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Effective water/water contact angle at the base of an impinging jet

Théophile Gaichies1, Anniina Salonen1, Arnaud Antkowiak2, and Emmanuelle Rio1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Universite Paris-Saclay, CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France
  • 2Institut Jean le Rond ∂'Alembert, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 034003 – Published 27 March, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.034003

Abstract

The base of a jet impinging on an ultrapure water bath is studied experimentally. At the impact point, a train of capillary waves develops along the jet. By performing particle tracking velocity measurements, we show that there is a boundary layer separation between the jet and the meniscus. We thus describe the shape of this meniscus with a hydrostatic model. A striking observation is the existence of an effective nonzero water/water contact angle between the jet and the meniscus. The rationalization of this finite contact angle requires a full description of the shape of the interface. By doing an analytical matching between the meniscus and the jet, we show that the capillary waves can be considered as reflected waves present to ensure pressure continuity. It is finally shown that the value of the apparent contact angle is fixed by energy minimization, with an excellent agreement between prediction and experiment for small jets.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 034003– Published 27 March, 2024
  • Received 15 November 2023
  • Accepted 16 February 2024
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