ribič, David Bresteau, Martin Luttmann, Pietro Carrara, Arun Ravindran, Benedikt Rösner, Christian David, Carlo Spezzani, Michele Manfredda, Ricardo Sousa, Laurent Vila, Ioan Lucian Prejbeanu, Liliana D. Buda-Prejbeanu, Bernard Dieny, Giovanni De Ninno, Flavio Capotondi, Thierry Ruchon, and Maurizio Sacchi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156701 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Time-resolved magnetic helicoidal dichroism reveals transient changes in spin texture not seen with x-ray magnetic circular dichroism.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Second Harmonic Generation due to the Spatial Structure of a Radiation Beam

A. A. Gunyaga, M. V. Durnev, and S. A. Tarasenko

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156901 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Spatially structured radiation is shown to induce second harmonic signals in a two-dimensional system, even in homogeneous and isotropic media.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Multipath Signal-Selective Metasurface: Passive Time-Varying Interlocking Mechanism to Vary Spatial Impedance for Signals with the Same Frequency

Kaito Tachi, Kota Suzuki, Kairi Takimoto, Shunsuke Saruwatari, Kiichi Niitsu, Ryo Ikeya, Tayaallen Ramachandran, Atsuko Nagata, Peter Njogu, and Hiroki Wakatsuchi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 157001 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

A new passive metasurface filter is capable of selectively transmitting only the first incident wave while rejecting time-delayed signals at the same frequency.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Direct Spin-Imaging Detector Based on Freestanding Magnetic Nanomembranes

O. E. Tereshchenko, V. V. Bakin, S. A. Stepanov, V. A. Golyashov, A. S. Mikaeva, D. A. Kustov, V. S. Rusetsky, S. A. Rozhkov, H. E. Scheibler, and A. Yu. Demin

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 157002 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Analogous to an optical polarizer, an efficient spin filter works by transmitting electrons through a magnetic nanomembrane and can detect efficiently the spin-polarization of free electrons.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Nonequilibrium Fluctuation-Response Relations: From Identities to Bounds

Timur Aslyamov, Krzysztof Ptaszyński, and Massimiliano Esposito

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 157101 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Exact fluctuation response relations that generalize the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and unify it with the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) prove and extend the recently conjectured response-TUR.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Statistical Mechanics of Heteropolymers from Lattice Gauge Theory

Veronica Panizza, Alessandro Roggero, Philipp Hauke, and Pietro Faccioli

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 158101 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

The partition function of lattice heteropolymers maps to a $Z_{2}$ lattice gauge theory, a finding that could lead to efficient Monte Carlo methods to study heteropolymers.

LETTERS

Quantum Information, Science, and Technology

Experimental Single-Copy Distillation of Quantumness from Higher-Dimensional Entanglement

Xiao-Xu Fang, Gelo Noel M. Tabia, Kai-Siang Chen, Yeong-Cherng Liang, and He Lu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150201 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Quantum Liang Information Flow Probe of Causality across Critical Points

Roopayan Ghosh, Bin Yi, and Sougato Bose

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150202 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Threefold Way for Typical Entanglement

Haruki Yagi, Ken Mochizuki, and Zongping Gong

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150401 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Time-Resolved Stochastic Dynamics of Quantum Thermal Machines

Abhaya S. Hegde, Patrick P. Potts, and Gabriel T. Landi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150402 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Clifford Dressed Time-Dependent Variational Principle

Antonio Francesco Mello, Alessandro Santini, Guglielmo Lami, Jacopo De Nardis, and Mario Collura

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150403 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Clifford Circuits Augmented Time-Dependent Variational Principle

Xiangjian Qian, Jiale Huang, and Mingpu Qin

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150404 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Efficient Detection of Strong-to-Weak Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking via the Rényi-1 Correlator

Zack Weinstein

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150405 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Experimental Demonstration of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking with Emergent Multiqubit Entanglement

Ri-Hua Zheng, Wen Ning, Jia-Hao Lü, Xue-Jia Yu, Fan Wu, Cheng-Lin Deng, Zhen-Biao Yang, Kai Xu, Dongning Zheng, Heng Fan, and Shi-Biao Zheng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 150406 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Gravitation

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dwarf Galaxies Imply Dark Matter Is Heavier than $2.2 \times 10^{- 21} eV$

Tim Zimmermann, James Alvey, David J. E. Marsh, Malcolm Fairbairn, and Justin I. Read

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151001 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Cooling the Shock: New Supernova Constraints on Dark Photons

Andrea Caputo, Hans-Thomas Janka, Georg Raffelt, and Seokhoon Yun

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151002 (2025) - Published 16 April, 2025

Constraints on Local Primordial Non-Gaussianity with 3D Velocity Reconstruction from the Kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect

Alex Laguë, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Kendrick M. Smith, Simone Ferraro, and Emmanuel Schaan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151003 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

First Search for Dark Photon Dark Matter with a madmax Prototype

J. Egge et al. (madmax Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151004 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Neutrinos and Gamma Rays from Beta Decays in an Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 1068 Jet

Koichiro Yasuda, Nobuyuki Sakai, Yoshiyuki Inoue, and Alexander Kusenko

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151005 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Dark Matter Axion Search with HAYSTAC Phase II

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151006 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

The HAYSTAC squeezed-state receiver is used to exclude axion-dark-matter parameter space down to benchmark models over a range of about 2 $μ$ eV in axion mass.

