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Axionlike Particles at Future Neutrino Experiments: Closing the Cosmological Triangle

Vedran Brdar1,2,*, Bhaskar Dutta3,†, Wooyoung Jang4,‡, Doojin Kim3,§, Ian M. Shoemaker5,∥, Zahra Tabrizi5,¶, Adrian Thompson3,**, and Jaehoon Yu4,††

  • 1Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
  • 2Northwestern University, Department of Physics & Astronomy, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
  • 3Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
  • 4Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
  • 5Center for Neutrino Physics, Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA

  • *vedran.brdar@northwestern.edu
  • †dutta@tamu.edu
  • ‡wooyoung.jang@uta.edu
  • §doojin.kim@tamu.edu
  • ∥shoemaker@vt.edu
  • ztabrizi@vt.edu
  • **thompson@tamu.edu
  • ††jaehoon@uta.edu
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Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 201801 – Published 17 May, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.201801

Abstract

Axionlike particles (ALPs) provide a promising direction in the search for new physics, while a wide range of models incorporate ALPs. We point out that future neutrino experiments, such as DUNE, possess competitive sensitivity to ALP signals. The high-intensity proton beam impinging on a target can not only produce copious amounts of neutrinos, but also cascade photons that are created from charged particle showers stopping in the target. Therefore, ALPs interacting with photons can be produced (often energetically) with high intensity via the Primakoff effect and then leave their signatures at the near detector through the inverse Primakoff scattering or decays to a photon pair. Moreover, the high-capability near detectors allow for discrimination between ALP signals and potential backgrounds, improving the signal sensitivity further. We demonstrate that a DUNE-like detector can explore a wide range of parameter space in ALP-photon coupling gaγ vs ALP mass ma, including some regions unconstrained by existing bounds; the “cosmological triangle” will be fully explored and the sensitivity limits would reach up to ma∼3–4  GeV and down to gaγ∼10−8  GeV−1.

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Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 201801– Published 17 May, 2021
  • Received 9 December 2020
  • Accepted 16 April 2021
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