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Irregular dependence on Stokes number, and nonergodic transport, of heavy inertial particles in steady laminar flows

Anu V. S. Nath* and Anubhab Roy†

S. Ravichandran‡

Rama Govindarajan§

  • Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India

  • Nordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden and Interdisciplinary Programme in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India

  • International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560089, India

  • *am18d701@smail.iitm.ac.in
  • †anubhab@iitm.ac.in
  • ‡sravichandran@iitb.ac.in
  • §rama@icts.res.in
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 014302 – Published 9 January, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.014302

Abstract

Small heavy particles in a fluid flow respond to the flow on a timescale proportional to their inertia or Stokes number St. Their behavior has been thought to be gradually modified as St increases. We show, on the other hand, in the steady spatially periodic laminar Taylor-Green vortex flow, that particle dynamics, and their effective diffusivity, actually change in an irregular, nonmonotonic, and sometimes discontinuous manner with increasing St. At St∼1, we show chaotic particle motion, contrasting with earlier conclusions for heavy particles in the same flow [Wang et al., Phys. Fluids 4, 1789 (1992)]. Particles may display trapped orbits, or unbounded diffusive or ballistic dispersion, with the vortices behaving like scatterers in a soft Lorentz gas [Klages et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 064102 (2019)]. The dynamics is nonergodic.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 9, 014302– Published 9 January, 2024
  • Received 19 April 2023
  • Accepted 8 December 2023
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