Observational Signatures of Highly Magnified Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescence

Rico K. L. Lo, Luka Vujeva, Jose María Ezquiaga, and Juno C. L. Chan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151401 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Accessing Universal Relations of Binary Neutron Star Waveforms in Massive Scalar-Tensor Theory

Alan Tsz-Lok Lam, Yong Gao, Hao-Jui Kuan, Masaru Shibata, Karim Van Aelst, and Kenta Kiuchi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151402 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Particles and Fields

Flow-Based Sampling for Entanglement Entropy and the Machine Learning of Defects

Andrea Bulgarelli, Elia Cellini, Karl Jansen, Stefan Kühn, Alessandro Nada, Shinichi Nakajima, Kim A. Nicoli, and Marco Panero

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151601 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

${AdS}_{3} \times S^{3}$ Virasoro-Shapiro Amplitude with Ramond-Ramond Flux

Shai M. Chester and De-liang Zhong (钟德亮)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151602 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Global Symmetries, Code Ensembles, and Sums over Geometries

Ahmed Barbar, Anatoly Dymarsky, and Alfred D. Shapere

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151603 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Search for a Hidden Sector Scalar from Kaon Decay in the Dimuon Final State at ICARUS

F. Abd Alrahman et al. (ICARUS Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151801 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Final Search for Short-Baseline Neutrino Oscillations with the PROSPECT-I Detector at HFIR

M. Andriamirado et al. (PROSPECT Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151802 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Axion Detection Experiments Can Probe Majoron Models

Qiuyue Liang, Xavier Ponce Díaz, and Tsutomu T. Yanagida

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151803 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Universality in the Near-Side Energy-Energy Correlator

Xiaohui Liu, Werner Vogelsang, Feng Yuan, and Hua Xing Zhu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151901 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Quantum Electrodynamics in Strong Electromagnetic Fields: Substate Resolved $K α$ Transition Energies in Heliumlike Uranium

Ph. Pfäfflein et al.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153001 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Rotationally Resolved Spectroscopy of a Single Polyatomic Molecule

Aaron Calvin, Samuel Kresch, Merrell Brzeczek, Elijah Lane, Lincoln Satterthwaite, Desi Hawkins, and David Patterson

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153002 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Generation of Neutron Airy Beams

Dusan Sarenac, Owen Lailey, Melissa E. Henderson, Huseyin Ekinci, Charles W. Clark, David G. Cory, Lisa DeBeer-Schmitt, Michael G. Huber, Jonathan S. White, Kirill Zhernenkov, and Dmitry A. Pushin

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153401 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Fate of Thermalization of Ultracold Fermions with Two-Body Dissipation

Xin-Yuan Gao and Yangqian Yan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153402 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Exact Spectral Properties of Fermi Polarons in One-Dimensional Lattices: Anomalous Fermi Singularities and Polaron Quasiparticles

Hui Hu, Jia Wang, and Xia-Ji Liu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153403 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Experimental Observation of Dirac Exceptional Points

Yang Wu, Dongfanghao Zhu, Yunhan Wang, Xing Rong, and Jiangfeng Du

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153601 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Emergence of Second-Order Coherence in the Superradiant Emission from a Free-Space Atomic Ensemble

Giovanni Ferioli, Igor Ferrier-Barbut, and Antoine Browaeys

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153602 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Strong Intrinsic Longitudinal Coupling in Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics

C. A. Potts, R. C. Dekker, S. Deve, E. W. Strijbis, and G. A. Steele

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153603 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Giant Nonreciprocity and Gyration through Modulation-Induced Hatano-Nelson Coupling in Integrated Photonics

Oğulcan E. Örsel, Jiho Noh, Penghao Zhu, Jieun Yim, Taylor L. Hughes, Ronny Thomale, and Gaurav Bahl

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153801 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Dynamically tuning light flow in tiny optical circuits enables precise control over how light moves between them.

