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Coupling between vortex flow and whisker sensor in cylinder wakes with time-varying streamwise gaps

Pengyao Gong*, Dhanush Bhamitipadi Suresh†, and Yaqing Jin‡

  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA

  • *Pengyao.Gong@UTDallas.edu
  • †dhanush.bhamitipadisuresh@utdallas.edu
  • ‡Yaqing.Jin@UTDallas.edu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 8, 034701 – Published 22 March, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.8.034701

Abstract

The flow-induced vibration of a whisker in the wake of a movable circular cylinder with time-varying streamwise gaps was experimentally investigated to understand how whiskers detect the variation of upstream target's swimming status. A time-resolved particle image velocimetry was used to characterize the vortex flow dynamics and vibrations of whisker across various initial gaps and gap growth rates. Results showed that despite the time-varying gaps, the evolution of vortex flow and whisker dynamics remained overall synchronized. Due to the nonlinear decaying rate of vortex strength along streamwise direction, the vibrations of whisker sensor were more sensitive to gap growth rates with smaller initial gaps. However, the sensitivity of whisker (i.e., the decaying rate of whisker vibration intensity over unit time) to gap growth rates gradually decreased when such growth rate became sufficiently high, regardless of initial gaps. Using a physical model based on the balance between whisker inertial force, system damping, restoring force, and flow loading with time-varying magnitudes, we well described the response of whisker sensor in the cylinder wake flow; the model revealed that the reduction of whisker's sensitivity under high gap growth rate was attributed to the sufficiently strong vortices initiated by the fast movement of upstream cylinder, which compensated the influence of vortex strength decay due to the growth of gap. In addition to cases with whisker vibrating in the wake centerline, our complementary measurements with the whisker in the cylinder edge highlighted the time-varying equilibrium vibration positions of whisker sensor due to the “wake-stiffness” effect.

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synopsis

Sensing Fish at a Distance

Published 22 March, 2023

The whiskers of some marine mammals are sensitive to the turbulent wakes left by fish. A new experiment investigates how this process works over different distances.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 8, 034701– Published 22 March, 2023
  • Received 14 October 2022
  • Accepted 7 February 2023
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