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On the Cover

Reinforcement learning: An agent observes the environment acquiring its state (straight arrow), then decides to implement an action (upper curved arrow) thus updating the environment state for the next step. Based on the outcomes an interpreter grants the agent a reward R (lower curved arrow), which the agent aims to maximize.

From the article:

Reinforcement Learning Approach to Nonequilibrium Quantum Thermodynamics
Sofia Sgroi, G. Massimo Palma, and Mauro Paternostro
Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020601 (2021)

HIGHLIGHTED ARTICLES

Observation of Pauli Crystals

Marvin Holten, Luca Bayha, Keerthan Subramanian, Carl Heintze, Philipp M. Preiss, and Selim Jochim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020401 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

A novel, high-resolution fluorescence imaging technique reveals a pattern, known as a Pauli crystal, that can emerge in a cloud of trapped, noninteracting fermions.

Optical-Relayed Entanglement Distribution Using Drones as Mobile Nodes

Hua-Ying Liu, Xiao-Hui Tian, Changsheng Gu, Pengfei Fan, Xin Ni, Ran Yang, Ji-Ning Zhang, Mingzhe Hu, Jian Guo, Xun Cao, Xiaopeng Hu, Gang Zhao, Yan-Qing Lu, Yan-Xiao Gong, Zhenda Xie, and Shi-Ning Zhu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020503 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

A small prototype of a drone-based quantum network has successfully relayed a quantum signal over a kilometer of free space.

Ab Initio Limits of Atomic Nuclei

S. R. Stroberg, J. D. Holt, A. Schwenk, and J. Simonis

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 022501 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

First-principles calculations predict the properties of nearly 700 isotopes between helium and iron, showing which nuclides can exist and which cannot.

Optical Mass Spectrometry of Cold RaOH+ and RaOCH3+

M. Fan, C. A. Holliman, X. Shi, H. Zhang, M. W. Straus, X. Li, S. W. Buechele, and A. M. Jayich

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023002 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Researchers design radioactive molecules that might have exceptional sensitivity to the symmetry violations explaining the matter-antimatter imbalance of the Universe.

Probing Fundamental Symmetries of Deformed Nuclei in Symmetric Top Molecules

Phelan Yu and Nicholas R. Hutzler

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023003 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Researchers design radioactive molecules that might have exceptional sensitivity to the symmetry violations explaining the matter-antimatter imbalance of the Universe.

Fracture Diodes: Directional Asymmetry of Fracture Toughness

N. R. Brodnik, S. Brach, C. M. Long, G. Ravichandran, B. Bourdin, K. T. Faber, and K. Bhattacharya

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025503 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Researchers have designed a metamaterial that is nearly twice as resistant to cracking in one direction versus the other—what they call a fracture diode.

Swirling Instability of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton

David B. Stein, Gabriele De Canio, Eric Lauga, Michael J. Shelley, and Raymond E. Goldstein

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028103 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

During a fruit-fly egg cell’s early development, its internal fluid begins to swirl in a vortex—a transition caused by the coordinated behavior of elastic filaments in the cell.

Evidence of Three-Dimensional Asymmetries Seeded by High-Density Carbon-Ablator Nonuniformity in Experiments at the National Ignition Facility

D. T. Casey et al.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025002 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Novel fusion experiments indicate that nonuniformity in the ablator shell thickness hinders implosion performance significantly.

Desynchronization Transitions in Adaptive Networks

Rico Berner, Simon Vock, Eckehard Schöll, and Serhiy Yanchuk

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028301 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

A master stability approach for a general class of adaptive networks provides a powerful tool to study collective effects by decoupling topological and dynamical properties of the network.

LETTERS

General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.

Observation of Pauli Crystals

Marvin Holten, Luca Bayha, Keerthan Subramanian, Carl Heintze, Philipp M. Preiss, and Selim Jochim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020401 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

A novel, high-resolution fluorescence imaging technique reveals a pattern, known as a Pauli crystal, that can emerge in a cloud of trapped, noninteracting fermions.

