As the length of the gas cell in a laser wakefield accelerator increases from 3 to 40 mm, camera images (top) of the resulting x-ray beam and tracks (bottom) of the electron energy reveal that beyond ~10 mm, a second burst of lower-energy electrons appears, increasing the x-ray flux.
From the article:
High-Flux X-Ray Emission due to Injection into a Laser-Wakefield Accelerator beyond Its Depletion LengthJ. C. Wood, K. Põder, N. C. Lopes, J. M. Cole, S. Alatabi, A. J. Hughes, P. Foster, C. Kamperidis, O. Kononenko, S. P. D. Mangles, D. Neely, C. A. J. Palmer, D. R. Rusby, G. Sarri, M. J. V. Streeter, D. R. Symes, J. R. Warwick, and Z. Najmudin
Phys. Rev. Lett. 137, 105001 (2026)
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