Controlling the Polarization and Vortex Charge of $γ$ Photons via Nonlinear Compton Scattering

Jing-Jing Jiang, Kai-Hong Zhuang, Jia-Ding Chen, Jian-Xing Li, and Yue-Yue Chen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 153802 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Physics of Fluids, Earth & Planetary Science, and Climate

Laminar-Turbulent Patterns in Shear Flows: Evasion of Tipping, Saddle-Loop Bifurcation, and Log Scaling of the Turbulent Fraction

Pavan V. Kashyap, Juan F. Marín, Yohann Duguet, and Olivier Dauchot

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 154001 (2025) - Published 16 April, 2025

Plasma and Solar Physics, Accelerators and Beams

Experimental Observation of the Motion of Ions in a Resonantly Driven Plasma Wakefield Accelerator

M. Turner et al. (AWAKE Collaboration)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 155001 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Autoresonant Removal of Fusion Products in Mirror Machines

Eli Gudinetsky, Tal Miller, Ilan Be’ery, and Ido Barth

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 155101 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

Electron-Only Magnetic Reconnection and Inverse Magnetic-Energy Transfer at Subion Scales

Zhuo Liu, Caio Silva, Lucio M. Milanese, Muni Zhou, Noah R. Mandell, and Nuno F. Loureiro

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 155201 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Condensed Matter and Materials

Hydrodynamic Modes and Operator Spreading in a Long-Range Center-of-Mass-Conserving Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev Model

Bai-Lin Cheng, Shao-Kai Jian, and Zhi-Cheng Yang

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156301 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Unlocking New Regimes in Fractional Quantum Hall Effect with Quaternions

Mytraya Gattu and J. K. Jain

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156501 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Non-Hermitian Topology in Multiterminal Superconducting Junctions

David Christian Ohnmacht, Valentin Wilhelm, Hannes Weisbrich, and Wolfgang Belzig

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156601 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Defect-Immune Sound Radiation in a Topologically Nontrivial Hyperbolic Metamaterial

Yang Zhang, Li-Yang Zheng, and Johan Christensen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156602 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Magnetic Vortex Dynamics Probed by Time-Resolved Magnetic Helicoidal Dichroism

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156701 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Time-resolved magnetic helicoidal dichroism reveals transient changes in spin texture not seen with x-ray magnetic circular dichroism.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Second Harmonic Generation due to the Spatial Structure of a Radiation Beam

A. A. Gunyaga, M. V. Durnev, and S. A. Tarasenko

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 156901 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Spatially structured radiation is shown to induce second harmonic signals in a two-dimensional system, even in homogeneous and isotropic media.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Multipath Signal-Selective Metasurface: Passive Time-Varying Interlocking Mechanism to Vary Spatial Impedance for Signals with the Same Frequency

Kaito Tachi, Kota Suzuki, Kairi Takimoto, Shunsuke Saruwatari, Kiichi Niitsu, Ryo Ikeya, Tayaallen Ramachandran, Atsuko Nagata, Peter Njogu, and Hiroki Wakatsuchi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 157001 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

A new passive metasurface filter is capable of selectively transmitting only the first incident wave while rejecting time-delayed signals at the same frequency.

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Direct Spin-Imaging Detector Based on Freestanding Magnetic Nanomembranes

O. E. Tereshchenko, V. V. Bakin, S. A. Stepanov, V. A. Golyashov, A. S. Mikaeva, D. A. Kustov, V. S. Rusetsky, S. A. Rozhkov, H. E. Scheibler, and A. Yu. Demin

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 157002 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

Analogous to an optical polarizer, an efficient spin filter works by transmitting electrons through a magnetic nanomembrane and can detect efficiently the spin-polarization of free electrons.

Statistical Physics; Classical, Nonlinear, and Complex Systems

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Nonequilibrium Fluctuation-Response Relations: From Identities to Bounds

Timur Aslyamov, Krzysztof Ptaszyński, and Massimiliano Esposito

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 157101 (2025) - Published 15 April, 2025

Shortcuts to Adiabaticity across a Separatrix

Roi Holtzman, Oren Raz, and Christopher Jarzynski

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 157201 (2025) - Published 17 April, 2025

Polymers, Chemical Physics, Soft Matter, and Biological Physics

Dielectric Properties of Aqueous Electrolytes at the Nanoscale

Maximilian R. Becker, Roland R. Netz, Philip Loche, Douwe Jan Bonthuis, Dominique Mouhanna, and Hélène Berthoumieux

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 158001 (2025) - Published 14 April, 2025

EDITORS' SUGGESTION

Statistical Mechanics of Heteropolymers from Lattice Gauge Theory

Veronica Panizza, Alessandro Roggero, Philipp Hauke, and Pietro Faccioli

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 158101 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025

The partition function of lattice heteropolymers maps to a $Z_{2}$ lattice gauge theory, a finding that could lead to efficient Monte Carlo methods to study heteropolymers.

ERRATA

Erratum: Gravitational Raman Scattering in Effective Field Theory: A Scalar Tidal Matching at $O (G^{3})$ [Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 131401 (2024)]

Mikhail M. Ivanov, Yue-Zhou Li, Julio Parra-Martinez, and Zihan Zhou

Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 159901 (2025) - Published 18 April, 2025