Dissipative Engineering of Gaussian Entangled States in Harmonic Lattices with a Single-Site Squeezed Reservoir

Stefano Zippilli and David Vitali

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020402 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Efficient Simulation of Loop Quantum Gravity: A Scalable Linear-Optical Approach

Lior Cohen, Anthony J. Brady, Zichang Huang, Hongguang Liu, Dongxue Qu, Jonathan P. Dowling, and Muxin Han

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020501 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Efficient Qubit Measurement with a Nonreciprocal Microwave Amplifier

F. Lecocq, L. Ranzani, G. A. Peterson, K. Cicak, X. Y. Jin, R. W. Simmonds, J. D. Teufel, and J. Aumentado

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020502 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Optical-Relayed Entanglement Distribution Using Drones as Mobile Nodes

Hua-Ying Liu, Xiao-Hui Tian, Changsheng Gu, Pengfei Fan, Xin Ni, Ran Yang, Ji-Ning Zhang, Mingzhe Hu, Jian Guo, Xun Cao, Xiaopeng Hu, Gang Zhao, Yan-Qing Lu, Yan-Xiao Gong, Zhenda Xie, and Shi-Ning Zhu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020503 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

A small prototype of a drone-based quantum network has successfully relayed a quantum signal over a kilometer of free space.

Reinforcement Learning Approach to Nonequilibrium Quantum Thermodynamics

Sofia Sgroi, G. Massimo Palma, and Mauro Paternostro

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020601 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Dynamical Transitions and Critical Behavior between Discrete Time Crystal Phases

Xiaoqin Yang and Zi Cai

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020602 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Stochastic Discrete Time Crystals: Entropy Production and Subharmonic Synchronization

Lukas Oberreiter, Udo Seifert, and Andre C. Barato

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 020603 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

Gravitation and Astrophysics

Axion Emission Can Explain a New Hard X-Ray Excess from Nearby Isolated Neutron Stars

Malte Buschmann, Raymond T. Co, Christopher Dessert, and Benjamin R. Safdi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021102 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Search for Gravitational Waves from High-Mass-Ratio Compact-Binary Mergers of Stellar Mass and Subsolar Mass Black Holes

Alexander H. Nitz and Yi-Fan Wang (王一帆)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021103 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Potential of Radio Telescopes as High-Frequency Gravitational Wave Detectors

Valerie Domcke and Camilo Garcia-Cely

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021104 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Localizing Transformations of the Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing Observable

Youngsoo Park, Eduardo Rozo, and Elisabeth Krause

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021301 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Elementary Particles and Fields

Full Angle Dependence of the Four-Loop Cusp Anomalous Dimension in QED

R. Brüser, C. Dlapa, J. M. Henn, and K. Yan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021601 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

From Gaudin Integrable Models to d-Dimensional Multipoint Conformal Blocks

Ilija Burić, Sylvain Lacroix, Jeremy A. Mann, Lorenzo Quintavalle, and Volker Schomerus

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021602 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Compact Uk(1) Chern-Simons Theory as a Local Bosonic Lattice Model with Exact Discrete 1-Symmetries

Michael DeMarco and Xiao-Gang Wen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021603 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Evolution of the Primordial Axial Charge across Cosmic Times

A. Boyarsky, V. Cheianov, O. Ruchayskiy, and O. Sobol

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021801 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Gravitational Waves and Proton Decay: Complementary Windows into Grand Unified Theories

Stephen F. King, Silvia Pascoli, Jessica Turner, and Ye-Ling Zhou

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021802 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Limits on the Existence of sub-MeV Sterile Neutrinos from the Decay of Be7 in Superconducting Quantum Sensors

S. Friedrich, G. B. Kim, C. Bray, R. Cantor, J. Dilling, S. Fretwell, J. A. Hall, A. Lennarz, V. Lordi, P. Machule, D. McKeen, X. Mougeot, F. Ponce, C. Ruiz, A. Samanta, W. K. Warburton, and K. G. Leach

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021803 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Nuclear Physics

Ab Initio Limits of Atomic Nuclei

S. R. Stroberg, J. D. Holt, A. Schwenk, and J. Simonis

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 022501 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

First-principles calculations predict the properties of nearly 700 isotopes between helium and iron, showing which nuclides can exist and which cannot.

