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Meandering features of wall-attached structures in turbulent boundary layer

Jinyul Hwang1,* and Jae Hwa Lee2,†

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea
  • 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, UNIST, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Korea

  • *jhwang@pusan.ac.kr
  • jhlee06@unist.ac.kr

Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 114603 – Published 14 November, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.114603

Abstract

In wall turbulence, meandering behaviors of large-scale structures observed in the logarithmic layer are a crucial spatial feature to understand the spatial organization of these structures and to improve the structure-based turbulence model. These structures extend from the near-wall region to the edge of boundary layers (δ). Thus, their meandering motions leave an imprint on the two-point turbulence statistics across the flow, especially in the logarithmic region. Herein, we demonstrate the influence of the meandering motions of wall-attached structures on the two-point correlation and the premultiplied two-dimensional spectra by analyzing the direct numerical simulation data of the turbulent boundary layer at Reτ1000. The meandering magnitudes of wall-attached structures increase with their height (ly) but significantly differ among the identified structures even at a given ly. In addition, the wall-attached structures of streamwise velocity fluctuations (u) are found to be aligned along with a preferred spanwise offset regardless of the meandering motion. This feature is confirmed through the conditional two-point correlations of u within the meandering structures, which leads to a distinct X pattern in the logarithmic region. We further examine the spectral behavior of the meandering structures across the streamwise and spanwise wavelengths (λx and λz, respectively) through the premultiplied two-dimensional spectra. With increasing meandering magnitudes, the energy spectra are more inclined to the λz direction. Furthermore, the energy spectra of the strong meandering structures are bounded by a linear relationship λxλz over the large-scale range, reminiscent of self-similar scaling predicted by the attached-eddy hypothesis. In particular, the upper bound is aligned along λx2λz over λz>δ, which is absent in the energy spectral of the total u. This result reveals that the meandering motions allow the large-scale structures to contain wide spanwise scale energy that is self-similar in the logarithmic region. Finally, a discussion on the near-wall parts of the meandering structures is given with an emphasis on Townsend's inactive eddies.

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