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Experimental observations on Weissenberg number-controlled developing turbulent boundary layers

Zeeshan Saeed

Yasaman Farsiani

Brian R. Elbing*

  • *Contact author: elbing@okstate.edu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 104606 – Published 18 October, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.104606

Abstract

A developing turbulent boundary layer (TBL) was created using a uniform concentration of drag-reducing polymer for which the mean molecular weight was controlled and monitored throughout testing. This obtained a polymer-modified TBL with known polymer properties, including the Weissenberg number (Wi). The resulting mean and fluctuating velocity profiles were measured using particle image velocimetry. Polymeric tests were performed at friction Reynolds numbers (δ+) ranging from 470 to 760, drag reduction (DR) levels ranging from 0% to 44%, and Wi ranging from 0.2 to 13. In addition to the baseline Newtonian conditions, polymeric conditions were selected such that two had nearly the same Wi with significantly different DR, and two others had the same DR with significantly different Wi. The mean and fluctuating velocity profiles showed Wi dependence, with the suppression of wall-normal velocity fluctuations strongly dependent on Wi. While the streamwise velocity fluctuations (nonscaled) increased only marginally, the significant suppression in the wall-normal velocity fluctuations also indicates that this increase in anisotropic fluctuating velocity field has a Wi dependence. Conditional averaging of the profiles was performed to isolate the impact of Wi on ejection and sweep events: the latter events showed suppression throughout the TBL in proportion to the Wi, while the former events showed similar behavior, but not as uniformly throughout the TBL. Finally, proper orthogonal decomposition was performed to quantify the reduction of complexity within the polymer-modified TBL, for which the reduction was strongly correlated with Wi, even more so than the level of DR. This indicates that the polymer chains effectively subdue specific scales (i.e., smaller scales) so that there is no longer a mere passing of energy through those scales.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 104606– Published 18 October, 2024
  • Received 15 August 2023
  • Accepted 13 September 2024
Article part of CHORUS
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