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

Universal Dimerized Quantum Droplets in a One-Dimensional Lattice

Ivan Morera, Grigori E. Astrakharchik, Artur Polls, and Bruno Juliá-Díaz

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023001 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Optical Mass Spectrometry of Cold RaOH+ and RaOCH3+

M. Fan, C. A. Holliman, X. Shi, H. Zhang, M. W. Straus, X. Li, S. W. Buechele, and A. M. Jayich

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023002 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Researchers design radioactive molecules that might have exceptional sensitivity to the symmetry violations explaining the matter-antimatter imbalance of the Universe.

Probing Fundamental Symmetries of Deformed Nuclei in Symmetric Top Molecules

Phelan Yu and Nicholas R. Hutzler

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023003 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Researchers design radioactive molecules that might have exceptional sensitivity to the symmetry violations explaining the matter-antimatter imbalance of the Universe.

Using Circular Dichroism to Control Energy Transfer in Multiphoton Ionization

A. H. N. C. De Silva, D. Atri-Schuller, S. Dubey, B. P. Acharya, K. L. Romans, K. Foster, O. Russ, K. Compton, C. Rischbieter, N. Douguet, K. Bartschat, and D. Fischer

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023201 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Statistical Benchmarking of Scalable Photonic Quantum Systems

J. Tiedau, M. Engelkemeier, B. Brecht, J. Sperling, and C. Silberhorn

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023601 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Shortcuts to Adiabaticity for the Quantum Rabi Model: Efficient Generation of Giant Entangled Cat States via Parametric Amplification

Ye-Hong Chen, Wei Qin, Xin Wang, Adam Miranowicz, and Franco Nori

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023602 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Experimental Reconstruction of the Few-Photon Nonlinear Scattering Matrix from a Single Quantum Dot in a Nanophotonic Waveguide

Hanna Le Jeannic, Tomás Ramos, Signe F. Simonsen, Tommaso Pregnolato, Zhe Liu, Rüdiger Schott, Andreas D. Wieck, Arne Ludwig, Nir Rotenberg, Juan José García-Ripoll, and Peter Lodahl

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023603 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Double-Electromagnetically-Induced-Transparency Ground-State Cooling of Stationary Two-Dimensional Ion Crystals

Mu Qiao, Ye Wang, Zhengyang Cai, Botao Du, Pengfei Wang, Chunyang Luan, Wentao Chen, Heung-Ryoul Noh, and Kihwan Kim

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023604 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Experimental Certification of Nonclassicality via Phase-Space Inequalities

Nicola Biagi, Martin Bohmann, Elizabeth Agudelo, Marco Bellini, and Alessandro Zavatta

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023605 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

Nonlinear Dynamics, Fluid Dynamics, Classical Optics, etc.

Absorption Reduction of Large Purcell Enhancement Enabled by Topological State-Led Mode Coupling

Zhiyuan Qian, Zhichao Li, He Hao, Lingxiao Shan, Qi Zhang, Jianwen Dong, Qihuang Gong, and Ying Gu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023901 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Discretized Conical Waves in Multimode Optical Fibers

Bertrand Kibler and Pierre Béjot

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023902 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Nanometric Precision Distance Metrology via Hybrid Spectrally Resolved and Homodyne Interferometry in a Single Soliton Frequency Microcomb

Yoon-Soo Jang, Hao Liu, Jinghui Yang, Mingbin Yu, Dim-Lee Kwong, and Chee Wei Wong

