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Energy-Level Quantization in the Zero-Voltage State of a Current-Biased Josephson Junction
Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 1543 – Published 7 October, 1985
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.1543
Abstract
We report the first observation of quantized energy levels for a macroscopic variable, namely the phase difference across a current-biased Josephson junction in its zero-voltage state. The position of these energy levels is in quantitative agreement with a quantum mechanical calculation based on parameters of the junction that are measured in the classical regime.
Focus
Nobel Prize: Quantum Tunneling on a Large Scale
Published 7 October, 2025
The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics recognizes the discovery of macroscopic quantum tunneling in electrical circuits.
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Omitted endnote
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