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Finite speed of sound effects on asymmetry in multibubble cavitation

Mandeep Saini*

Youssef Saade†

Daniel Fuster‡

Detlef Lohse§

  • Institut Jean le Rond ∂'Alembert, CNRS UMR 7190, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France and Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Centre for Complex Fluid Dynamics, J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands

  • Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Centre for Complex Fluid Dynamics, J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands

  • Institut Jean le Rond ∂'Alembert, CNRS UMR 7190, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France

  • Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Centre for Complex Fluid Dynamics, J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands and Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Am Fassberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany

  • *mandeep.saini@sorbonne-universite.fr
  • †y.saade@utwente.nl
  • ‡daniel.fuster@sorbonne-universite.fr
  • §d.lohse@utwente.nl
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 043602 – Published 2 April, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.043602

Abstract

Three-dimensional direct numerical simulations are used to revisit the experiments on multibubble cavitation performed by Bremond et al., Phys. Fluids 18, 121505 (2006); Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 224501 (2006). In particular, we aim at understanding the asymmetry observed therein during the expansion and collapse of bubble clusters subjected to a pressure pulse. Our numerical simulations suggest that the asymmetry is due to the force applied by the imposed pressure pulse and it is a consequence of the finite effective speed of sound in the liquid. By comparing our numerical results to the experiments, we found that the effective speed of sound under the experimental conditions was smaller than that of degassed water due to microbubbles in the system which resulted from prior cavitation experiments in the same setup. The estimated values of the effective speed of sound are consistent with those derived from the classical theory of wave propagation in liquids with small amounts of gas. To support this theory, we also present evidence of tiny bubbles remaining in the liquid bulk as a result of the fragmentation of large bubbles during the prior cavitation experiments. Furthermore, we find that this asymmetry also alters the direction of the liquid jet generated during the last stages of bubble collapse.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 043602– Published 2 April, 2024
  • Received 13 November 2023
  • Accepted 21 February 2024
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