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023903 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Dissipative Polarization Domain Walls in a Passive Coherently Driven Kerr Resonator

Bruno Garbin, Julien Fatome, Gian-Luca Oppo, Miro Erkintalo, Stuart G. Murdoch, and Stéphane Coen

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 023904 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

Plasma and Beam Physics

Laser-Ion Lens and Accelerator

Tianhong Wang, Vladimir Khudik, and Gennady Shvets

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 024801 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Record Energetics for an Inertial Fusion Implosion at NIF

A. B. Zylstra et al.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025001 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Evidence of Three-Dimensional Asymmetries Seeded by High-Density Carbon-Ablator Nonuniformity in Experiments at the National Ignition Facility

D. T. Casey et al.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025002 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Novel fusion experiments indicate that nonuniformity in the ablator shell thickness hinders implosion performance significantly.

Metallization of Shock-Compressed Liquid Ammonia

A. Ravasio, M. Bethkenhagen, J.-A. Hernandez, A. Benuzzi-Mounaix, F. Datchi, M. French, M. Guarguaglini, F. Lefevre, S. Ninet, R. Redmer, and T. Vinci

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025003 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Threshold Heat-Flux Reduction by Near-Resonant Energy Transfer

P. W. Terry, P.-Y. Li, M. J. Pueschel, and G. G. Whelan

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025004 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

Condensed Matter: Structure, etc.

Quantum Droplets of Dipolar Mixtures

R. N. Bisset, L. A. Peña Ardila, and L. Santos

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025301 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Quantum Droplet States of a Binary Magnetic Gas

Joseph C. Smith, D. Baillie, and P. B. Blakie

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025302 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Role of Static Displacements in Stabilizing Body Centered Cubic High Entropy Alloys

G. D. Samolyuk, Y. N. Osetsky, G. M. Stocks, and J. R. Morris

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025501 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Theory of Pressure-Induced Rejuvenation and Strain Hardening in Metallic Glasses

Anh D. Phan, Alessio Zaccone, Vu D. Lam, and Katsunori Wakabayashi

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025502 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Fracture Diodes: Directional Asymmetry of Fracture Toughness

N. R. Brodnik, S. Brach, C. M. Long, G. Ravichandran, B. Bourdin, K. T. Faber, and K. Bhattacharya

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025503 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Researchers have designed a metamaterial that is nearly twice as resistant to cracking in one direction versus the other—what they call a fracture diode.

Elasticity of a Pseudoproper Ferroelastic Transition from Stishovite to Post-Stishovite at High Pressure

Yanyao Zhang, Suyu Fu, Baoyun Wang, and Jung-Fu Lin

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025701 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Spatial Clustering of Depinning Avalanches in Presence of Long-Range Interactions

Clément Le Priol, Pierre Le Doussal, and Alberto Rosso

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025702 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.

Dominant Fifth-Order Correlations in Doped Quantum Antiferromagnets

A. Bohrdt, Y. Wang, J. Koepsell, M. Kánasz-Nagy, E. Demler, and F. Grusdt

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 026401 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Spin Fluctuations in Quantized Transport of Magnetic Topological Insulators

Yu-Hang Li and Ran Cheng

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 026601 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Gate-Tunable Fractional Chern Insulators in Twisted Double Bilayer Graphene

Zhao Liu, Ahmed Abouelkomsan, and Emil J. Bergholtz

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 026801 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Two-Dimensional Superconductivity at the LaAlO3/KTaO3(110) Heterointerface

Zheng Chen, Zhongran Liu, Yanqiu Sun, Xiaoxin Chen, Yuan Liu, Hui Zhang, Hekang Li, Meng Zhang, Siyuan Hong, Tianshuang Ren, Chao Zhang, He Tian, Yi Zhou, Jirong Sun, and Yanwu Xie

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 026802 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Topological Transition of Superconductivity in Dirac Semimetal Nanowire Josephson Junctions

