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Oscillating non-progressing flows induce directed cell motion

Winfried Schmidt1,2, Andre Förtsch1, Matthias Laumann1, and Walter Zimmermann1,*

  • 1Theoretische Physik, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
  • 2Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France

  • *Corresponding author: walter.zimmermann@uni-bayreuth.de
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, L032201 – Published 16 March, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.L032201

Abstract

We present a deformation-dependent propulsion phenomenon for soft particles such as cells in microchannels. It is based on a broken time-reversal symmetry generated by a fast forward and a slow backward motion of a fluid which does not progress on average. In both sections, soft particles deform differently and thus progress relatively to the liquid. We demonstrate this by using Lattice-Boltzmann simulations of ubiquitous red blood cells in microchannels, as well as simulations for capsules and minimal-soft-tissue models in unbounded Poiseuille flows. The propulsion of the soft particles depends besides the oscillation asymmetry on their size, deformation type, and elasticity. This is also demonstrated by analytical calculations for a minimal model. Our findings may stimulate a rethinking of particle sorting methods. For example, healthy and malignant cells often differ in their elasticity. With the proposed method, several cell types with different deformabilities can be separated simultaneously without labeling or obstacles in a microfluidic device.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, L032201– Published 16 March, 2022
  • Received 4 October 2021
  • Accepted 18 February 2022
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