Cai-Zhen Li, An-Qi Wang, Chuan Li, Wen-Zhuang Zheng, Alexander Brinkman, Da-Peng Yu, and Zhi-Min Liao

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027001 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Fragile Topology and Flat-Band Superconductivity in the Strong-Coupling Regime

Valerio Peri, Zhi-Da Song, B. Andrei Bernevig, and Sebastian D. Huber

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027002 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Measurement of the Spin Absorption Anisotropy in Lateral Spin Valves

M. Cosset-Chéneau, L. Vila, G. Zahnd, D. Gusakova, V. T. Pham, C. Grèzes, X. Waintal, A. Marty, H. Jaffrès, and J.-P. Attané

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027201 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Shallow and Deep States of Beryllium Acceptor in GaN: Why Photoluminescence Experiments Do Not Reveal Small Polarons for Defects in Semiconductors

D. O. Demchenko, M. Vorobiov, O. Andrieiev, T. H. Myers, and M. A. Reshchikov

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027401 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Stronger Interlayer Interactions Contribute to Faster Hot Carrier Cooling of Bilayer Graphene under Pressure

Kun Ni, Jinxiang Du, Jin Yang, Shujuan Xu, Xin Cong, Na Shu, Kai Zhang, Aolei Wang, Fei Wang, Liangbing Ge, Jin Zhao, Yan Qu, Kostya S. Novoselov, Pingheng Tan, Fuhai Su, and Yanwu Zhu

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027402 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Quantifying the Robustness of Topological Slow Light

Guillermo Arregui, Jordi Gomis-Bresco, Clivia M. Sotomayor-Torres, and Pedro David Garcia

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027403 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Topological Charge Pumping in Excitonic Insulators

Zhiyuan Sun and Andrew J. Millis

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027601 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Ultrafast Neuromorphic Dynamics Using Hidden Phases in the Prototype of Relaxor Ferroelectrics

Sergey Prosandeev, Julie Grollier, Diyar Talbayev, Brahim Dkhil, and L. Bellaiche

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 027602 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Polymer, Soft Matter, Biological, Climate, and Interdisciplinary Physics

Searching for the Gardner Transition in Glassy Glycerol

Samuel Albert, Giulio Biroli, François Ladieu, Roland Tourbot, and Pierfrancesco Urbani

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028001 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Control of Superselectivity by Crowding in Three-Dimensional Hosts

Andrew T. R. Christy, Halim Kusumaatmaja, and Mark A. Miller

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028002 (2021) - Published 11 January, 2021

Evaporation-Induced Liquid Expansion and Bubble Formation in Binary Mixtures

Qiyun Tang and Marcus Müller

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028003 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Quantifying Material Properties of Cell Monolayers by Analyzing Integer Topological Defects

Carles Blanch-Mercader, Pau Guillamat, Aurélien Roux, and Karsten Kruse

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028101 (2021) - Published 12 January, 2021

Hidden Topological Structure of Flow Network Functionality

Jason W. Rocks, Andrea J. Liu, and Eleni Katifori

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028102 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

Swirling Instability of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton

David B. Stein, Gabriele De Canio, Eric Lauga, Michael J. Shelley, and Raymond E. Goldstein

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028103 (2021) - Published 13 January, 2021

During a fruit-fly egg cell’s early development, its internal fluid begins to swirl in a vortex—a transition caused by the coordinated behavior of elastic filaments in the cell.

Dominant Reaction Pathways by Quantum Computing

Philipp Hauke, Giovanni Mattiotti, and Pietro Faccioli

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028104 (2021) - Published 14 January, 2021

Desynchronization Transitions in Adaptive Networks

Rico Berner, Simon Vock, Eckehard Schöll, and Serhiy Yanchuk

Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 028301 (2021) - Published 15 January, 2021

A master stability approach for a general class of adaptive networks provides a powerful tool to study collective effects by decoupling topological and dynamical properties of the network.

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